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Laws created through the opinion of judges

EX. separate but equal (plessy v. ferguson)

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Laws created by the legislative branch

EX. voting act rights 1965

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is a principle or rule established in a previous legal case that is either binding on or persuasive for a court or other tribunal when deciding subsequent cases with similar issues or facts

EX.  the legal decision in Brown v. Board of Education guiding future laws about desegregation.

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the official power to make legal decisions and judgments

EX. police jurisdiction over areas

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To protect people from harming one another

EX. theft, arson, robbery

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A law created by the constitution

EX. No Poll tax (24th amendment)

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an act or omission that gives rise to injury or harm to another and amounts to a civil wrong for which courts impose liability

EX. throwing a punch in a fight is intentionally engaging in destructive behavior

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the system of law concerned with private relations between members of a community rather than criminal, military, or religious affairs.

EX. Family law

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the body of law that regulates the operation and procedures of government agencies.

EX. Airport security

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refers to the relative number of prisoners who, after being released, return to prison or jail because they have committed another crime

EX.  Probationers' recidivism rate is significantly higher than the general crime rate.

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refers to the rules of procedural law that consists of both hearing and determining cases in criminal proceedings, civil lawsuits or administrative proceedings by constitutional courts.

EX.Miranda v. Arizona (1966)

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is the power of a higher court to review decisions and change outcomes of decisions of lower courts.

EX. they exercises AJ over appeals from state supreme courts if those appeals involve constitutional questions.

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is the power to hear a case for the first time, as opposed to appellate jurisdiction, when a higher court has the power to review a lower court's decision.

EX.  a case is the 1998 case of State of New Jersey v. State of New York.

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a constitutional right to reject a decision or proposal made by a law-making body.

EX. President George W. Bush refusing to sign the State Children's Health Insurance bill.

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a permanent committee that meets regularly.

EX. the Appropriations Committees recommend legislation to provide budget authority for federal agencies and programs.

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a group of people that seeks to influence public policy on the basis of a particular common interest or concern.

EX. National Association of Manufacturers (NAM)

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an indirect veto of a legislative bill by the president or a governor by retaining the bill unsigned until it is too late for it to be dealt with during the legislative session.

EX. when a bill fails to become law because the president does not sign the bill and cannot return the bill to Congress within a 10-day period because Congress is not in session

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a person who takes part in an organized attempt to influence legislators

EX. ACLU

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a member of a constituency
EX. voter, elector

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is a committee of the United States Congress appointed by the House of Representatives and Senate to resolve disagreements on a particular bill

EX. when the house and senate don't agree

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a procedure for ending a debate and taking a vote.

EX.When 60 Senators vote to stop(clot) a filibuster

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an action such as a prolonged speech that obstructs progress in a legislative assembly while not technically contravening the required procedures.

EX. When a senator tries to prevent a vote by talking as long as possible during the debate