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The sun is a star that is located in the middle of the solar system. Its light takes about 8 minutes to reach earth.

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The sun is a ball of gas that has no solid surface. It is made up of (approx) hydrogen (73%) Helium (25%) and smaller amounts of oxygen, carbon, neon and iron.

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Eventually the sun will expand so that it will engulf Mercury, Venus, and Earth, but that will only happen when all the hydrogen has been burnt, and then it will burn for 130 million more years, and during that time, it will expand.

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The sun is definitely not big enough to go supernova, or even close enough, and even if it did, it would totally defy the laws of physics. For a star to go supernova, the mass has to be bigger than eight solar masses. A supernova is a vicious explosion that is almost the same as a few octillion nuclear warheads, and those aren't very good for anyone. An explosion that large creates enormous amounts of energy - the same amount the sun makes over its entire lifetime, which is not very good for our ozone. Scientists predict that if a star less than fifty light years exploded, it would damage our ozone layer, and the sun is approximately 8.3 light minutes from earth. If an explosion did happen, there would be no way to escape. The earth would heat away the surface at hundreds of meters per second, and even people on the night side would be affected a lot as well, and earth would heat up so badly, far worse than what any human could ever handle. It could heat up to temperatures 15 times what the sun currently is. It is theorized that earth would only take a few days to vaporize. With new technology, we could escape to pluto, and it would take roughly ten years, but we still wouldn't survive as it would be having the same problems as earth, heating up to temperatures hotter than the surface of the sun.

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The temperature in the core of the sun is about 27 million degrees Fahrenheit or 15 million degrees Celsius, and inside the core there is ‘gravitational forces’ that make great amounts of pressure and high temperatures. A process called nuclear fusion also takes place in the core, and is when hydrogen atoms ‘compress and fuse together’ to make helium (which is what the sun is mostly made up from, hydrogen and helium). The atoms break apart when heated up and change into particles, making them turn into plasma. This energy is carried into a ‘radiative zone’ and can bounce around in that zone for about a few thousand/ million years, and then they travel to the surface according to Sten Odenwald - N A S A. Half of the sun's hydrogen in the core has already converted into helium, and it is always fusing hydrogen into helium. The hydrogen will not run out for about another 5 billion years. In the convection zone of the sun's core, which is the outermost layer of the core, elements heavier than helium form. The convection zone appears darker or more opaque due to the temperatures being cool enough so that atoms can hold their electrons, and  have enough energy to do so because of the temperatures. This also causes the plasma to boil from convection, and it also traps heat.

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A  NASA mission, IRIS ( Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph ), has given scientists a better insight into how the sun works and its atmosphere, and how it is heated a lot more than the surface. Also about what causes the solar wind, and how particles power solar flares. With this new information, it can help with infrastructure both on earth and also space. It has also helped with finding heat pockets in the solar atmosphere, and it is the lowest that any other spacecraft has ever gotten results. The heat pockets they found were about 200,00 degrees Fahrenheit (111093.333 degrees Celsius). These heat pockets release a lot of energy in a short amount of time, so they are also referred to as ‘solar heat bombs’. These can help towards learning about the heating of the solar atmosphere. The IRIS also found things in the solar active regions that looked like mini tornadoes. They are all over the chromosphere and in the layer in the sun just above the surface, and can move up to speeds of 12 miles per second.

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When combining two hydrogen atoms, you make water, the key for life, but combining four hydrogen atoms is a detrimental idea, and can clear islands, like it it did on Elugelab, the now non existent island in the pacific. Nuclear fusion is the power for hydrogen bombs, and it is happening in the core of the sun. This is also the reason the sun makes radiation in the form of light and heat. Fusion makes great amounts of energy, but ‘you have to give a lot to get a lot’. The sun has more gravity than we do meaning that it doesn't need any more energy to be put in, unlike on earth.

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A nuclear bomb is a weapon that lets off a lot of energy that is an explosion. It can also be known as a nuclear weapon or a nuke. These are highly deadly and can destroy cities and most of the people in those cities, if not all of them, and can also make people very, very sick. During WW2, the U.S built nuclear weapons, and were used to drop on cities in Japan, and were the only times bombs have been used in war. China, France, United Kingdom, India, Israel, North Korea, and Pakistan all have nuclear weapons, but Russia and U.S have the most.

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During WW2, Germany had surrendered by the time the first bomb had been made, Japan did not surrender, but had been defeated. To many soldiers would die if they invaded Japan, so they decided against the idea of invasion and dropped the bomb instead. A bomb named Little Boy was dropped on to Hiroshima in Japan on August 6, 1945, killing tens of thousands of people and destroying the city. So that the plane had enough time to fly away so they didn't get killed, a parachute was attached to the bomb to slow it down.  Even after this, Japan would not surrender, so a few days later a bomb named Fat Man was dropped on Nagasaki, killing several more people. Almost a week later, Japan surrendered. J. Robert Oppenheimer was a lead scientist on creating these bombs, and is often called the father of the atomic bombs.

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https://space-facts.com/the-sun/

https://futurism.com/what-would-happen-if-the-sun-went-supernova-2

https://www.space.com/17170-what-is-the-sun-made-of.html

https://sservi.nasa.gov/articles/nasa-spacecraft-provides-new-information-about-suns-atmosphere/

https://www.businessinsider.com.au/we-will-never-have-sun-like-nuclear-fusion-2014-10?r=US&IR=T\

https://kids.kiddle.co/Nuclear_weapon

https://www.ducksters.com/history/world_war_ii/ww2_atomic_bomb.php

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_bombings_of_Hiroshima_and_Nagasaki