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The term introspection is used to describe a research technique that was first developed by psychologist Wilhelm Wundt. Also known as experimental self-observation, Wundt's technique involved training people to carefully and objectively as possible analyze the content of their own thoughts. Later on, William James wrote, "The Principles of Psychology" and discussed functionalism. In reality, these ideas do not have much impact on how psychologist think today.

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Psychoanalysis, the third wave, was founded in the early 1900's by Sigmund Freud. During this time period people believed that most of your feelings come from a hidden place in your mind called the unconscious. We as humans protect ourselves from our real feelings by using defense mechanisms. Sigmund Freud was a medical doctor who emphasized unconscious thought and the conflict between biological drives and the society demand. Freud also theorized that early relationships with parents shape an individuals personality. There is a now therapeutic technique  that involves unlocking a persons unconscious conflicts.

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Behaviorism, the fourth wave, was founded by John Watson and B.F. Skinner. This wave begun in the early 1900's and lasted until the mid 1900's. During this time period people started to ignore how they felt inside. All that mattered was how you acted. The mindset was, "if you could change your behavior, who cares about how you feel." This was very popular in the conservative 1950's  when social appearance mattered more than self expression. Behaviorism emphasizes the scientific study of observable behaviors.

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Gestalt Psychology, the second wave, was founded in Germany in 1912. It was led by  Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka, and Wolfgang Köhler. These men focused not on how we feel, but on how we experience the world. Seeking to explain perceptions in terms of gestalts rather than by analyzing their constituents. Now, there is gestalt psychology which is a client centered approach psychotherapy that helps clients focus on the present and what is really happening in their lives right now.

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Eclectic. the fifth wave, is the wave we are currently in. Wave 5 is made up of about 7 different perspectives. Psychologists today pick and choose from about 7 schools of thoughts to help figure out problems. This has given us the Seven Schools of Psychology.