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1. What type of biome is your park located in? Where exactly is it located?

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1. What type of biome is your park located in? Where exactly is it located?

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4. What is one example of an energy flow through your park's ecosystem? List the an organism at each trophic level. 

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4. What is one example of an energy flow through your park's ecosystem? List the an organism at each trophic level. 

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2. What are the main types of vegetation, and specific plant species?

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2. What are the main types of vegetation, and specific plant species?

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3. What are the major species of animals? Are there any endangered species in or near this park? 

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3. What are the major species of animals? Are there any endangered species in or near this park? 

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5. Describe the geology of the park, and highlight any main geologic features.

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5. Describe the geology of the park, and highlight any main geologic features.

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6.  Are there any ecologic restoration projects currently happening? What is the goal of the project? 

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6.  Are there any ecologic restoration projects currently happening? What is the goal of the project? 

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7. Are there any past ecologic restoration projects that were successful?

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7. Are there any past ecologic restoration projects that were successful?

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8. What effects will climate change have on the park?

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8. What effects will climate change have on the park?

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9. What role have different groups of people historically played within this park's ecosystem?

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9. What role have different groups of people historically played within this park's ecosystem?

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Madi, Carina, and Brenna

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Joshua Tree is a complex biome because of it's hot summer and cool winters. It is often dry except for the rare rain and snowfall. The lack of the water causes the organisms to adapt. It is located in the Mojave Desert

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Caitlin, Matheus

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The main type of vegetation is dry desert vegetation.  The specific plant species that are rare shrub assemblages, ferns, mosses, and liverworts, and cacti. Joshua Tree is native to 44 rare species. A few of the rare species include the Desert Fan, Coyote Melon, and Teddy Bear Cholla.

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The Great Smoky Mountains belong to the temperate forest biome and are located in the United States bordering North Carolina and Tennessee.

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Hawaiian volcanoes have a biome of the tropical rainforest. It is relatively warm year around, has layers of vegetation, various animals, and frequent precipitation.

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At Joshua Tree, there are 5 out of the 6 basic animal groups. This includes, mammals, reptiles, birds, amphibians, and invertebrates. The major species of animals at Joshua Tree include snakes, bighorn sheep, kangaroo rats, coyotes, and black jackrabbits. The endangered species includes the desert tortoise, the pocketed free-tailed bat, and the spotted bat to list a few.

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Yellowstone is the Taiga biome, and located in Northwestern Wyoming, USA.

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Kaitlyn, Carolina, Omar

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Temperate Deciduous Forest located in California's Sierra Nevada region

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'ohi'a trees
tree fern
mintless mints
nettleless nettles

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Taiga. Located in Santa Barbara and Ventura counties.

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The park is home over 1,600 species of flowering plants, including 100 native tree species and over 100 native shrub species.

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The main types of vegetation are plants such as nonvascular plants like the juniper moss, and also trees such as Torrey Pine trees.

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the nene goose
endangered turtles

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Major animal species in the Great Smoky Mountains include salamanders, coyotes, deer, black bears, bobcats, and elk. This park is also home to several endangered species including the northern flying squirrel, Red-cockaded Woodpecker, Indiana bat, spruce-fir moss spider, and the Smoky madtom.

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Yellowstone sits near volcanic and hydrothermal hotspots, while also being influenced by glacial processes. The rocks here (quarts and feldspar) are nutrient poor but mineral rich. Hydrothermal areas provide unfrozen water to support animals in the winter.

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main types of vegetation: conifer species, exotic species, fern species, flora species, sensitive plant species

specific plant species: California black oak, ponderosa pine, incense-cedar, and white fir
below is a picture of california black oak

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The majority of animals here are ocean animals such as elephant seals, and green turtles. Green Sea Turtles are endangered.

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OK365 tự hào là một trong những nhà cái trực tuyến hàng đầu, mang đến trải nghiệm cá cược đỉnh cao với đa dạng sản phẩm và dịch vụ. Không chỉ nổi bật về chất

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Mule deer, bighorn sheep, multiple species of rodents, red foxes, and black bears are all native mammals to the region. The park also home to 262 species of birds, multitudes of bugs (especially ants), native fish include pikeminnow, hardhead, and sculpin, and there are introduced species such as trout.

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Example of energy flows:
Cushion foxtail cactus(producer)-> painted lady butterfly(primary consumers)->rabbit(secondary consumers)->coyotes(tertiary consumers).

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At the producer trophic level there are plants, at the primary consumer level there are deer mice. Secondary consumers from this island are birds, tertiary consumers are skunks. Lastly, the quaternary consumer here are island foxes.

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In Joshua Tree park, we can find Sand dunes, dry lakes, flat valleys, extraordinarily rugged mountains, granitic monoliths, and oases. The geologic feather in Joshua Tree is that it has many fantastic shapes of rocks. These rocks are mainly caused by earlier times of higher rainfall and lower temperatures.

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primary producers (trees)
> eaten by primary consumers (squirrels)
> eaten by secondary consumers (coyotes)

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Invasive species management plan.
The goal is to manage the invasive species which goes into the park and protect the existing species in the park.

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The Great Smoky Mountains are known for their sweeping peaks and rugged terrain. The mountains are also characterized by expansive trees and many naturally formed caves.

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Current ecological restoration projects include restoring species to habitats degraded by invasive plant and animal species

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Humans have occupied Joshua Tree for 5,000 years. The first being the Pinto Culture then the American Indians. In the 1800s, cattlemen began inhabiting the area, building water impoundments for their cattle. In the 1900s, miners came looking for gold. Minerva Hoyt played a significant role in protecting and preserving Joshua Tree.

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Channel Islands is surrounded by water and has many high mountains. A lot of the area is covered with dried up lava from volcanic erruptions.

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There is restricted travel in the island and projects such as invasive plant management, native plant propagation and native plant installation.

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The Captive Breeding Program, a project to restore the island fox population, was ultimately successful. Island foxes were first brought into captivity in the San Miguel Island in the year 2000, and mates were assigned to each fox to restore their population since then. Numbers have increased steadily throughout the years.

Source: https://www.nps.gov/chis/learn/nature/fox-saving.htm

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Climate Change will cause the sea levels at Channel Islands to rise and will increase the acidification of the surrounding water.

Source:
https://sanctuaries.noaa.gov/science/sentinel-site-program/channel-islands/climate-change-ocean-acidification.html

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One of the historic groups that occupied an island is the Chumash Civilization. They primarily occupied the Santa Cruz Island and exploited the surrounding marine life for food.

Source: https://www.nps.gov/chis/learn/historyculture/santacruzisland.htm

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Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies

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The Grand Canyon has a few different biomes depending on elevation but in the valley it is a desert. This is characterized by being very hot and dry. Upward of the valley, there is a taiga biome.

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The desert here has many bushes such as mormon tea. There are also many cacti. The taiga biome has many trees like douglas fir and pine.

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The desert contains many birds and amphibians such as lizards and hawks. The taiga is dominated by rodents such as voles and birds. There are also larger animals such as deer. The Grand Canyon contains a number of endangered species including the bald eagle and peregrine falcon.

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National parks website
Grandcanyon.com
nps.gov