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Painted by George Gower in 1588

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Suleiman the Magnificent was the ruler of the Ottoman Empire for 46 years. He was the 10th Ottoman Sultan in the 1500's. During his reign he conquered many territories, had a dominating army on land and sea, and reformed the Ottoman Empire during the "Golden" age.

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He completely reconstructed the Ottoman legal system. Under him, the Ottoman empire became one of the most powerful. It acted as protector of France and Poland and received envoys from India and Sumatra. He dominated the Red Sea, Mediterranean, Persian Gulf and launched many campaigns to gain land for the Ottoman empire. He personally lead thirteen of them. The total duration of which was ten years and three months. These campaigns got the Ottoman empire   most of the Middle East, portions of North Africa, and even as far west as Algeria.

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-He's a possible descendant of Genghis Khan through his mother
-He was a patron of the arts who enjoyed poetry
-Brilliant goldsmith
-Was a Muslim ruler

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By: Colin Mastalir, Kim Palacios, Lilly Rozansky, and Andrew Eliopoulos.

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By: Colin Mastalir, Kim Palacios, Lilly Rozansky, and Andrew Eliopoulos.

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Louis the XIV was an absolute monarch of France. He was born on September 5, 1638. He had a younger brother named Philippe. When Louis was around 22 years old, he finally assumed control of France. He stopped 11 civil wars by rebelling nobles. Louis also started many wars for trying to expand France's borders. Louis was mainly catholic and tried to  turn France into a Catholic country. Louis finally died of gangrene at the age of 76 in Versailles September 1, 1715.

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King Henry VIII of England was born on January 28, 1491. He was the second son of Henry VII. He had an older brother named Arthur who was first in line for the throne, but he died from an illness. Henry became the next in line for the throne and assumed power at 17. He died on January 28, 1547, his 56th birthday.

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Salman bin Abdulaziz is the king of Saudi Arabia. King Salman succeeded his half brother King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz on January 22, 2015. He is the son of King Abdulaziz bin Abdulrahman al Saud. He is one of the "Sudairi Seven," sons of King Abdulaziz that share the same mother and who have had the most power in the House of Saud. He has twelve sons and one daughter. His son Mohammad bin Salman Al Saud is the crown prince and serves as the deputy prime minister.

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- King of France for 72 years because he inherited the throne when he was four years old
- Louis XIV was a patronage of the arts and wanted a group of men in every area of activity
-Louis XIV nickname was the sun king
-Louis XIV considered himself Gods representative on earth.

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Frederick II, also known as Frederick the Great, was the king of Prussia from 1740-1786. He was a brilliant military campaigner who added substantially to Prussia's territories and military power. He was the son of Frederick I, though his father abhorred his artistic and intellectual tastes. Most historians believe that his rule was greatly influenced by his father's violent bullying.

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Born: December 31, 1935 (82 years old)
Full name: Salman bin Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman bin Faisal bin Turki bin Abdullah bin Mohammed bin Saud
Fact: He memorized the Quran by the age of 10
Fact: Under his rule, Riyadh went from an average town to one of the biggest cities in the Middle East
Fact: His dad had 36 sons and 9 daughters

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Peter the Great's full name is Pyotr Alekseyevich, and he was born in Moscow,Russia on June 19, 1672. In 1682, he ruled jointly with his brother Ivan V,  but when Ivan died in 1696, Peter was officially declared the Sovereign of all of Russia. Peter reigned for 42 years, and died at age fifty two on February 8th, 1725.

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Peter the Great was the tallest tsar standing at 6 foot 8. He built the first russian navy. He began as a co ruler at age 10. Peter founded the russian capital of St. Petersburg. Abandoned title of tsar for emperor.

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Peter the Great's goal was to create a powerful and prosperous state, in which every subject could contribute towards and was efficient and honestly administered. Based of enlightenment, Peter the Great modernized social and political systems in Russia.

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The reign of Louis XIV lasted way longer than that of any other known European sovereign. In that time, he transformed the monarchy, ushered in a golden age of art and literature, presided over a dazzling royal court at Versailles, annexed key territories, and established his country as the dominant European power. He was known as the sun king because he chose the sun as his personal symbol and was sometimes compared to Apollo, the Greek god of the sun.

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1.Ruled Prussia from 1740 until his death in 1786, longest rule of any Hohenzollern king.
2.Frederick II was born on January 24, 1712, in Berlin, Germany
3. Made the quote: "He who defends everything defends nothing."

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King Salman was able to establish an organization named KSRelief (also known as the King Salman Center for Relief and Humanitarian Aid) which helped victims of civil warfare and natural disasters. This program worked with the UN to help victims internationally and has implemented over 400 projects in 40 countries.
Salman was also able to settle many royal problems among the Al Saud family, and he owns a large part of the media/news in Saudi Arabia.

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By Ben Yaniv, Saylor Reinders and Lauren Binder

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By Ben Yaniv, Saylor Reinders and Lauren Binder

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Queen Elizabeth I was the queen of England and Ireland. She was born in Greenwich. She ruled from 1558 until 1603. Some of Elizabeth's titles were The Virgin Queen, Gloria and Good Queen Bess. She was Daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn and was one of the monarchs in the House of Tudor.

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Frederick II brought many new territories under Prussian control, and greatly increased the power of the Prussian military. He held the ideals of the importance of state and government over individual desires of the king, as well as religious tolerance, which spread around Europe as a result of his reign. Prussia thereafter became the strongest military influence in Europe and was increasingly involved in European politics.

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Catherine the Great was the empress of Russia. She was born in Prussia, but was led into Russian Royalty when she married Peter III. She became empress by organizing a coup that would force her childish husband, Peter III to step down from his ruling. During her reign, she was a skeptic of religion and attempted to make political reforms. She was extremely passionate towards culture and the arts.

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1. Her name was originally Sophie Friederike Auguste von Anhalt-Zerbst but she later changes it after being accepted by the Russian orthodox church.
2. She expanded Russia's borders and continued the process of westernization started by peter the great.

3. She ruled from 1762-1796 which makes her one of Russia’s longest reigning rulers.

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Catherine the Great impacted education and the arts. During her rule she expanded educational opportunities by establishing free schools around Russia. She also established boarding schools for orphaned and abandoned children. Catherine expanded the arts by sponsoring cultural projects and by having a theater built for opera and ballet.

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By: Taylor Gee, Madelyn Becker, and Maximo Jasso

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By: Taylor Gee, Madelyn Becker, and Maximo Jasso

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Maria Teresa was the only female ruler of the Hapsburg empire and was the sovereign of multiple nations including Austria and Croatia. She was appointed as monarch because she had no brothers. She fought in the seven years' war and centralized the government. she died in 1780 after falling ill at the age of 63.

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- born May 13, 1717, in Vienna, Austria
-Maria Teresa inherited her fathers thrown at the age of 23.
-She had 16 children, 11 daughters and 5 sons.
-She was given an army from Austria in the 7 Years war.
- Duke Frances Stephen married Maria Teresa
-She died at the age of 63 in 1780 in her palace in which she  reigned for 4 decades.

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-Crowned as Queen of England and Ireland on January 15, 1559; ruled for 44 years and 127 days
-Ninth longest reigning British Monarch
-Her mother was publicly executed
-Before Becoming the Queen, she was a political prisoner; imprisoned on charges of helping Wyatt's rebellion
-She never ended up getting married

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Maria Theresa left behind a centralized government and a strong family throne. She created yearly taxes to fund the government. She fought in the seven years' war against Frederick II, the king of Prussia. Maria implemented a mandatory elementary education throughout her empire based on the system in Prussia.

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-  Created his own branch of Catholicism and made the Church of England and declared himself the supreme leader so he could freely annul his marriage.
- Abolished monasteries because of the revenue they raised and any future use of the papacy of the system or the physical premises in a resurgence of the pope's influence.

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In 1559, Elizabeth changed the Church of England to Anglican Church. She set up a state Church that Catholic and Protestants both accepted. By doing this, Elizabeth brought religious peace to England. She also helped and supported the creation of art and literature during her reign.

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Natalie Martin, Donnie Livingston, David Ruiz, Fotini Argyris

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By: Brianna Butler, Sawyer Kupbens, Alexander Swanson

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By: Brianna Butler, Sawyer Kupbens, Alexander Swanson

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Nelson Hawkins, Jacob Batio, Natalie Reyes, and Audrey Boyce

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Keegan Dyer, Elle Brough, Fox Vasquez, Aaron Lee

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-Music was Henry’s great passion and had great musical talent. The king was a competent player of various keyboards, strings, and wind instruments and numerous accounts attest to the quality of his own compositions.

-To print more currency, Henry lowered the cost of making coins by having only the outside be silver and the middle be made of copper. The silver would wear down mostly on the king's nose. This revealed the copper underneath giving the king the name, Old Coppernose.

-In his early life, Henry was very fit with a waist line of 34-36. His health declined to what he looks like in most pictures. His waist grew to about 58-60 inches and he weighed about 400 pounds

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By: Dylan Roskind, Alexia Wong, Jarett Nishikawa 

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By: Dylan Roskind, Alexia Wong, Jarett Nishikawa 