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French and Indian War

The French and Indian War look place between the American colonies and New France. Both sides allied with various Native American Tribes. This war lasted from 1754 to 1763. British troops not only helped the colonists to fight the war, but were stationed in the colonies for protection after the war. These troops weren't free and Britain needed money to pay for the troops. The British Parliament decided to tax the American colonies to help pay for the troops.

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Growing Unity Among the Colonies

The increased laws punishing the colonies did little to control the colonies as the British had hoped, but actually had the opposite effect. The laws caused the colonies to become more united against the British. Many colonies sent supplies to help Boston during the blockade. Also, more and more colonists throughout the Americas joined up with the Sons of Liberty.

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Boston Blockade

One of the Intolerable Acts was the Boston Port Act which shut down the port of Boston for trade. British ships blockaded Boston Harbor, punishing everyone who lived in Boston, both patriots and loyalists. This angered not only people in Boston, but also people in other colonies who were afraid the British would do the same thing to them.

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Taxes, Laws, and More Taxes

Prior to 1764, the British government had pretty much left the colonists alone to govern themselves. In 1764, they began to impose new laws and taxes. They implemented a number of laws including the Sugar Act, Currency Act, Quartering Act, and the Stamp Act.

The colonists were not happy with the new taxes. They said they should not have to pay British taxes because they had no representatives in the British Parliament. Their motto became "No Taxation Without Representation."

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Protests in Boston

Many colonists began to protest against these new British taxes and laws. A group called the Sons of Liberty formed in 1765 in Boston and soon spread throughout the colonies. During one protest in Boston, a fight broke out and several colonists were shot and killed. This incident became known as the Boston Massacre.

In 1773, the British imposed a new tax on tea. Several patriots in Boston protested this act by boarding ships in Boston harbor and dumping their tea into the water. This protest became known as the Boston Tea Party.

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Royal Colonies- established through a written agreement between the King and the colony, it had a governor which was appointed by a King- Georgia, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, New Jersey, New York.

Proprietary Colonies- Proprietary Colonies were established in
territories which had been granted by the English Crown to one, or more,
proprietors who had full governing rights

Charter Colonies- Charter Colonies were generally self governed,
and their charters were granted to the colonists as opposed to proprietors

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Stamp Act, Boston Tea Party, Gaspée Affair, The Intolerable Acts, First Continental Congress

Battle of Lexington and Concord,

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11 Why was the declaration of the independence a revolutionary documentary

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11 Why was the declaration of the independence a revolutionary documentary

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called for a country whose government was founded on:
principles of human liberty and
consent of the governed

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Samuel Adams, John Adams,John Hancock, John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, James Madison, Patrick Henry and George Washington

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is a promise among the signers, to “mutually pledge to each other our Lives, our Fortunes, and our Sacred Honor,” and many of them and their fellow patriots did in fact sacrifice their lives and fortunes in service to our country. No loss of life or money could ever diminish the honor of these heroes, and it is that honor that we celebrate today.

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The Declaration of Independence was written on July 4, 1776

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13 colonies were declaring independence;  Delaware, Pennsylvania,Massachusetts Bay Colony , Maine, New Jersey, Georgia, Connecticut, Maryland, South Carolina,New Hampshire, Virginia, New York, North Carolina, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations.

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The document was drafted by a committee made up of John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, Roger Sherman, and Robert Livingston

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Unalienable rights are rights that they cannot be taken away or denied. For example liberty.

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Who were the editors of the Declaration?

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Who were the editors of the Declaration?

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On this day in 1776, the Continental Congress selects Thomas Jefferson of Virginia, John Adams of Massachusetts, Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania, Roger Sherman of Connecticut and Robert R. Livingston of New York to draft a declaration of independence

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Usurpation means taking someone's power or property by force. despotism the exercise of absolute power, especially in a cruel and oppressive way.

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Thomas Jefferson of Virginia, John Adams of Massachusetts, Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania, Roger Sherman of Connecticut and Robert R. Livingston of New York

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He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their Public Records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures.
He has refused for a long time, after such dissolutions, to cause others to be elected, whereby the Legislative Powers, incapable of Annihilation, have returned to the People at large for their exercise; the State remaining in the mean time exposed to all the dangers of invasion from without, and convulsions within.
He has obstructed the Administration of Justice by refusing his Assent to Laws for establishing Judiciary Powers.
He has affected to render the Military independent of and superior to the Civil Power.
He has endeavoured to prevent the population of these States; for that purpose obstructing the Laws for Naturalization of Foreigners; refusing to pass others to encourage their migrations hither, and raising the conditions of new Appropriations of Lands.

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I think that is is just saying that after all that has been said in the Declaration we shall all be loyal and live by the law of the land.

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What 5 interesting facts stand out to you?

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What 5 interesting facts stand out to you?

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The only signer of the Declaration of Independence to survive beyond the 50th anniversary of the signing was Charles Carroll of Maryland. Carroll died in 1832 when he was 95 years old.

Nine of the signers of the Declaration died before the American Revolution ended in 1783.

In the summer of 1776, when the Declaration was signed, the population of the nation is estimated to have been about 2.5 million. (Today the population of the U.S. is more than 300 million.)

Robert Livingston, one of the members of the committee who wrote the Declaration of Independence, never signed it. He believed that it was too soon to declare independence and therefore refused to sign.

When writing the first draft of the Declaration, Jefferson primarily drew upon two sources: his own draft of a preamble to the Virginia Constitution and George Mason’s draft of Virginia’s Declaration of Rights.

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Great Britain
Strengths:
Britain had greater naval power and hundreds of warships
Britain had great wealth to buy supplies and pay soldiers and mercenaries
Weaknesses:
British generals were inferior and over confident
Britain's government was preoccupied with problems with Ireland .
Strengths ( American Colonies)
The colonists were fighting a defensive war on their own territory.
Americans used guerrilla tactics to harass and delay the British
Weaknesses:
The colonies 'governments were badly organized and never used their full capabilities against the British.
Americans had limited military supplies. Colonists were forced to tear down statues of the king to make bullets

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Include 2 things you have learned from John Adams.

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Include 2 things you have learned from John Adams.

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His goal was to keep the union together
John Adams was elected as representative of Massachusetts to the First Continental Congress. The Continental Congress was a convention of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies which became the governing body of U.S. during the American Revolution. Adams was an influential member of the congress and argued in favor of permanent separation from Britain. In 1775, he nominated George Washington to serve as commander of the Continental Army in the American Revolutionary War.

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Explain what the Articles of Confederation were.  Address how Shay’s Rebellion showed how weak the Articles were and what were the weaknesses

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Explain what the Articles of Confederation were.  Address how Shay’s Rebellion showed how weak the Articles were and what were the weaknesses

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The colonies knew they needed some form of official government that united the thirteen colonies. They wanted to have written down rules that all the states agreed to. The Articles allowed the Congress to do things like raise an army, be able to create laws, and print money
1. The national government had no power to tax
2. No chief executive
3. No national courts
4. The national government could not regulate interstate and foreign commerce
5. 9 of 13 states needed for major laws
6. Military forces "donated" by States
7. Irregular attendance of delegates
8. Could not be amended without unanimous agreement