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Fishman - women backchannel for support

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Holmes - men use more modal tag questions

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women are more vocal and supportive in single-sex conversations

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Women are more likely to gossip and enjoy bitching whereas men speak more about real issues

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Tannen- when conducting research in the past,cultural differences had not been taken I to account and men and women tend to come from different cultures. These cultures teach men to be competitive

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Julia Blake - women swear twice as much in single sex conversations

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women hold more power in domestic settings as that is what society  wants

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Spender - men’s talk is seen as talk, women’s talk is seen as gossip

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Spender - marked terms reinforce the patriarchal order that establishes male as the norm, androcentric society.

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suggests that despite the increasing number of women they are less likely to be respected but Beattie suggests that it is involvement not assertion of dominance

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Cameron - argues that power plays a greater role than gender

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Woods stated that despite the power women hold men are still more likely to interrupt due to men feeling like they dominate

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Cheshire - peer pressure is a bigger factor than gender

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You would expect those in higher positions to speak more in these meetings - links to Wareing's theory, you hold power as a result of your occupational role, rather than your gender.

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Men interrupting more - Zimmerman and West, 46/48 interruptions in mixed-sex conversations were men interrupting women.

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Fishman - women do institutional shift work to keep conversation going, this is not necessarily supported by the data we have, as men are speaking more.

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Lack of context - the interruptions could be for support, as suggested by Beattie.

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Men interrupted more and for a longer period of time suggesting male dominance

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You'd expect those in higher power to interrupt more in mixed sex conversations in the work place, but woods found that even when the woman was in higher status, the man would still dominate the conversariom

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The data shows that the men are interrupting more - links to Wood's theory, male speakers control the floor regardless of their occupational status.

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There’s no context about the people, this could influence the data

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Women D was more interrupted - workplace theory, male dominance in conversations