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"As I walked, my leg swelled. I yanked a small branch from a tree and pulled the twigs and leaves off it. Even using that as a crutch, I could barely move ahead. But somehow, I did".
This demonstrates resilience because Mop needs to "press on" in order to survive and escape the khmer rouge. Even though Mop is extremely weak, he has to keep going to prevent his death. If he gave up, he would risk being found by the khmer rouge. His reliency will help him by getting him and his family further from the khmer rouge.

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"I started a little fire and cooked the meat. I knew I was taking a chance, but when your'e hungry, eating is all you can think about. If the Khmer Rouge had caught me, I would have probably died. But if I didn't eat, I would have definitely died". Mop decides that he needs to steal food in order to keep himself alive even though stealing the food can possibly kill him. If he doesn't, not eating will definetely kill him.

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Hard power.
"A Khmer Rouge jumped on me, put his foot on my neck, and help me under the water. I though I was going to drown, but then he pulled me up. I gasped for air, he yelled at me, and pushed me under again. I knew I was being killed. It was all over"
- The Khmer Rouge use violence in order to control the population and show that they were in power.
- Because of this, Mop is having difficulties staying alive because they use their power to control

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"I could barely remember when I used to play games with my friends, laughing at fish swimming n flooded backyards, running just for the fun of it, or joking iwth my schoolmates. My old childhood seemed to be part of another life-someone else's, not mine".
- This shows thta Mop is having difficulties trying to remember his innocent past because at the time, he was struggling to stay alive.
- This changes his perception of the world because the world he knows now is where everybody is struggling to stay alive.
- The main character is struggling to remember the time when he was actually happy and wasn't living in starvation.

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"Tender skin develops a rash when it is exposed to water everyday and every night, never having a chance to dry. My thighs and shins turned red, and the skin felt as if it was burning up. We didn't have towels, cream, or anything that could help"
- I am finding it hard to empathize here because the character doesn't have access to things that I have.
- I have more privileges because I have access to items that can cure his rash, but he doesn't have those.

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"To kill the monkey, I choked it with a wine, or beat it with a stick. I felt awful doing it,but the only other choice was to starve to death. I waited until the darkness came before I started a little fire and cooked the meat. I knew I was taking, a chance but when you're hungry, eating is all you can think about. This shows how Mop has lost his innocence and is willing to do absolutely anything to survive the violent acts

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"Over and over again, they forced us to work in a field for a few days, and then set up a camp nearby to sleep in. Then they would make us move to another area and do the same thing again. I never asked why. I just did what I was told".
- This shows that Mop is being compliant even though the Khmer Rouge are making him do difficult tasks to prevent himself and his family from death.
- If he rebelled, he knows that himself and his family will be killed.

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"I would have run away if there had been a place to go. Anyone found off by himself was suspected of being a runaway. He woul probably be shot, and as punishment, his family would be killed too".
- This shows that even though Mop wanted to runaway,
-he knows that his family and himself will get killed because of his actions, so he decides to obey the Khmer Rouge's orders.

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"I wanted to live because of my family. We no longer had a mother, and our father was away. We had only ourselves, and we had to take care of each other. Every morning when I woke up and saw the faces of Chantha and Van Lan, and my younger brothers, Hackly and Chanty, I said to myself, 'This family is all I have. I am lucky to be alive'".
- This shows that Mop wants to stay alive for his family's sake.
-  He knows that if he dies, then the family will have to struggle with one more loss and it will make everything harder for them.

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"With Van Lan gone, I felt even more scared, and even more responsible for my brothers and sisters".
- This shows that Mop feels like he can't be fearful to be responsible and care for his siblings.
- He feels like he has to take the responsibility of Van Lan because he is not present at the moment.

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"One of the examiners told "Mom", 'your family cannot leave because your son is sick'...We felt angry and frustrated, but I could do nothing about my scars. I hated to cause problems. I worried constantly". This shows that Mop cannot leave for America with his "family" because of his scars. He feels extremely terrible because he is holding himself and his family from a better future.

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mops brother had ringworm in his leg mop felt as though it was his fault because he has been responsible for his whole family. His brother had been protected by his family since he was youngest in the family, this caused him to feel very scared since this hasn't happens to him because Mop had always done his best to prevent it.

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Humiliation
Resilience
Power

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I think this lens plays a role since he entered the plane to go to America because, he didn't know what was going on around him at all & was confused about what to do. He tried to blend in so that he has a clue. This shows that Mop is naive & knows nothing except that he wasn't going to France & was in USA.

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The main character showed signs of humiliation when he was:
Not getting fed
Losing family
Getting beaten
Denied access to US
Losing items to theft
Getting property destroyed

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In the book, the Khmer regime possesses a lot of hard power. They use violence, physical force, punishment, and corrupt laws that they made themselves. This all goes to benefiting the Khmer Rouge.

There is also a lot of soft power, coming from the protagonists: Mop and his family. Mop was determined to survive, and sacrificed his body to long, grueling hours of work on rice fields, so that his family wouldn't die, because he loved his family. Mop can be considered selfless because of his actions.

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The main character constantly shows signs of resilience, especially when he is not being watched by the Khmer Rouge or another entity with a lot of hard power. Examples:
Stealing food
escaping
Pretending to be a part of another family
Going to HS in US
Working hard in US

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"I remembered before ths Khmer Rouge came when I used to  pick fruit from a tree whenever I wanted a snack. In those days, I didn't think twice about it. Now, these precious oranges helped keep us alive."
Mop used to be a normal kid who didn't think too much about the privileges he had, until they were lost.

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"he and his buddies kicked me in the legs. Using their fists, they punched me in the stomach, arms, and head. When they got sick of beating me up, they tied my hands behind my back and told me to call my brother"
this shows how the khmer rouge use violence against peeople they catch and or don't like and how they will kill anyone they don't like

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Mop & his family are humiliated because of all the actions of the Khmer Rouge. The Khmer Rouge took away all their privileges, killed their family & many other people, physically abused the people brutally & denied the Cambodians access to other countries so that they could get help. The Khmer Rouge turned the Cambodians into their puppets, and did whatever they wanted with them, which instilled fear in others. This is what caused Mop & his family to feel humiliated.

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"Im not going to waste a bullet on you"
this scared Mop into thinking that the was so insignificant that he didn't even deserve death.

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"My hear pounded. What should I do? Where was Van Lan? Did the Khmer Rouge catch him? If they did, I stopped myself from thinking about what could happen next".
- Mop is trying to decide whether or not he should go and see if Van Lan was okay.
- He knows that if he goes and tries to look for him, that he will get found by the Khmer Rouge, but if he doesn't look, he will fell the guilt that he didn't save him if he was even killed.