# data[].attributes.body
"Do as you will," was the fashion motto of the early 1970s. The ideal of the hippies, "we are all equal," set the tone for unisex and folklore looks. Hand-made was in, from batik shirts, knitted shawls, and crocheted caps, to pullover sweaters of hand-spun sheep's wool. Under-statement was cool and second-hand duds were no longer for the needy alone. The brassiere itself fell victim to the general liberation from all restraints. Feminists spoke of the "liberated bosom." Directions from high fashion were lacking; even the Parisian designers found themselves in a crisis. Fashion had to be multifarious, uncomplicated, original, and individual, and the hem length varied between mini, midi, and maxi according to whim and mood. Modern romanticism-the nostalgia wave-lent mini-dresses (still fashionable up to 1973), wraparound tops, wing and flounce sleeves, and bell skirts. Hair was long and softly waved or rolled into corkscrew curls. False eyelashes or painted-on lines magically conjured star-eyes.

Hardly any other fashion created as big a sensation as hot pants in 1971-1972. They were not only worn as super short summer shorts, but also intended for winter with thick wool socks. Hot pants were offset by the beloved maxi coats and high platform shoes. Pants of all kinds provided a relief from the length disputes. There were tight knee-length caddy pants, broad gauchos, knickers, culottes, harem pants, ankle-length drain-pipe trousers, wide Marlene Dietrich trousers, and-still up to 1974-wide bell bottoms. Jeans became the universal clothing, crossing all class and age boundaries. Jackets, pullovers, vests, and T-shirts clung tightly to the body. Pullover sweaters featured witty motifs like trees, houses, or cars. Maxi length party clothes (evening clothes were out) had bold patterns such as Vasarely graphics, pop-art, or Hundertwasser images.

After 1974, a series of looks followed without constituting a single unified style. In 1975 there were caftans and the Chinese look with short quilted jackets. In 1976 the Middle Eastern look dominated, with tunics over harem pants, and, later, the layered look. A master of the folklore mixture was the Japanese designer Kenzo (Takada), whose Parisian boutique "Jungle Jap," had a decided influence. Mainstream fashion, on the other hand, was rather conservative, featuring the umbrella-pleated (or gored) skirt, which came to just below the knee.

In 1976 the fashion press euphorically reported on Yves Saint Laurent's collection "Ballets Russes-Opéra." It was an elegant peasant look with long, wide skirts of shimmering silk and bolero jackets in unexpected color combinations like red, lilac, orange, and pink, delicate sheer blouses with wide sleeves, and golden turbans.

Beginning in 1977, punk clothing exerted a strong influence on fashion for the next few years. The anti-bourgeois, "no-future" generation shocked with their brutal look: safety pins through cheeks and ear lobes, dog collars and razor blades as necklaces, diabolically made-up eyes, black lips, ripped jeans and T-shirts, torn fishnet stockings, and tough Doc Marten's boots. Their hair, in contrast to their gray and black get-ups, differentiated itself from the mainstream "normals" by its green and red highlights and its spiked (mohawk) styling. Insiders met at Vivienne Westwood and Malcolm McLaren's shop on King's Road, called "Sex" in 1974 and then, later, "Seditionaries" in 1978.

In 1978, the Parisian prêt-à-porter designers, above all Claude Montana, brought the military and punk look onto the runway. Broad "power" shoulders and oversized garments initiated a new fashion silhouette which would become the characteristic style of the 1980s.

The 1975 American book, Dress for Success by John T. Molloy, gave the exile from hippie culture tips on how to market himself with the right clothes, on the power of the white shirt, on how to interpret the codes of tie patterns, and how make it in "big business." Two years later, in 1977, Molloy's sequel followed, The Woman's Dress for Success Book.

# data[].attributes.body
jerimia was a bull frog

# data[].attributes.body
The world we live in.
It's so wondrous, mysterious,
even magical.
No. No, not that world.
I meant this one.
The smartphone.
Each system and program and app
is its own little planet of perfect technology,
all providing services so necessary,
so crucial, so unbelievably profound.
Look who just sent me a text.
Addie McAllister?
Must be a mistake. Or a joke. Or a scam.
Don't send her your Social Security number.
Dude.
She's right there.
That's our user, Alex.
And, like every freshman in high school,
his whole life, everything, revolves around his phone.
And, as the pace of life gets faster and faster...
Phones down in five.
And attention spans get shorter and shorter and...
You're probably not even listening to me right now.
Who has the time to type out actual words?
And that's where we come in,
the most important invention in the history of communication...
Emojis.
That's my home.
Textopolis.
Here, each of us does one thing,
and we have to nail it every time.
The Christmas Tree just has to
stand there all festive.
Merry Christmas.
It's still September, Tim.
The Princesses...
I am so pretty.
They just got to wear their crowns and keep their hair combed.
You guys, we are so pretty.
Devil, Poop, Thumbs Up.
They just show up, and they're good to go.
But for the faces, the pressure is on.
Crier always has to cry, even if he's just won the lottery.
Hooray! I'm a billionaire!
The Laugher is always laughing,
even if he's just broken his arm.
I can see the bone!
Now, me, I'm a Meh.
So I got to be totally over it all the time,
you know, like, "Meh, who cares?"
Which is not as easy as it sounds.
Morning, Mrs. D. I see you have the little minis with you.
They're so cute.
That is so adorable, I can't take it!
Now I'll never get them to sleep.
Stick to your one face, weirdo.
No! No!
It's hard to always act blase,
when living in Textopolis is just so exciting.
Hello, good simians.
Those are some sharp attaches.
Yes, well, we have business to attend to.
What kind of business?
Monkey business.
I sounded British!
Meh. That was really good.
Meh. Meh. That was a great...
-Whatcha doing there, mate?
-Practicing.
Today is my first day on the phone.
Boy. I'm gonna be so meh.
What are you gonna do?
Me and the boys are gonna throw ourselves on the barbie!
Here's my sauce now.
G'day, mate.
Hey. Konnichiwa.
Sorry, emoticons!
I hate knocking over the elderly.
Here, let me help, let me help.
My colon!
Is that the time?
Hey, my eyes are up here, pal.
Yeah! All right!
Right on time.
So, last week,
Alex sends me next to this guy.
That kid! Where does he get this stuff?
Why are you laughing, freak?
Now, unlike me, my parents are total pros.
Gene, please tell me you weren't laughing just now.
In public.
He was. I remember.
Let's go somewhere more private.
I have some bad news, Gene.
And I'm afraid you'll have the wrong reaction.
Okay. What's the wrong reaction?
Anything other than "meh."
Come on. I don't want to be late.
I'm not letting you go to work today.
Wait, what?
You're just not ready, son.
Come on! Working in the cube is an emoji's whole purpose in life.
Everybody my age is working on the phone except for me.
Sweetie, that's not true.
Yeah! I'm gonna work on the phone, and I'm only 10.
That's because I believe in you.
Should we wash our hands?
No, no, no.
We're number two!
We're number two! We're number two!
See?
I... I know I'm different, okay?
But when I need to, I can be meh.
I just...
I want to be a working emoji, you know, like...
Like everybody else, and then...
Then I would finally fit in, you know?
You fit in, honey.
No, I don't, Mom.
I never have.
But I can change all that if you'd just let me. Just give me a chance.
But what if you get sent out on the phone, making the wrong face?
No, Dad, I'll make the right face.
Look.
Meh...
You're so handsome when you make that face.
I think he's ready, Mel.
Meh.
Come on, Dad.
Let me prove it to you.
If you really think you're ready.
I am! Yes! Yes. I promise, I won't let you down.
Stop.
Congratulations, everyone!
What an exciting day for all of you.
It's really her.
Pizza!
Hey!
Your first day on the job.
Hi. Hi.
Don't be nervous. I won't bite. Hi. I'm Smiler.
Don't touch me.
Hi!
Okay.
I mean, hey.
As you know, I'm Smiler.
I am the system supervisor here
because I was the original emoji.
Here's how it works.
It's nothing fancy.
Wait a minute. It's really fancy!
You each have your own cube on the emoji bar.
If Alex chooses you,
should you be so lucky, your cube will light up.
It's showtime.
The scanner will scan you,
and that scan will get sent right up to Alex's text box.
And let me tell you, guys,
there is nothing like getting scanned for the first time.
You're gonna love it. Really.
Now, over here is the favorites section
where you'll find all the most popular emojis.
And, of course, you'll find my cube here.
You are smooth.
Just doing my duty.
What? What did I say?
Rocket looking to party.
Come on, tell me you aren't just a little bit tempted.
Steven, for the last time,
I don't want to buy a time-share.
Come on, man, it's Hi-5. You know me, I'm a favorite.
Alex hasn't picked you in weeks.
And if he stops picking you, you're no longer a favorite.
It's got to be some sort of mistake.
I mean, look at me, I'm an attractive hand giving a high five.
Fist Bump. Come on in.
Hey.
Fist Bump? He's a knucklehead. Literally.
Look at him. I can look like that.
Cramp. Huge mistake.
Help. Help me. Help up the hand.
There you go.
Thanks, mate.
Hey, little Meh, how about you create a distraction,
and then I'll just slip under the rope?
Is someone lost?
Smiler, hi. Just leaving.
Yeah, you know, just killing time
before I go back to my cube in the far corner
where Alex can't even see me anymore!
You may not be a favorite anymore,
but you will always have a place in the cube.
Yeah, in the nosebleeds.
I'm standing right here. Words hurt.
The most important thing I can tell you is to just be yourself.
Blah.
I was made to be happy, so I am always smiling.
Places, please. Emojis to your cubes.
Attention. We've got incoming.
Got to be meh. Got to be meh.
My gosh, my own cube.
I can't believe it. I could put a plant over here.
And over here could go an inspirational calendar.
Okay. Got to be meh. Got to be meh.
Look at our son down there.
I'm just beaming
with pride.
You don't think he'll actually get picked, do you?
Hie-ro-gly-phics.
Hieroglyphics was an ancient language of picture forms.
Does that remind anyone of anything?
Hello? A language of pictures. Anyone?
Early hieroglyphs date back as far as 3,300...
I got to reply to Addie's text.
What should I write?
Nothing.
Words aren't cool.
Okay. Be cool. Be cool.
All right, Alex is not sure how he wants to play this.
I would really love it to be me.
Beam me up! Beam me up!
I need Thumbs Up on standby.
Yeah! Thumbs Up is going in!
Wait! Alex is changing his mind.
He's moving.
Okay. Looks like it's gonna be Meh.
I'm so nervous, I could almost shrug.
We are go for Meh.
Initiating scan.
Okay. You can do this.
I can't do this! I can't do it!
What is this?
Stop the scan!
I can't! It's too late!
Meh, meh, meh, meh. My goodness, I'm freaking out!
What's he doing?
He's making the wrong face!
Good for him! Little... Wait, what?
Be meh! Be meh! Be meh!
Abort! Abort!
Shut it down! Shut it down!
What is that emoji?
Wrong emoji sent! Evacuate the Meh cube!
Evacuate the cube!
I got to get out of here.
Get that bozo out of there!
I'm trying!
No!
My God.
The humanity.
Medic.
Sorry, everybody. That was not what I meant to do.
I kinda...
I kinda panicked.
Are you even a Meh at all?
Course he is.
He's my spitting image.
If you have expressions other than meh,
what you are is a malfunction.
Malfunction?
No! I can be meh. Just give me one more chance.
That's not gonna happen.
You know what would be really fun?
A board meeting.
Where we could figure out what to do with you!
I knew there was something wrong with him.
A malfunction?
What's gonna happen to him?
He can't work on the phone.
What would Alex think?
What do his parents think?
I just wanted to be useful, you know? Fit in.
Now everybody thinks I'm a malfunction.
I am a malfunction.
Even if you are a malfunction, Gene,
your mom and dad still love ya.
I knew you weren't ready.
Let's get you out of here and take you home.
One day, all this will blow over,
and everyone will almost forget about what you did.
Until then,
you should probably stay locked up in the apartment.
Wait. You want to hide me away?
You're embarrassed of me.
It's for your own safety.
We're trying to protect you, son.
Gene? Where are you going?
I'm not gonna run away from this.
I'm an emoji, and even though I'm not sure exactly which one,
I've got to have some sort of purpose here.
I know it.
Gene, no.
Sweetie, please.
Boy.
A malfunction...
Order! Order!
The motion is carried.
So, how'd it go, Gavel?
Hey, Light Bulb, tell me what's going on in there.
What? Poop, what is it?
Tell me, turd. Tell me true. What happened?
I know it was an accident. We all have accidents.
You're so soft, Poop.
Not too soft, I hope.
Gene!
We were just gonna come looking for you.
Why don't you come inside the boardroom,
and we can have a teeny, weeny chat.
Um, I came up here to defend myself, but you seem pretty happy.
So, good news?
Right. I'm always happy.
Right. Hashtag truth.
Well, the only thing that could ever make me unhappy
is if one of our emoji team made a mistake,
which caused Alex to lose faith in the phone.
And then our whole world gets wiped out.
Smiler, I double-pinky-swear promise to you
that I will never, ever make a mistake in the cube again.
We know you won't, Gene.
We know you won't.
You know, the first time you said it,
it sounded genuine, but then you repeated it,
and then, that was weird.
That's because we're setting you up
with our best Anti-Virus Bots.
So, they'll like... They'll just... They're gonna fix me?
Actually, delete you. But yes!
If you get deleted,
you don't have to worry about
what your purpose is or the future
or why you're such a malfunction.
'Cause you're deleted, right?
All right, good talk.
Bots!
No!
Don't let him escape!
Party time! Wait a minute...
The air is better here.
Beer, Tea.
I'm Coffee!
Sorry. Sheesh. So edgy.
My old cube.
Take a hike, Mike.
-My name's not Mike.
-What?
There's AV Bots coming!
For me?
Just because I'm in the wrong section?
Holy deleto!
What do we do?
Quick! This way!
Let's go.
Don't tell anyone you're about to see this.
They'll never find us down here.
Where are we? The basement?
No. Welcome to the Loser Lounge,
where the emojis who never get used hang out.
Go fish, Fish Cake With Swirl.
Sweep so you won't cry. Sweep so you won't cry.
Sweep so you won't cry.
I almost got deleted.
Me, Hi-5.
Hey. What's up, Hi-5?
They weren't trying to delete you. They were trying to delete me.
You? What's so important about you
they'd send out an entire team of Bots?
They say I'm a malfunction.
You bringing malfunctions in here now, Hi-5?
For crying out loud, Abandoned Luggage,
that had better not be my leftover Chinese food.
What Chinese food?
Do you have any idea what it's like
to be living large, hashtag blessed,
the favorite of the favorites, and then demoted to this pit of despair?
Here, will you hit my calluses for me?
At least you're a working emoji.
That's all I ever wanted.
Well, if that's all it'll take
for you to be satisfied, then just find a hacker and get reprogrammed.
It's not that complicated.
Where would I find a hacker?
In the Piracy app. Duh.
Who took my clear nail polish?
Piracy app?
To get there, I mean, I'd have to leave Textopolis.
So? I've done it. Would you be a brother?
One of the Princess emojis left the phone altogether.
Now she lives on the cloud.
That is good.
I'm sure the hacker that helped her do that could easily reprogram you.
The name's Jailbreak.
Jailbreak?
That's great! Reprogrammed.
I just need to be reprogrammed,
and then, I can finally be the Meh I was meh to be.
Help me find that hacker, Hi-5. Will you? Please?
Maybe this hacker could help you, too.
Like rewrite some code, get you into the favorites section.
Wait a minute.
I've been trying to use my charisma
and sense of entitlement to get me back on top,
but all I need is a hacker.
Today's your lucky day. Let's roll.
Hey, can I come, too?
Talk to the hand, Red Wagon.
I thought I was.
Bye, Felicia.
Ciao, Fish Cake with Swirl.
Daddy's heading back to the VIPs where he belongs!
Wait. What about the Bots?
Good point. Good point.
Ouch!
Hey.
I shouldn't have picked the cactus.
I just... I shouldn't have picked it.
You didn't even try to get the tree.
It's baffling. Let's go.
Hi-5?
Hello?
Hi-5?
Where are you?
I'm right here!
Gene!
Here we are, end of the text app.
No way.
Come on, Gene. It's perfectly safe.
Gene, help me!
The wallpaper monster's got me!
No! Hold on, hold on!
Hi-5!
No. This is all my fault! I'm so sorry, Hi-5! I'm...
I'm just messing with you.
It's one of those rubber finger-monster puppets
from the '80s. I collected the whole set.
All right, you coming?
What do I do?
What do you mean?
Just take a step through the other side.
This is it.
The next time I come back here,
I'll be a real Meh.
Hi-5?
No!
Are you finished?
Where are we?
Welcome to the Wallpaper.
This place is incredible.
Each app is its own unique world.
That's my face. You're on my... Thank you.
What is this place?
WeChat.
It's like a whole other world.
It is.
What are they?
They're Bubble Pups. They might be cute, but, man, are they clingy.
Whee!
They're stickers, Gene.
Try to get with the program.
This is so cool.
Wait. What's in that one?
-Guys, look at this picture.
-Look at my baby.
This is what I ate for breakfast.
-This is what I ate for lunch!
-Here's me on a hike!
Here's me in the gym! Here's me in the bathroom!
Everybody's talking about themselves.
How does he know so many people?
None of these people know him, but they like him,
and that's what matters in this life, popularity.
I...
I think I'd...
I think I'd rather just have a real friend.
A real friend? How's that gonna get you anywhere?
What you need are fans.
They give you complete and unrelenting support.
As long as you're on top.
Poor Gene. I blame myself.
I blame you, too.
I just wanted to be supportive.
You just wanted a vacation.
You take that back, Mel Meh.
Bots.
If they haven't found Gene by now, he must have skipped town.
You mean the Wallpaper?
Our boy's on the run.
How about we find him ourselves?
Yeah, for sure.
Tell all Bots to follow those Mehs.
I'm sure they'll know all the
freaky-deaky apps Gene will hide out in.
I'm really good at making plans, you guys.
Right?
Here we are. The Piracy app.
This is where we'll find Jailbreak.
Um... But this is the Dictionary.
That's just what Alex wants his parents to think.
This is called a skin.
Really? What could a teenage boy
possibly want to hide from his parents?
Just try to keep up. This place can get a little rough.
Ahoy, mateys.
Look who's back!
Hi-5!
I'm a bit of a celebrity here. Always welcome.!
Loser!
Come on. Follow me.
Great. Emojis.
I thought the conversation just got dumber.
Internet trolls. Just ignore them.
Eventually, they'll get a job or a girlfriend
or some sort of purpose in life, and they'll stop.
Virus. We'll just... We'll just walk over this way.
Hi! It's so great to see you again.
Do I know you?
It's Spam. Just sign here and I can get you special discounts on vitamins
and credit card offers that can save you up to 25%.
No, no, no, don't get sucked in.
Back off, Spam!
It's the only way to deal... Back off!
Thank you very much!
You can illegally download our CD right here.
Hey, Trojan Horse. How are you?
Yeah, what'll it be, hand?
I'll have a bottle of "Hack Daniel's."
Maybe with a plate of cheese and hackers?
You trying to find a hacker?
You can just ask, you know.
Sorry. Um, yes.
We're looking for a hacker named Jailbreak.
I know a guy that can hook you up.
Right over there.
He looks capable.
No, not him. Her.
Wait. He's a she?
Hey, Jailbreak.
Mind if we join you?
Yes.
That's the thing about the Internet, isn't it?
You can never tell if someone's being ironic or sincere.
I sincerely, unironically want you to go away.
That's a good one.
So, here's the thing. My friend Gene here has a little problem.
Well, see, I'm supposed to be a Meh,
but I don't really feel...
Right. Yeah, yeah, yeah.
No, that's good. And we thought
you could help, since you got the Princess,
you know, off the phone.
Not interested.
Hold up. That's not a Meh face.
Bots! They're after me!
How are you doing that?
Look, it's just something I can do. Can you help us?
Follow me.
Bots! Delete my history!
I corrupted the entire hard drive.
I made the most delicious cinnamon buns.
Maybe if there was something to, you know, jog my memory.
Come on! Move!
Hey, Trolls, why is that mailbox wearing a tuxedo?
Hi! It's so great to see you again! Call me!
This tunnel will get us out of here.
Move!
Did that cloud taste sweet to you?!
Help me! Help! I'm stuck!
Sweet motherboard!
Where am I?
Get me out of here.
Hey, Palm Face.
Try getting him out the top!
Already on it!
Hold tight, Gene.
This feels very odd, and it smells.
I mean, it smells good, it smells delicious, but I still don't like it.
The game obviously thinks you're a candy,
even though you're weirdly misshapen, you know?
What are we gonna do?
Stay very still.
Don't worry. We've got your back. Right, Hi-5?
Hey, Fingers! You want to focus?
For your information, I happen to have a sugar addiction,
and it's a very serious...
Listen, Finger Head!
We have to get Gene out of the game without blowing him up.
I don't want to blow up.
We have to match up the candies,
so that Gene will drop to the bottom.
And we can't match him with any yellows, or else...
Don't do that. Please don't do that.
Watch.
Match three in a row.
Don't blow Gene up. Got it.
And we have to be very careful.
-Yeah, yeah, yeah. Careful.
-Candy!
Watch it!
Hey!
No! No, no, no! Slow down.
Not the yellows! Not the yellows.
I said careful!
My mom just joined Facebook. Can you believe she wanted to friend me?
Hey, Addie, I was just wondering if you are...
Tasty.
What?
Um... Excuse me?
Sweet.
Hey, Addie!
Hi, Nikki.
See you later, Alex.
Sugar Crush.
So over this.
Wireless Wireless. How may I help you?
I'd like to make an appointment.
It's like this phone is playing games with me.
Hey, what does this do?
No!
Get me out of here!
No! Stop it! Stop, stop!
It's not working.
Well, there's one option left.
We line you up with the yellows.
But you said not to do that.
Special candies get transported to that jar.
The game might think you're a special candy.
And what if it doesn't think I'm a special candy?
Well...
Jailbreak, hello? Hello, Jailbreak?
Sorry.
What if it doesn't think I'm a special candy?
I'm not too worried about it.
Okay, just do it.
Gene!
Gene?
Hey. No!
Gene! You're alive!
You were trying to see if I had somehow
turned into candy, weren't you?
Yes, I was. And you have not.
Hey. Looks like something popped up on Alex's calendar.
I'm sure it's nothing.
Alex made an appointment at the phone store.
No!
Calm down, everyone!
Calm down.
Don't worry. Everything is fine.
Maybe Alex just wants to buy some accessories.
His appointment is with technical support.
Well, I'm sure we still have plenty of time to figure this out.
His appointment is for tomorrow.
Then maybe it's just for some routine maintenance.
Actually, it's to erase the phone.
Listen, Gene, I'm about to become your knight in shining armor.
You are?
Yeah.
But first, we need to get uploaded to the cloud.
That's where we'll find the source code to reprogram you.
The cloud?
Isn't that off the phone?
Ding, ding, ding, ding. You got it.
Yeah, the cloud. Off the phone.
We're in Candy Crush, obvs.
I know a shortcut to Just Dance,
which is right next to Dropbox,
where we can get uploaded to the cloud.
Of course. Just Dance, then boogie over to Dropbox,
catch the link, and zoom.
Hold up. Here's the stinker.
Before they let us into the cloud,
we have to get past this firewall.
The firewall uses face identification.
Yeah, the firewall.
Which is really annoying, because I've already tried to get through.
Guessed wrong once, and now I'm locked out for life.
Locked out for life?
You're thinking, 'cause I can make different faces,
the firewall will think I'm different emojis.
Yeah.
I wanted to say it 'cause it was my idea.
You know, women are always coming up with stuff
that men are taking credit for.
You know what...
Well, then let's hit the road.
Hi-5, you coming?
I'm coming!
Why do I always think I'm gonna come around on black licorice?
My precious.
Hey! Move it!
Certain death, here we come.
Let's try this one.
YouTube?
What a visual treat.
And I don't even need a remote.
That guy is so expressive.
He reminds me of Gene.
Yeah. Something really wrong with him.
Our son is a malfunction,
and you should never have let him go into that cube.
Don't blame me for this, Mel.
I am hopping mad at you.
See?
Mary, I think we're being followed.
But don't overreact.
I told you not to overreact.
What are you doing now?
They'll be in there for hours.
Mary, where are you going?
I think we should go our separate ways, Mel.
I thought I knew the Meh that I married,
but maybe I don't.
But, Mary...
This tunnel will help us avoid the Bots.
Thanks for helping us. It's really nice of you.
NBD, dude. The truth is, you're helping me.
Come on, let's move it. Why so slow?
Hi-5, stop. Why are you getting so close? What's with you? Back off.
Can't stop now. I'm having a sugar rush!
I'll go around you. If I stop moving, my heart's gonna explode!
Coming through, Jailbreak! Look out!
Hey! Watch it, Knuckle Butt!
I can't feel my face.
So, Jailbreak, back there you said I'm helping you.
I've been trying to get past that firewall for months.
Come on, come on!
The faster we get there, the faster I become a favorite!
Look at me!
I just want to bounce out of here,
get off the phone, and live on the cloud.
What just happened?
You don't like it here?
There's so many rules here. What is up with that?
The cloud is supposed to be amazing.
There's so much to see and do.
Sugar crash.
I can't hold on anymore.
Catch me, Gene. Catch me!
And you can be whoever you want.
Thanks.
You're free! Come on!
My gosh, my hands are sweating.
You are a hand!
Yeah!
You know, come to think of it, I don't really remember
there ever being a hacker emoji.
Um, you know, you're taking up too much of my brain space.
Let's keep the chitchat to a minimum.
Someone likes you.
What are you talking about?
This is just like when Peace Sign gave me just one finger.
I knew she was in love with me.
Let's go!
I'm never eating another piece of candy ever again.
Hi-5, don't do it.
Don't you do it. It's already been in there once.
Don't do it.
Are my fingers getting fat?
I'll tell you what, this bandage wasn't so tight before.
Okay. We get through this app, and Dropbox is right on the other side.
We just need to keep it super DL in here.
And no matter what, we can't turn it on.
OMG, this turned it on!
What? I'm a hand. It's a big, red button.
What's happening?
No, no, no, no, no!
Welcome to Just Dance!
Follow my moves and you get to move forward.
Do the wrong moves and you get an "X."
Three strikes and you're out.
Out? What does she mean by "Out"?
Digital death.
Thanks to you, Fingers. Now we're gonna have to dance our way out.
Which is all right with me, 'cause I can shake it like Michael.
Or Michael's glove, anyway.
Are you ready to dance?
This is bad, Gene. I can't dance. I got no groove.
Come on. Everybody can dance.
Not me, okay? I'm really stiff.
See? I can't... Don't understand.
Okay. No, no...
Stop, stop. She has to stop.
I see now what you are saying. Just follow her moves.
Ready to dance in three...
This I can't do.
Two...
Dude...
Just shut up and...
Dance!
It's too easy! Hee-hee! Shamone!
Jailbreak!
I got you.
Look. Just feel the music.
Express yourself.
Through dance?
Yeah, you got it! Go, girl!
Now throw some sauce on that dance burrito.
I'm doing it!
I'm fully nailing this dance!
You got it!
Great job! You're moving on to free dance!
Impress us with your moves to move forward.
More dancing?
You're killing it, Gene! Slay!
Nice! Shake it, Gene. You won't break it.
Wait a minute!
I've never seen that dance before.
What's it called?
Um... The Emoji Pop?
I love it!
What? You do?
Everybody, do the Emoji Pop!
Hoo!
Yes!
Princess.
You're the Princess emoji?
You never got off the phone.
Welcome, new players!
What?
Who?
No!
We got to go.
Don't worry.
They're robots. They can't dance.
Downloading funk protocol.
"Can't dance," he says.
Move!
Congratulations. You're a disco diva.
Hey, Alex, you gonna dance for us?
Alex, that's extra homework for you.
Hey, Alex, you gonna shake it?
No! No, no, no, no, no, no!
Alex must be deleting the app.
Watch out!
We got to get out of here.
Come on!
This song is my jam.
Hi-5, come on! Let's go!
Hurry!
Hi-5!
Gene!
I got you!
Gene...
Hi-5!
Gene.
Hey, wait. Where's Hi-5?
Alex trashed the app.
And Hi-5 right along with it.
Wait, what? Wait, trashed?
Hi-5 is in the trash?
He wanted to dance.
But I knew it was a bad idea.
We got to get him out of there.
Gene, Dropbox is right here. That's our ticket to the cloud.
And the trash is on the other side of the phone.
We don't know how many other Bots are out there.
I'm sorry.
No way. We can't go without Hi-5.
I don't care how far away it is.
That's my friend down there.
I'm not just gonna leave him to get deleted.
What? What is it?
I've always just thought you got to look out for number one.
Well, what good is it to be number one
if there aren't any other numbers?
Okay.
I'm sorry. This is my malfunction.
I just... I can't be meh about anything.
This is why I'm going to get reprogrammed.
Well, it's actually kind of cool.
Wait, really?
You know, I think I know a shortcut.
We can take the music streams in Spotify.
Let's go give that big hand a hand.
Come on.
Alex trashed the Just Dance app, and our Bots are offline,
and it's giving me a real headache.
I am so angry.
I really need to stay happy.
Can we please lighten the mood?
No one can resist una fiesta!
Not that happy.
We've only got four hours before Alex's phone appointment.
If they find a malfunction on the phone, we are all gonna be wiped.
Yeah.
She said, "Wiped."
Aim higher, Steven.
I didn't want to have to do this,
but it is fun to press buttons.
The illegal upgrade.
Now that makes me happy.
I just want to dance.
Dance, please.
Arr! Quiet, you sassy gypsy.
Where am I?
Hi! It's so great to see you again!
You're in the trash, Fingers for Brains.
Get away from me, Troll.
Hi!
It's so great to see you again!
I got to get out of here.
You can't.
And at the end of the day,
the trash gets emptied, and we're all gonna die!
No. No, no!
This is the last face you will ever see.
No!
This is Spotify?
Yep.
Every one of those streams is a different song.
Is it safe?
Yeah!
Are you sure this is a good idea?
Fastest way to the trash, dude!
Could we at least pick a calmer stream?
Okay, buzzkill.
Alex. A bunch of people are hitting the promenade.
I think Addie might be there, too.
That's perfect!
I have an appointment down there, anyway.
I've got to get this phone fixed.
Hey, bubble butt.
Yeah, you do.
Much better.
So, I got to ask.
Is it true that when a princess whistles,
birds fly down from the skies, and...
Hello, stereotype. That is a complete and total myth.
I'm sorry.
Did you realize that on the first emoji set,
a woman can either be a princess or a bride?
That's why I need to get to the cloud,
where you can be whoever you want to be.
Get ready. Whale song coming.
-Wait, wait. Whale what?
-A whale song.
From Alex's biology presentation.
You're not gonna see that sitting around in a cube.
It's funny. You want out of the cube, and I want in.
Gene, if that means you can't be yourself, what's the point?
You know, I think you're pretty cool just the way you are.
We're gonna need this.
In the trash? Me? I used to be somebody.
Here I am. Look. In an old e-mail Alex never sent.
"Addie, blah, blah, blah, blah, bla-la-la-la."
And then there's me, Hi-5,
right there, doing my job.
FYI, nobody cares about you.
Just leave me, Troll, and let me die
in this dump alone.
Let me look for the world's smallest violin in here,
so you can play it.
It's the Hand Angel of Mercy. She's finally come for me.
Give me your hand!
I mean, give me yourself.
Take my hand, angel.
I'm ready to take my place amongst the other great hands of the past.
It's me, Gene!
Gene?
I got him!
Take me with you.
Hi-5!
Let go of me.
Don't leave me down here!
You were wrong, Troll. People do care about me.
And I'm not upset, Troll.
Do you see how not upset I am?
Gene, you came back for me.
You saved me.
It wasn't just me. Jailbreak helped, too.
And she's a hugger. Give her a squeeze.
No, no, no.
There really is nothing greater
than the feeling of being truly free.
You filthy trolls, I inhaled your stench,
but I was once one of you, so I, too, feel your pain.
Now go. Be free!
Should be smooth sailing from here.
Gene.
Gene.
Gene?
Are you Instagramming?
Where is my Gene?
Mary.
You've really done it this time.
No, you haven't.
Mel?
What are you doing in Alex's trip to France album?
I was looking for you.
None of this is your fault, Mary.
It's mine.
What do you mean?
Is that a tear on your cheek?
It's my fault Gene is the way he is.
I have other expressions, too.
I think they've just been buried away.
But with Gene going missing and thinking I might have lost you, too...
Mel. Why didn't you tell me?
I didn't know myself.
Right now, I'm so overwhelmed with passionate feelings for you.
Mary, my love for you burns with the intensity
of a red-hot flame.
I like that, Mel.
Let's go find our son.
Together.
We'll always have Paris, Mary.
So, you're a princess.
I saw your little tiara. Very fancy.
Is it true when a princess whistles,
birds fly down from...
That's what I said!
No, guys! That's a stupid myth!
What software version are we living in?
Go read an e-book.
Educate yourselves.
Just look behind you.
What the...
What is that?
Smiler must have upgraded her Bots.
Let's get out of here before it...
Hi, Gene. Remember me? Smiler.
I'm coming to you live from the amphitheater.
Why don't you come back to Textopolis
and we can talk through our differences, okay?
My friend here will escort you, all right?
I'm gonna see you soon, buddy. Bye, now.
We're actually gonna delete him in front of everyone.
Psst! It's still on!
It's still what?
Jiminy Sassafras!
Move!
Separate!
Tangle him up!
Jailbreak!
Gene! This way!
It's still after me!
Let's go.
We have to make it to Dropbox.
Yes!
No!
Go low!
Don't worry. It can't get in.
It's illegal malware, and this app is secure.
Come on.
Welcome to Dropbox.
You are about to leave the phone.
Remain seated, please.
You might want to hang on.
Why do they call this Dropbox, anyway?
This is why! I see that now!
Yeah!
I think we're about to see that candy corn again!
We made it.
Hoo!
Guys, guys, chill. We still have to get past that.
Holy...
Yeah.
Hello.
Welcome to the firewall.
How may I help you?
All right, here goes.
What do I do?
Sit in the corner and don't say a word.
Keep those sausage fingers to yourself.
Yes, Your Majesty Princess of Nightmares!
Now, Gene, step onto the password icon,
and I'll feed you the passwords.
Okay.
Okay. 10-11-2002.
10-11-2002.
Access denied.
Okay, try a different expression.
Is it gonna blast me every time I mess up?
Yeah, kinda.
What do you mean, "Kinda"?
Ready?
Welcome to the firewall.
His favorite food. Chimichangas.
Chimichangas?
Access denied.
This might take a while.
Boy.
Krav Maga.
Krav Maga.
Major Lazer.
Major Lazer.
Abuela Dora!
Skate or die.
Access denied.
Denied.
I don't get it.
We've tried all the important things in Alex's life.
His favorite pet, sport, his favorite grandma.
I'm sorry, Gene.
I let us all down.
You know, if I had to come up with a password,
I'd probably use the name of a girl I liked.
I've been all over the phone.
He's never mentioned a girl.
Yes, he has.
Hi. When I was in the trash, I read a very interesting e-mail,
but I'm just the dunce in the corner, forbidden to speak.
What e-mail?
Sorry, what?
What e-mail?
To a girl at school.
He was declaring his feelings of love for her.
I guess instead of sending it, he tossed it in the trash.
Hi-5, this is very important.
What is her name?
Her name, yes. Excellent question.
It was Tina.
Karen.
Marge. Lindsey.
Alison.
Sarah or Lupita.
I want to say Lupita,
but that doesn't feel right now I'm saying it out loud.
Jennifer.
Got to find that e-mail.
Phillipa.
I think I can access the trash.
Annabelle.
-I got it! Addie!
-Yes!
Yes! That's it! Addie!
I knew I'd get there.
"Dear Addie, you and I, we're like diamonds in the sky.
"You're a shooting star I see,
"a vision of ecstasy.
"Shine bright like a diamond."
And he used a high five, see?
I guess now we know why he trashed it.
Shade.
Guys, should we try this?
Addie.
Access granted.
Snap.
This place is amazing.
The cloud.
I can't believe it.
One little emoji could sure get lost in a place like this.
I guess we should make you a Meh
before that Bot comes back?
So, we're gonna... We're gonna do that now?
We had a deal.
Right?
Yeah, okay. Right.
I, guess I'll start hacking.
We did it, Gene.
All our dreams are coming true.
I'll be an Alex favorite again, and you'll be a real Meh.
Yeah!
Yeah, but this all seems kind of super-fast now, though.
Doesn't it?
Hi-5, I just didn't expect to be having these feelings right now.
Well, maybe you should go and express them while you still can.
So, I've been... I mean, um...
Ever since we...
Jailbreak, you're the coolest, most interesting emoji I've ever met.
And after all the adventures that we had,
I'm just not sure I want all that to go away,
because my feelings right now are, like, huge.
I just think that they could be enough for me to want to stay the way I am.
If it means I could stay here with you.
Like, forever.
Forever and ever and ever.
Maybe longer than that even.
Like in the fairy tales.
Like, what is "? Is that a good "?
Gene, if this is about you deciding not to be meh,
then I am all about that.
I like you just the way you are.
But I had a plan.
Right.
I'm not just some princess, Gene, waiting for my prince.
I mean, what you said was beautiful, but...
Gene.
You're all meh.
The source code worked!
Turns out I didn't need it.
For the first time in my life, meh is all I feel.
No! Gene!
Hi. I have an appointment. I'm a little early.
No problem. I can take you right now.
Jailbreak!
Don't do that!
That freaky huge Bot has got Gene back inside the phone.
What?
He left looking more meh than the meh-est meh face I've ever seen.
What did you say to him?
It's what I didn't say.
We've got to go get him.
How are we gonna get in there in time before he gets deleted?
I can't believe I'm doing this.
You tell anyone you saw this, and I'll crack more than those knuckles.
Birds do love princesses!
It's not a myth.
It's not a myth at all!
What happened to becoming a favorite?
Guess I'd rather have one real friend.
And let's go get him.
I can't wait to see the look on Gene's face!
Look at that expression.
Is that for realizing you've put all of Textopolis at risk,
causing Alex to question our reliability?
Hey, that's going too far, even for me.
If we can delete this malfunction before his appointment,
they'll discover there's nothing wrong with the phone.
Any last words?
Meh.
Well, it's too late for that.
Delete him!
Wait.
You delete Gene, you'll have to delete me, too.
I have the same malfunction Gene does.
Dad?
Gosh, I don't know what to do.
Yes, I do.
Bot!
No!
Sorry, Mrs. Meh.
I did not see that one coming.
Smiler, I think you might be making
too much stink out of all this.
Really? How about you're next?
I was wrong, Gene.
I should've believed in you all along.
What a touching daddy-son reunion moment.
It reminds me of the time I deleted you both.
Wait. That's this time!
Delete the two malfunctions!
No.
How's that for an...
Great.
I can't reach!
No! What did you do to my beautiful...
My tooth.
Hand, button.
Jailbreak?
Gene.
You really are a Meh.
What happened to looking out for number one?
Being number one doesn't matter
if there aren't any other numbers.
Alex's appointment!
He's deleting the phone!
No, no, no!
Show me Alex.
Are you sure you want to delete everything?
Do it.
Red alert! Red alert!
Alex, no!
Game over.
Fellas, I'm afraid this is last call.
Dude, Addie's here. You should go over.
Every time I try, I screw it up.
I don't know how to tell her how I feel.
If we help Alex connect to Addie, maybe he won't delete us.
I might be able to bypass the wipe and get a text through to him.
But we'll only have time to send one.
Maybe I should go.
He has love in his eyes.
Send me. Alex looks nervous, too.
He's more shy than nervous.
Stop!
It's Gene.
He's all of those things.
An emoji should only be one thing.
Really?
The Princess!
Linda!
Not now, Mom!
Gene, you got this.
That's not me anymore.
But I have to try.
It's starting!
No, it's ending!
I'm working on it.
Mom? Dad?
No.
I'm in.
Last time I was in this cube, I screwed everything up.
Gene, why do you think I came back?
It's because of you.
Me?
It's all inside of you, Gene.
Just try to bring it back.
And do you.
Hi-5!
I don't want to wave good-bye.
It's now or never, Gene.
Jailbreak, now!
Check out this emoji.
No way.
Hey, I got your text.
That's one super-cool emoji.
I know, right?
A lot of feelings in one. I get it.
I like that you're one of those guys
who can actually express his feelings.
Yeah. That's me.
So, do you think you'd want to...
Yes.
I'd love to go to the dance with you.
Hey, excuse me.
We made it!
I could've lost you, Peter Pinkie.
Or you, Reggie Ring Finger.
Even you, Tiberius Thumb.
Change your mind?
Yeah, maybe it's weird, but...
I'm gonna hold on to it.
Gene, you did it!
You saved us all!
Mel.
Gene! Gene!
Gene! Gene! Gene!
Gene. Gene. Gene.
Gene! Gene! Gene! Gene!
Gene! Gene! Gene! Gene! Gene! Gene!
They love us! And Hi-5!
And Hi-5! And Hi-5! And Hi-5!
They love both of us!
Hey, what up, Gene? Slap me some skin.
And a little porridge for the pinkie.
Hey, Hi-5, save me a dance for later.
As long as you're not all hands again.
Back on top of the hand pile.
You're not on the list.
-Wait, what?
-What's going on?
From now on, everyone is welcome!
Wait, what is all this?
It's for you, Gene.
Everybody, the Emoji Pop!
This is jazzy.
Yeah.
Go, Eggplant! Go, Eggplant! Go, Eggplant!
We are out of Alex's pocket, emojis.
This is not a butt dial.
To your cubes.
-Are we up and running?
-Roger that.
Good, 'cause we got incoming. Looks like it's gonna be Gene.
Hey, Gene, ready to try out your new cube?
In three, two...

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# data[].attributes.body
The 70s hairstyles were born out of the hippie movement and leaned towards the natural look. Hair was long, frequently big and luxurious and the messy look was often acceptable. Headbands were often used as an accessory.

# data[].attributes.body
Setting the precedence for change and modernity, the youth counterculture movements of the 1960s allowed for fashion trends to flourish in the 1970’s. But unlike the in the 1960s, Americans in the 1970s took a step back from political movements, choosing instead to focus on themselves. Many have referred to this shift as a “return to normalcy”, giving the 1970s its nickname as the “Me” Decade.

# data[].attributes.body
Tight tops and loose-fitting bottoms defined fashion for both men and women during the latter half of the decade.

# data[].attributes.body
Chest hair, medallions, polyester, butterfly collars, bell bottoms, skin-tight t-shirts, sandals, leisure suits, flower patterned dress shirts, sideburns and, yes, tennis headbands.

There is one common theme throughout fashion in the 1970s: pants were tight fitting. And it is probably the first full decade in which women could be seen wearing pants in every walk of life.

It’s also hard to miss the fact that color almost completely disappeared by 1979. Earth tones, grays, whites and blacks were back in full force, as people had apparently tired of the super bright tones of the early 1970s.

# data[].attributes.body
Having been introduced in the previous decade, unisex clothing became the norm by the early 1970s.

The 1970s

"Do as you will," was the fashion motto of the early 1970s. The ideal of the hippies, "we are all equal," set the tone for unisex and folklore looks. Hand-made was in, from batik shirts, knitted shawls, and crocheted caps, to pullover sweaters of hand-spun sheep's wool. Under-statement was cool and second-hand duds were no longer for the needy alone. The brassiere itself fell victim to the general liberation from all restraints. Feminists spoke of the "liberated bosom." Directions from high fashion were lacking; even the Parisian designers found themselves in a crisis. Fashion had to be multifarious, uncomplicated, original, and individual, and the hem length varied between mini, midi, and maxi according to whim and mood. Modern romanticism-the nostalgia wave-lent mini-dresses (still fashionable up to 1973), wraparound tops, wing and flounce sleeves, and bell skirts. Hair was long and softly waved or rolled into corkscrew curls. False eyelashes or painted-on lines magically conjured star-eyes.

Hardly any other fashion created as big a sensation as hot pants in 1971-1972. They were not only worn as super short summer shorts, but also intended for winter with thick wool socks. Hot pants were offset by the beloved maxi coats and high platform shoes. Pants of all kinds provided a relief from the length disputes. There were tight knee-length caddy pants, broad gauchos, knickers, culottes, harem pants, ankle-length drain-pipe trousers, wide Marlene Dietrich trousers, and-still up to 1974-wide bell bottoms. Jeans became the universal clothing, crossing all class and age boundaries. Jackets, pullovers, vests, and T-shirts clung tightly to the body. Pullover sweaters featured witty motifs like trees, houses, or cars. Maxi length party clothes (evening clothes were out) had bold patterns such as Vasarely graphics, pop-art, or Hundertwasser images.

After 1974, a series of looks followed without constituting a single unified style. In 1975 there were caftans and the Chinese look with short quilted jackets. In 1976 the Middle Eastern look dominated, with tunics over harem pants, and, later, the layered look. A master of the folklore mixture was the Japanese designer Kenzo (Takada), whose Parisian boutique "Jungle Jap," had a decided influence. Mainstream fashion, on the other hand, was rather conservative, featuring the umbrella-pleated (or gored) skirt, which came to just below the knee.

In 1976 the fashion press euphorically reported on Yves Saint Laurent's collection "Ballets Russes-Opéra." It was an elegant peasant look with long, wide skirts of shimmering silk and bolero jackets in unexpected color combinations like red, lilac, orange, and pink, delicate sheer blouses with wide sleeves, and golden turbans.

Beginning in 1977, punk clothing exerted a strong influence on fashion for the next few years. The anti-bourgeois, "no-future" generation shocked with their brutal look: safety pins through cheeks and ear lobes, dog collars and razor blades as necklaces, diabolically made-up eyes, black lips, ripped jeans and T-shirts, torn fishnet stockings, and tough Doc Marten's boots. Their hair, in contrast to their gray and black get-ups, differentiated itself from the mainstream "normals" by its green and red highlights and its spiked (mohawk) styling. Insiders met at Vivienne Westwood and Malcolm McLaren's shop on King's Road, called "Sex" in 1974 and then, later, "Seditionaries" in 1978.

In 1978, the Parisian prêt-à-porter designers, above all Claude Montana, brought the military and punk look onto the runway. Broad "power" shoulders and oversized garments initiated a new fashion silhouette which would become the characteristic style of the 1980s.

The 1975 American book, Dress for Success by John T. Molloy, gave the exile from hippie culture tips on how to market himself with the right clothes, on the power of the white shirt, on how to interpret the codes of tie patterns, and how make it in "big business." Two years later, in 1977, Molloy's sequel followed, The Woman's Dress for Success Book.

The 1980s

The fashion silhouette of the 1980s was defined by over-sized, voluminous gigot (leg of mutton) sleeves and wide padded shoulders which coincided with the fight for wom

# data[].attributes.body
Two very different types of suits were loved by men of the 1970s. First, the leisure suit, which was introduced around 1972, exploded in popularity after John Travolta’s smash hit “Saturday Night Fever.”

The other suit was the track suit. Although the track suit is more often associated with the 80s (as worn by the Beastie Boys, for example), they were quite popular in the late 70s. In fact, sportswear in general was worn almost everywhere.

Men weren’t wearing hats anymore, their hair was much longer and they didn’t always tuck their shirts in. Facial hair was great, but if you didn’t have chest hair then you better get a really big, gold medallion to cover up your bare chest. Collars were wide and the pants were tight.

# data[].attributes.body
Tunics, culottes and robes were also very popular.

# data[].attributes.body
by 1972 it was normal to see a man in low-rise bell bottoms and platform shoes.

# data[].attributes.body
Polyester was the material of choice and bright colors were everywhere. Men and women alike were wearing very tight fitting pants and platform shoes. By 1973, most women were wearing high cut boots and low cut pants.

Early 1970s fashion was a fun era. It culminated some of the best elements of the 60s and perfected and/or exaggerated them. Some of the best clothing produced in the 1970s perfectly blended the mods with the hippies.

Just when it seemed pants couldn’t flare any more (bell bottoms, anyone?), the flare was almost gone. By the late 1970s the pant suit, leisure suit and track suit was what the average person was sporting. Every woman had a cowl neck sweater in her closet and every man had a few

# data[].attributes.body
1970s: The “Me” Decade

Setting the precedence for change and modernity, the youth counterculture movements of the 1960s allowed for fashion trends to flourish in the 1970’s. But unlike the in the 1960s, Americans in the 1970s took a step back from political movements, choosing instead to focus on themselves. Many have referred to this shift as a “return to normalcy”, giving the 1970s its nickname as the “Me” Decade.

Image courtesy of Wikimedia Commons

Having been introduced in the previous decade, unisex clothing became the norm by the early 1970s. With women entering the workforce more than ever before, pantsuits and daywear with a masculine edge were popularized among youth. Women also wore skirts in a variety of lengths, often opting for tight-fitting mini skirts for everyday wear. Popularized in the late 1960s, hot pants, tight-fitting shorts with an inseam length of 2-3 inches, became a fashion go-to for young women during the first half of the 1970s.

Tight tops and loose-fitting bottoms defined fashion for both men and women during the latter half of the decade. Becoming a wardrobe staple in the 1970s, blue jeans were worn by men, women, and children across the country, coming in a variety of different styles. The popularity of bell-bottoms continued and today, the style has become representative of the decade. Women often opted for ankle-length maxi skirts and dresses with long slits on the sides that reached the thigh. Bold patterns were popular among both genders along with sports jackets, chunky sweaters, and pleated pants.

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Polyester was the material of choice and bright colors were everywhere. Men and women alike were wearing very tight fitting pants and platform shoes.

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Over Seventy Years of Fashion History - How Fashions Have Changed Since the 1920sIt is amazing to see how the different events in history have influenced and changed the way people have dressed throughout time. Some of the most popular fashions are classic, they can stand the test of time and hardly ever "go out of style", only experiencing minor changes to keep up with the trends. Other clothing items could be considered "fads", styles that are only popular for a short season and then never worn again. Often certain fashion trends are dependent on the tastes of particular groups of people or cliques and are usually associated with social status or cultural preferences like the type of music a person likes. Fashion can also be influenced by world events such as war or the economy. For example, during World War II, people were only allowed a certain amount of fabric so they were forced to create simple outfits that were practical enough for wartime duties. From the 1920s to the 1990s, popular fashions reflected the mood of each decade and showcased changes in society as the styles of clothing and accessories evolved with the times.

Dresses and Skirts - From Mini to Maxi, Pleats to PencilChanges in skirts and dress fashion have changed and varied dramatically between the 1920s to the present, as well as within each decade. In 1920, only a few years after World War I, skirt and dress hemlines rose and waist lines lowered to the hip. These changes accompanied the boyish flapper fashions that marked the

1920's as a decade of decadence and fun. During 1926 to 1928, hemlines were reported to be at their highest but once the stock market crashed in 1929 and the Great Depression set in, hem lines returned to a more conservative length (below the knee or lower). 1930s boasted a return to femininity and Hollywood glamour was idolized. Evening gowns showed bias-cuts and diamante accents and were made of chiffon or velvet. For a more casual look in the thirties dresses were slim-cut and had wide shoulders and a belt around the waist. Real fur accents and floral prints were also popular during this era until World War II broke out and the glamorous look of the decade lost its luster.

During World War II, luxurious fabrics like wool, silk and nylon were highly regulated and women's skirts and dresses were often made of viscose and rayon. Skirts and dresses would also be made out of anything that could be found within a home (like curtains, nightgowns or bed sheets) due to the illegality of using excess fabric when making an outfit from about 1942 to 1947. With the economic boom in the 1950s, glamour become fashionable once again and A-line and pencil skirts were very popular form-fitting fashions. Dresses in the decade would often feature stylish ruffles or lace accents and were usually knee-length or tea-length. Going into the late fifties and 1960s mini-dresses and maxi-length skirt outfits entered the scene. Mod styled dresses with short skirts and bold, colorful patterns became popular. Mary Quant, a Mod fashion designer is one of the people credited with creating the iconic mini-skirt of the mid-sixties. In the late sixties and seventies hippie fashion took over and loose-fitting, flowing maxi skirts and dresses became dominant. Disco music and dance also influenced dresses with slender lines, flowing skirts and the shimmering fabrics that would look best in a night club.

As we entered the 1980's, fashion evolved once more. Skirts and dresses were once again longer and featured straight lines and more serious design. As more and more women joined the professional work force business suits became a trend for women with straight conservative skirts and broad shouldered, boxy blazers topped the look. In the eighties, fashion became highly influenced by music stars and movies with eclectic looks shown off by Madonna, Cyndi Lauper, and movie star Molly Ringwald. In the 1990s, skirts and dresses were not as prominent and more casual looks became acceptable with hip-hop and alternative music setting the scene for fashion early in the decade. Skirts and dresses were usually short and even provocative, especially in the latter part of the decade, however loose and flowing dresses as well as long denim skirts were also notable trends.

Blouses, Shirts and TopsIn the 1920s, the jumper blouse was introduced and became incredibly popular. Usually the jumper blouse was made of cotton or silk and had a sailor collar. Perfect for pairing with a skirt, it usually reached just below the hips and would be accompanied by a belt or sash. Another popular type of twenties blouse was a low-cut v-neck shirt with a chemisette attached to promote modesty. Knitted long-sleeve shirts with rounded collars and tank blouses were also popular in the decade. For men, polo shirts, dress shirts and sweaters were the tops of choice. Going into the thirties, feminine blouses that featured v-necks and long bow ties attached around the neck, sleeveless blouses and knit shirts of satin and linen were popular. During the war-torn forties nylon and silk were replaced with rayon and viscose for formal tops, while terry cloth, linen and even canvas were used for leisure shirts. Women who worked during World War II wore military style shirts that had button-up collars, and women who were a part of the American Woman's Auxiliary Corps would wear a full war military outfit.

After World War II ended, up until the mid-1950's trends in women's fashion changed again. Round-neck styles on sleeveless shirts or long sleeve shirts were popular, as well as polo-necks. Dolman sleeves dominated fashionable tops in the fifties and sixties, too. The 1960s brought ethnic print blouses, ribbed turtleneck sweaters and boat-neck tops into mainstream clothing. And, shirts for men and women often featured "wild" patterns. From the late sixties to the mid-seventies, brightly colored shirts and blouses with psychedelic patterns were trendy and hippie fashion made Indian cheesecloth shirts, peasant tops, tunics and Nehru jackets popular for both men and women of the era. Space-like and futuristic fashions also became popular and many tops were made out of suede, leather, vinyl and plastic.

In the 1980s, as styles became slightly more casual and T-Shirts and polo shirts became acceptable tops, and for formal or business-wear, boxy tops with shoulder pads, blazers, dress shirts and sweaters were popular for men and women in the decade. Over-sized tops were popular in the 80s and 90s as well. The 1990's saw a lot more commercialization of fashion with designer labels appearing on the outside of clothing as a way to promote status and trendiness. That trend continues today as it is not uncommon to see people wearing stylish casual shirts that host a bold Guess or Ralph Lauren logo on the front. The nineties also saw an increase in the popularity of crop tops and halter tops as women's styles became more provocative. In the late 80s, 90s, and in today's fashion, T-shirts have become more of a way to express individuality and a person's tastes and preference with sassy catch phrases, funny pictures, or pop culture references appearing more and more in the mainstream.

ShoesIn the 1920s, women's shoes would often feature high and wide heels whether on a pump or loafer style shoe. Many women would even wear heeled shoes with their swimming costumes as a mark of femininity. Oxfords of varying styles and colors were popular too with men and women, as well as lace up boots. During the

1930's strapped heels and pumps surged in popularity, while more traditional styles of heels were still worn. For men and women, laced leather leisure shoes were popular for outdoor activities and exercise during the decade. In the forties, as a result of the war, shoes became more conservative and practical. Women's shoes were usually made with flatter heels and had either cork or wooden soles.

Flat shoes, sandals, heels and pumps with rounded toes and feminine lines were worn by women in the 1950s. Saddle shoes, white lace up shoes with brown or black leather accents, were also popular for both men and women. Canvas basketball shoes (high-tops) or black leather oxfords were worn by men. Suede shoes also enjoyed moments of popularity during this decade. In the 1960s, black slip-on boots (most likely of leather or faux leather material) were popular for men and women, and heels became thinner on pumps. Vinyl boots, moccasin-style loafers with wide heels, wedge heels, and slip-on heels with leather cut-out patterns were all popular in the 1970s. Sandals and western style cowboy boots were also popular with both men and women.

In the 1980s, pumps were designed with higher and thinner heels than in decades before and they became more of a hit. For casual wear, tennis shoes (both high-tops and standard ankle high shoes) and leather dress shoes were very popular. Flats became popular too, especially with working women. By the 1990's, styles had returned to Earth and the casual look was key. During this decade leather substitutes became more popular due to environmental concerns, and cork-soled sandals like Birkenstocks defined the alternative look early in the decade. Walking shoes had bulkier heels, and gym-type athletic shoes were most people's every day choice. As with the late 1980s and 1990s, branding became a driving force behind shoe sales. People would show off their Reebok, Nike or Adidas shoes with pride and special editions would sell for hundreds of dollars.

AccessoriesFrom the 1920s to the 1990s, accessories have changed tremendously, but some items like jewelry have always remained popular. Fashionable hats were highly popular from the twenties to the fifties and were often an everyday item in a person's ensemble. For women in the 1920s helmet style, draped hats, cloches, turbans and pokes were all popular and usually featured a variety of fabrics, cut-outs, lace accents, feathers or other details. In the 30s, 40s, and 50s other styles of women's hats were popular as well with berets, homburgs, bumpers, bonnets, and wider brimmed hats all seeing time in the spotlight.

For men, bow ties and long ties have alternated their turns in the favor of fashion. From the twenties to the nineties the length, width, fabric, colors and patterns of neck ties have varied according to trends, but they have almost always been a necessity for men's business dress and formal wear. Men would wear fedoras, golf caps, automobile caps, Panama hats and other nearly timeless styles of hats up until the seventies, after which hats became less popular as casual styles started to dominate the scene. Baseball caps, skull caps, beanies and other types of casual hats remain popular with men and offer a way to display their favorite sports teams to the world.

Handbags and purses have also always been popular with women, but the styles have changed throughout the decades. In the twenties and thirties, handbags would often be used as vanity bags that featured a built-in mirror and could be used to touch up one's make-up and hair while out. In the fifties and sixties handbags became more of a fashion statement and would coordinate with the type of occasion one was attending, larger, more practical bags were used for shopping or a day out with family while smaller, fancier bags would be used for parties or fancy evenings out with friends. In the seventies, eighties, and even nineties, handbags and purses became more of a catch-all with women narrowing their collection down to just one or two, a more formal bag and an everyday work type bag. Presently, the type of handbags women own have become even more of a status symbol than in the past, with designer bags from Coach, Dooney & Bourke, Fendi, Prada, Michael Kors, Louis Vuitton, Kate Spade, and others costing thousands of dollars being the only purses women use, and often the only luxury piece of clothing many women own.

HairstylesShort boyish haircuts were popular throughout the 1920s to the late 1930s. In the

1940's, hair was often still hid under hats, but usually was longer and tied in a bun or other up-do. During the Second World War, scarves and turbans were also popular. Hats and turbans (sometimes even worn together) remained popular until the 1960s. After this time women began to perm and/or dye their hair. Wigs were more popular after this time as well, and the wearing of hats declined dramatically. Men's hair (just like the short women's cuts) of the 1920s and 1930s was usually neatly combed and groomed, and usually parted to the side. Hair for men was "greased" back. In the 1950s hair was still greased back, but hairstyles usually consisted of more hair on the top of the head (especially biker styles). For women in the 1950s, hair was waved and fit to frame the face, or to be pulled back. Some actresses had wore their hair extremely short-way above the ears, as if it had been cut with a hair trimmer.

In the 1960s, beehive and flip-style hairdos were more popular for women. For the men, bowl cuts, such as the ones that are similar to what the Beatles wore are very popular as well. These looks continued on to the late 1960s. From the 1970s on, long, straight hair was popular for women, as well as for some men. Hairstyles were usually parted down the middle. Large puffy hair worn by Motown singers were considered stylish from 1969 on to the 1970's, and short wavy hairstyles like Jodie Foster wore in 1976 were popular too. During the seventies layered haircuts were also popular and this trend continued into the 1980s. From the mid to late eighties big hairstyles that were teased and curly or wavy with bangs were very popular. In the early 1990s straight hair and long spiral perms became popular, while later in the decade angled bobs and shaggy, mid-length haircuts were made popular by celebrities like Jennifer Aniston and Courteney Cox on the TV show Friends.

From the 1970s to the current time punk hairstyles such as shaved heads, Mohawks, and painted hair were worn. These were usually the hairdos of those who wanted to make a statement, or just simply to be different from mainstream society. Many mainstream and independent artists had punk hairdos. Heavy metal hairstyles for men were quite popular, especially after the 1980s. Male heavy metal rock groups would tease and/or color their hair, which usually was let to grow long. There are still standards for hairstyles in the present. For the workplace hairdos are very conservative, usually in a straight style, or sometimes waved or slightly permed.

Designer FashionNames of designers that were alive during the 1920s and the 1950s include Jeanne Lanvin, "Coco" Chanel, and Pierre Cardin. Each these designers have set his or her personal mark. For instance, Lanvin is remembered for her intricate trimmings, lavish embroideries, and beaded decorations. These were all implemented in clear, light fabrics. Chanel is remembered for designing fashions of clothing as if it would be what she would wear. She also is known for masculine-cuts and silk blouses. Pierre Cardin is known for items such as his draped pale blue mohair dresses or jacket with fur-trimmed head. Designers from the 1960s include Yves Saint Laurent and Mary Quant. These designers were thought of as revolutionary style artists. They introduced items such as mini and/or maxi-length dresses, bright-colored sweater and mini-dress outfits, and a variety of new accessories such as laced tights as well as new cosmetics.

With globalization and the massive changes to society over the last eighty years, fashion has changed to cope with the differences. Designer ranges from small independent designers to large fashion houses that have existed for several decades. And, while trends still dictate the fashion world, modern designers have often drawn inspiration from the past and have modified classic looks from the past eighty years to be the height of fashion today. Designers for mass retailers seem to be less focused on creating ground-breaking images in fashion and more focused on adapting popular styles to fit all purposes and body shapes. As we have become more sedentary, our waistlines have expanded and clothing has adapted to that as well with more retailers offering larger sizes and more figure-flattering options.

Men's FashionAfter World War I and until about the year 1942 men's wear was fairly relaxed and less formal. For example, softer collars were worn during this time period. Sleeveless sport shirts became popular and were worn with white pleated trousers and a belt. Celebrities in the 1920s and 1930s would sometimes combine casual pieces with formal pieces for a new look. Evening wear such as the double-breasted white cotton pique was also worn during these decades, as well as day suits with wide lapels. These suits were worn with accessories such as wool tie, black trilby hat, or black gloves. Black leather shoes were also made popular during this time as well. Wide lapels on men's suits also were very popular in the 1930s with both British and American style suits. Materials used to make these suits were usually a type of wool.

Sportswear in between the mid-1930s and 1946 included items such as white straight-leg flannel trousers for tennis playing or dark blue elastic-wasted cotton knickers for playing football. A red cloth coat was sometimes worn with black leather boots for riding. These sportswear outfits were very much influenced by the British. After 1946, men wore items such as black trousers, single-breasted wool jackets, and suits with wide lapels and wide collars. Suit accessories included black bow-ties, black homburg hats, and black shoes. By 1947 the war rations on materials had ended, so more extravagant men's clothing could be made after this time. The 1950s British styles were in some ways different than in the 1930s and the 1940s. One of the signature items for men during the first year of this decade include the knee-length single breast overcoat (grey-colored) and cuffless sleeves (although cuffless sleeves were sometimes worn in earlier times). American styles of sports and leisure wear that were created in the 1950s included a single-breasted fitted brown jacket, narrow lapels, and flap pockets. These were worn during riding, and perhaps along with knee-high leather riding boots.

During the late sixties and into the late seventies, fashion was influenced by designers from numerous countries. For example, Pierre Cardin from France had created a new design of a two-piece grey cloth suit that had a double-breasted long fitted jacket. In the year 1970, the cloth jacket with a zipper was worn as a day wear outfit. This item was made with large hip-level flap pockets and tight sleeves which flared at the wrists and brown cloth trousers which were also flared. Leather outfits also became more popular after 1973. Leisure suits and disco-influenced styles were also popular with men in the seventies.

The 1980s was a time of its own unique fashion. Men during this time who worked as an executive or other position of higher authority usually wore items such as a brown two-pieced double-breasted suit with long narrow lapels. These suits were designed with broad shoulders and shoulder pads. Casual clothing that was significant of the 1980s included denim blue jeans, often worn with a matching jean jacket. Punk fashion in the 1980s for men included clothing items such as sleeveless black leather jacket, off-center zip fastening, or flap pockets. In the 1990s blue jeans were also very popular, but unlike the 1980s, bell-bottoms, wider-legged and baggy pants were in style. Black polo neck sweaters were popular in the year 1995, as well as two-piece wool striped suits with small collar and narrow ankle-length trousers.

Children's FashionToddler girls from 1919 wore laced-edged rompers which snapped on the sides. A bloomer dress with white collar was worn in the year 1925, and a fringed bunting with side fasteners was used to keep babies warm in the year 1939. Older girls wore schoolgirl outfits such as a black or green velveteen plaid skirt with white pique blouse and feather white socks and white shoed in the late thirties. A polka dot sun suit with elastic around edges of top and shorts was a big hit in the 1950s. This outfit was most likely worn as a swimsuit. Middle-aged boys in the 1920s wore items such as a gray or brown woolen suit jacket with matching vest and trousers. From this time throughout the 1930s different styles of knickers (knee pants) were worn by boys as well. Sometimes knickers were worn with knee-high print socks and shoes.

Older boys wore wool slacks and v-necked jacquard patterned sweaters in the 1950s. Also in the 1950s, boys wore navy denim jeans with a checked cotton button-down, collared shirt. In the 1960s, outfits for school and sports became more casual. One of the simple signature outfits of this decade was the black and white washable Welsh wool dress. In later years, these dresses were then made from man-made materials. Gingham skirts were displayed in an Issue of Vogue during this decade as well, which means these dresses were most likely worn quite a bit. In the year 1964 boys often wore a wool blazer and grey shorts. During this time, both boys and girls wore short white socks when they were young and knee-length socks when older. These socks were often held up by garter belts.

Toddlers in the 1960s were often seen in pinafore rompers. These were often worn over a blouse or jersey. From 1965 to 1970, outfits such as the machine-washable sleep suit were worn by babies, and this outfit was considered to be one of the most useful clothing items up to this time period. For the small boy during the late 1960s and early 1970s, a tweed coat with long trousers-similar to the 1950s boys outfits-is worn with a stiffened woolen hat. Girls during this time dressed much like the women of the time, in high-waist dresses and matching ribbed tights. In the 1970s, girls wore a variety of different kind of outfits similar to what women wore, such as Indian print shirts. They also wore print silky outfits of a matching shirt and flared pants.

The 1980s is the start of another evolution in children's clothing. Girls during this decade wore outfits such as the unisex poly-cotton brushed leisure suit. Small boys during this decade wore outfits such as a suit with a bright blue top that has red sleeves with logo on chest, along with pants to match. Other children's outfits worn during this time include girls' dresses in blue and white, with vest-shaped top and gathered short skirt. This was often worn with accessories such as heart-shaped sunglasses, canvas sandals, and hair tied up with bright stretchy bands. The nineties school and summer fashions were made for children to be able to move and play in. A signature boys' outfit of this time is the blue jeans overall outfit, and the girls' signature outfit is the jean dress with a white trim and pink shirt underneath. Clothes from the 1990s for children share a similar vein as to the ones in the present day. The most important aspect of making clothing for children today is to make sure the outfits are safe to wear and that they fit well.

Teenage FashionFrom the 1920s to the 1940s teen dress was fairly conservative in contrast to present-day styles. For the most part teens dressed very much like the adults of this time. In the 1920s teens wore outfits such as the schoolgirl cadet style outfit which consisted of a gathered skirt with a hemline just below the knee. This skirt was usually accompanied by a V-necked bottom-down jersey knit cardigan, white collared shirt, and tie, all topped with a beret hat. Other teen girls and older children often wore cardigan sweaters, cotton frocks, and canvas shoes. Sometimes they wore sandals with their outfits. In the 1930s teens and/or young women would dress to imitate movie stars as much as possible.

In the 1940s, during World War II, natural materials for clothing were scarce. During this time, clothes were mended when worn and when new clothes were needed drapes, sheets, pillow cases, and other household materials were used to make new clothes. During the 1950s, new teen fashions began to develop, especially between 1955 and 1960. In fact, this was the period of time when teens began to purchase their own clothing, which was one of the reasons why they became such an influence on clothing that was made during this time. Teen girls in the mid to late 1950s wore clothing items such as an oversized sweater, buttoned cardigan, and a simple long tweed skirt. Around their necks they sometimes wore a string of beads along with it or a patterned fashionable scarf. Also in the fifties, groups of teen girls also sometimes wore baseball jackets and loose jeans rolled up.

During the sixties, mini-skirts and mini-dresses became very popular. During the late 1960s long flowing "hippie" dresses were sometimes worn by teens or young women. These styles along with jeans and T-shirts and psychedelic clothing were also very popular with youth, especially those at least 18. This trend continued on throughout the 1970s, which also included the wearing of bell-bottoms. The 1970s was considered to be all about individual expression and clothing definitely reflected that. In the eighties, overalls, sweat suits, Spandex sportswear, cotton jersey dresses, and baseball shirts were often worn by teens. Additionally, parachute pants, jeans (straight-legged or narrow-cut), sneakers, and denim shirts or jackets.

Teen styles from the 1990s had many more variations than in decades before. As in the 1970s, trends from this time on became more about individual expression for teens rather than following a trend, and as a result, numerous sub-groups, often called "cliques" were formed. From the 1990s to the present day, one group of teens may wear the usual jeans and T-shirt outfit and other groups, such as punks, wear ripped jeans, spiked or colored hair, and body piercings. In the present day, teen clothing has also become quite risque, although fashion professionals frown upon certain trends. Overall, clothing is much more casual and relaxed for teens than in times past. Many teens are not required to wear school uniforms at all, unless attending a private school.

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10 Decades Of Hairstyles During The 20th Century

AiryHair  1 Year Ago  No Comments

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The evolution of a hairstyle.

Every decade has its own unique looks and style. Fashion and beauty trends change all the time and they just keep evolving. And hair is one part of fashion that can define a decade. We’re going to go through all 10 decades of the 20th century and see how hairstyles changed through the years.

1900’s

During this time, permanent hair curling was invented so that had a big influence on 1900’s hairstyles. Both long and short hairstyles were popular, with longer hair usually being partly pinned up and the rest of it flowing down in curls.

1910’s

Curls and ringlets were in style, made popular by Mary Pickford and Lillian Gish. Bows, pins, headbands and different types of hats were extremely cool as accessories.

1920’s

This was a decade for bobbed hair. The long hair came off and styles were short or pulled back with ringlets on the forehead and ears. The girls looked very sleek, cool and confident.

1930’s

In this decade, for women fashion, the long sleek appearance was most desirable and the hair was waved and shoulder-length. Jean Harlow was one of the most popular actresses and sex symbols and her platinum blond waves and curls were extremely popular.

1940’s

Victory rolls were very fashionable in the 40’s as well as barrel curls. The hair was longer and the ladies looked sexy but sophisticated and elegant. This is also when the pinup style started to evolve and we can see these hairstyles today as well on pinup loving girls.

1950’s

Young women in the 50s had almost no desire for the long, flowing hair. Hairstyles were short, soft and neat and almost always curled. A huge amount of effort was used in styling their hair. One of the most famous hairstyles were the petal coif and the pixie hairstyle.

1960’s

60s are when the hairstyles started to get bigger and more extravagant, except maybe for the boyish short hair made popular by Twiggy. Bouffants, beehives and teased hair were really popular.

1970’s

The 70s hairstyles were born out of the hippie movement and leaned towards the natural look. Hair was long, frequently big and luxurious and the messy look was often acceptable. Headbands were often used as an accessory.

1980’s

Hairstyles were generally big, sprayed, teased and voluminous and fringes were thick and puffy. Young girls and teenagers loved the side-pony look and if your hair was short, it was either fluffy and permed or gelled and spiky. 80s also saw the rise of the mullet, which gladly didn’t stick for long.

1990’s

90s hairstyles in general were much simpler and more natural and far less likely to cause future embarrassment than those of the previous decade. Of course, the most famous hairstyle of the 90s was the Rachel cut and everybody wanted to copy it.

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Tags:1900, 1910, 1920, 1930, 1940, 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, hair, hairstyles

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HAIRSTYLES

10 Decades Of Hairstyles During The 20th Century

by AiryHair time to read: 2 min

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In 1971 there was a huge impasse between what designers made and what people wanted to wear. It seemed at times the two were fighting each other like siblings.

Designers declared the hemline would be at the knee in 1971, but the public had other plans. Skirts that grazed the ankle, that were intended to be evening gowns, were being worn out on the town. Another, more extreme, backlash were “hot pants”, which had nothing to do with the so-called fashion world.

A taste for nostalgia brought back people’s desire for nautical insignia and 1940s movie star glamour. Another trend that popped up among the wealthy was Chinese-inspired evening gowns.

Sporting a tailored look, young couples liked to dress in similar, if not identical clothing. A quick glance through a 1971 catalog backs this up, for it is hard to miss the countless pages of his & hers matching sets.

Yves Saint Laurent instigated the 1940s revival in his spring Paris collection that was widely panned by critics but embraced by young trendsetters.

Men’s fashion started to shed the flamboyant styles of recent years, but they retained a sense of fun and freedom. Clothes were snugly fit, tailored and double knit. Plaid was a popular choice for a day at the office or on the farm and pants remained flared.

The fashion world was saddened by the passing of legendary designer, Gabrielle Bonheur Chanel, better known as “Coco,” at age 87. Her rigorous discipline to the very end helped her maintain an unheard of 50+ years of relevancy and influence on the fashion world. She remains to this day one of the most important fashion designers in history.

Fashion in 1972

Liza Minnelli wearing Halston (1972)

Fashion relaxed a bit in 1972, worrying less about hemlines and waistlines, shifting into the casual mood of sportswear for both daytime and evening styles.

According to designers, the busy modern woman wanted to look at ease, uncontrived, and certainly never obvious after years of self-consciousness. An important aspect of being fashionable in 1972 was not to look as if one had spent either too much time or money on clothes.

The sweater was a pivotal point of this effortless effect. It was the year’s most important fashion ingredient, cropping up as a beach cover-up, the basis of city costumes, the bodice of haute-couture satin evening gowns.

After sweaters, a woman could choose between long or short dresses, skirts or pants, belted waists or no waists, bare halters or covered-up caftans. Such designers as Yves Saint Laurent showed most of their daytime styles at mid-knee level, but they included several mid-calf and ankle-length skirts.

Female delegates at the Democratic National Convention in Miami illustrated the variety of attire available to the American woman. They turned up in everything from ﬂoor-length dresses to faded blue jeans. Critics blamed designers for failing to provide fashion direction. Actually, the wide range of choices represented the cost-conscious consumer’s triumph over the couturier.

The most successful designer of 1972 was Halston. His clothes, whisked up by such fashion leaders as Liza Minnelli and Jackie O, were elegant versions of established American classics — shirtwaist dresses, cashmere pullovers and cardigans, wrapped jackets and pants. So big was the inﬂuence of the unstudied, sportive American shapes on what women around the world wore in 1972, that experts claimed New York City, rather than Paris, was the fashion capital of the world.

The ease-is-of-the-essence fashion philosophy affected the way a garment met the body. After a decade of drawing clothes closer to the ﬁgure, designers began to let go. Snug-bodiced fashions were rivaled by a revival of the chemise, the blouson, caftans, smocks, tents, toppers, battle jackets, and baggier sweaters.

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Elasticized and drawstring waistlines, shirred yokes, deeper armholes, and dolman, raglan, and kimono sleeves helped ease silhouettes.

Jeans were very much in style in 1972 for both men and women.

Textures softened into cashmere, shetland, angora, lambswool, mohair, brushed-wool plaids, cuddly, lamblike acrylic piles, fluffy, long-haired furs.

Hushed hues and pastels served as further softening agents. Mauve, peach, apple-green, pink, yellow, and baby-blue tended to be used in all-of-a-tone costumes, such as a pink-shirt with a pink-striped sweater over a pink plaid skirt.

Natural and neutral shades of white, wheat, camel, and gray melted into one another in luxurious fabrics or connected sporty separates of nonchalance.

Accessories underlined the monotone scheme. Among the favorites were tortoise, ivory, amber, pewter, silver, braided-leather cubes, buttons strung together, whale and tiger teeth. But pearls were the most popular embellishment for ears, necklines, and wrists.

Brimmed cloche hats replaced knitted caps, little ﬂat envelopes tried to oust the ever-present shoulder bags. Clogs, wedgies, cork-soled platforms, and chunky, high heels continued to alarm podiatrists. There was a tendency toward shorter hair styles for both men and women.

Men’s Fashions were dominated by the gentlemanly ideal, as the wild prints and fancy sartorial treatments of recent years gave way to traditionally masculine materials and shapes. Bold plaids livened up sport jackets; rich, modulated tones in houndstooth checks, Donegal tweeds, and Prince-of-Wales plaids were used for business suits. Summer-weights revived such favorites as crinkly seersucker, khaki, and all-white Mark Twain-type “ice cream suits.”

Other comebacks: beefy sweaters with more texture in shetland, mohair, Norwegian-type knit; and hefty woolens cut into stalwart stormcoats, battle jackets, peacoats, and lumberjack shirts. The buttoned-down shirt returned in 1972 with a more generously proportioned collar.

Ties turned to smaller, timeless motifs: stirrups, anchors, paisleys. The two-button, waist-and-shoulder-expressed construction reigned for jackets, but there was a drift back to pleated pants and boxy, raglan-sleeved coats with just-below-the-knee hems.

Men’s footwear became more ﬂamboyant. Men wore shoes with wild colors as thick platforms and 3-inch heels became popular with young and old alike.

Fashion in 1973

1973 Fashion: Sweaters

The key to fashion in 1973 was the knitting needle, as the sweater became the popular look on both sides of the ocean.

There were sweater coats, sweater dresses and even sweater suits. Many of them were trimmed with fur, especially fox. Floor-length sweaters came with or without sparkle. The chunky, shawl-collared, belted cardigan, often in brown and white, replaced 1972’s shrink tops.

The new sentiment among designers was that the outfits had to work harder and longer and to be able to change with simple addition of a shirt, pants or accessory.

For the first time in decades, there was a significant shortage of raw materials and fabrics. The cost of synthetics such as vinyl and nylon rose as well. As a result, everyday designers kept things simple.

Popular fabrics & patterns in 1973 were tweeds, flannels, plaids, checks and stripes. Rust, peach, tangerine, copper, forest green, pistachio were popular colors.

Accessories were subdued. Golden chains, gold-button earrings and rhinestone clips were finding their way back into the wild after having been stashed away in favor of homemade jewelry for a few years.

Perhaps the biggest change in women’s fashion in 1973 wasn’t an article of clothing at all: it was her hair. A shorter, polished, shoulder-length page boy or a close crop with upturned bangs framing face were the hairstyles of the new. Shorter hair prompted a call for hats. A chic evening choice was the little black veiled hat, often accompanied by boas in fur or feathers.

Men’s fashion was agreeable over aggressive. The trend leaned toward the inconspicuous and comfortable. Neutral colors and standard fabrics made up the majority of new men’s clothing. A new fad — piping — showed up on blazers and suits. Pea jackets, baseball jackets and varsity jackets were the common man’s choice on an active fall day.

Oscar de la Renta was inducted in the Coty Hall of Fame in 1973.

Fashion in 1974

In 1974, fashion designers tried to change tight fitting, body hugging clothing styles into something a bit looser. Like, a lot looser.

The silhouette in 1974 was significantly different in this way. The Big Look (or The Droop, depending on your view), designers hoped, would sending customers back to the stores specifically for dresses.

After the midi skirt disaster, fashion designers were desperate for some good news. Many shops had shut due to poor sales, made worse by an ongoing recession.

Frankly, people were finding their trusty sweater, t-shirt and pair of jeans and they wore them nearly every day. This did not help the fashion industry prosper.

In fact, the t-shirt, once considered underwear only, was now being blazoned with slogans, sports teams and anything else you could imagine, making it one of the hottest fashion items worn by casual men and women alike.

Typical of The Big Look was a circular cape, tossed over a bulky sweater and shirt hanging around the knee. Coats were full and tentlike. Standouts were the steamer coat, raglan-sleeved, as well as cardigans or kimonos of dressing gown proportions with yokes, smockings and drop-shoulders.

Berets, muffling scarves and high-heeled, baggily crushed boots were essential in 1974. Leather belts, slender neck chains, delicate rhinestone ropes, lace-edged chiffon kerchiefs, silk flowers all proved to be worthy ornaments.

The wavering line between sportswear and tailored suits blurred further with the introduction of the leisure suit. While they were intended for the country, they appeared everywhere — just short of the office. Men still loved their flannel.

Geoffrey Beene and Halston were elected to the Coty Hall of Fame in 1974.

Fashion in 1975

1975 Fashion: Jump Suits

Fashion in 1975 touched on everything from loose peasant garments to tailored blazer suits. Many of these outfits were made from quality fabrics like Harris tweed, wool flannel, cashmere, camel’s hair, pure cotton and pure silk.

1975 fashion was not a time for major upheavals. New shapes leaned toward the body and their fullness was tamed. Calvin Klein’s reefer coats and Yves Saint Laurent’s tube dresses were in high demand.

Designers such as Geoffrey Beene also softened bulk by wrapping the waist and balancing smock-like shirts with slim skirts and straight-leg pants.

Skirts sported dressmaker details such as yokes, tucks, pleats, smocking, dirndl gathers, wraps, cargo pockets or ropes.

Layering added a rich look in 1975. Double blouses, multiple sweaters, pants under tunic dresses, jumpers over dresses, hoods under hats and shawls over everything. The triangular scarf was the ultimate layer.

Denim, the familiar blue-jeans material, moved into fashion respectability as young and old alike flocked to wear it in a variety of ways.

Old clothes, meticulously made of castoff finery, once the special domain of eccentrics, became the rage. Young people flocked to antique shops swooping up hand-me-down evening bags. Art Deco jewelry, smudgy-pink georgette dresses and the wispy undergarments of the 1930s.

A craze for khaki, olive-drab and workmen’s clothes threatened to knock out jeans and t-shirts as America’s favorite uniform.

The jumpsuit was a huge success in 1975. It came in hard-working fabrics like twill, drill, duck, baby-wale corduroy and seersucker. Uniform components included parachute pants, painter’s pants, clam-diggers, culottes, butcher apron wraps, military fatigues pushed into combat boots, naval-inspired dresses and a whole battalion of epaulets, zip-up pockets and webbing belts.

Menswear came closer to translating the high European tailoring tradition into comfortable clothes. the so-called American suit was further modified to resemble the closer fitting European model. The new look, called the quasi-European suit, had slightly padded shoulders, higher arm holes, a more prominent waist suppression, open patch pockets and a light flare to both jacket and pants.

Geoffrey Beene received a Coty Award and Calvin Klein and Piero Dmitri were elected to the Hall of Fame.

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Fashion in 1976

In 1976, the fashion split into two very different directions. One was the Parisian peasant style, which used capes, turbans, rich fabrics, glowing colors, billowing skirts and puffy sleeves.

The other was the clean-cut All-American look that borrowed stylings from classic sportswear.

The professional uniform of the year was a blazer, cowl-neck sweater and slimmed-down skirt. Bill Blass, Calvin Klein and Ralph Lauren all used tweeds, plaids, corduroys and flannels in tans, grays, browns and muted greens.

Pinstriped pant suits with bow-tied blouses became women’s tuxedos at night. Pants were cuffed to blouse at the ankles, mid-calf or knees, depending on the height of the boot.

Braving the 1976 wilderness were woolly lumberjack shirts, hunter’s red jackets, trapper’s down-filled coats and earth-toned ponchos.

Menswear enjoyed unprecedented freedom as designers mixed styles, textures and colors like never before. The vest became more relevant again.

It wasn’t uncommon to see a man at the office wearing a plaid jacket, a checkered vest and solid flannel pants.

Velvet jackets, cut like tuxedos, were worn over casual pants, giving a note of elegant informality for more formal evenings.

Fashion in 1977

1977 Fashion Magazine Cover (Fall)

In 1977, fashion took on a softer, looser attitude. Designers let clothes fall where they fell and instead chose to twist, tie and gather fabrics instead.

The importance of the soft textile in 1977 cannot be understated. In winter, almost all clothing was made of sensuous fibers such as chenille, challis, chamois, cashmere and mohair.

The baggy style wasn’t popular with everyone. Women with good figures lamented not being able to show them off while those who were slightly heavier complained that loose clothes made them look even bigger.

That didn’t stop design houses from running with the style, however. Gianni Versace and Giorgio Armani brought glamour and attention back to Italy with high fashion success. But the most wearable of the new fashions came from Calvin Klein and Bill Blass, whose drawstring tops perfectly complemented a full dirndl skirt.

Bold gold, shiny satin and bareness of skin made up for the lack of body hugging clothing. Shirts were left unbuttoned, sleeves were rolled up and tops were often lacy, see-through and strapless.

The scarf was the accessory of the year, but it was not used to cover the hair. People let their hair grow naturally — tousled, curly, frizzy or straight. Women would adorn their heads with colorful flowers or golden combs.

Men’s shirts had smaller collars in 1977 and quilted-down ski vests were worn over almost anything, anywhere. It was fashionable to fasten only the lowest button on a double-breasted suit.

Ralph Lauren was elected to the Coty Hall of Fame in 1977.

Fashion in 1978

1978 Fashion: Time Magazine Cover with Cheryl Tiegs

Fashion took a dramatic turn midway through 1978. The casually loose, free-flowing silhouettes suddenly trimmed down. The tearing away of volume meant a clearer definition of the figure.

Broad shoulders loomed above belted waists, hip-rounding skirts and pegged pants. The shape was that of an upside-down triangle. Shoulder pads were resurrected as were the tailored suits and tilted hats of the 1940s. Sultry black worn with elaborately rolled upswept hairdos, silver-fox boas, braceleted gloves and spike-heeled sandals summed up the mood of nostalgic glamour.

The “Retro Look” was best pulled off with a touch of humor by young people dressed for disco dancing.

Also revived in 1978 were strapless tops, bust darts, midriff seams, cummerbunds, waist cinchers, obi wraps as designers zoomed in on the body.

Many retailers were cool on the new curvier clothes, but the fashion industry was convinced that the narrow, sensuous silhouette was the next direction because of womens’ renewed interest in exercise.

In Italy, Giorgio Armani and Gianni Versace sent models marching down runways in militaristic, bold-shouldered outfits of leather and khaki. The fervent customer acceptance of pencil-slim separates by Perry Ellis and Calvin Klein pointed the way back to the body.

A new selection of handsome coats included reefers, reversibles and three-quarter or seven-eights length garments tailored in melton, alpaca and tweed.

Textures were mixed with reckless abandon — the more the merrier. Several neutral shades were jolted with an electric streak of color. Gold chiffons, whipser-weight lames, sequins and bugle beads added dazzle.

The feeling was more relaxed for men. Tweeds dominated suits, jackets and coats. The raglan-sleeve coat gained new adherence as opposed to the fitted coat. Trousers were much less flared than before and in some cases not flared at all. Lapels, ties and shirt collars narrowed. The single most important men’s accessory was the scarf worn outside the jacket.

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Fashion in 1979

In 1979 the tailored suit dominated daytime and evening wear. Quickly vanished had the days of casual sportswear, which had been so popular throughout the 1970s. People were tired of the casual look and had gotten back into businesswear. By 1979, fashion that was known as “seventies” fashion had fully transformed into what people now would think of as eighties fashion. As the eighties approached, the fashion world seemed to have gotten a head start.

With an increased emphasis on formality, blazers and pants skirts became much more easily mixed and matched. The trend of heavily padded shoulders first hit the scene in 1978, which borrowed and somewhat exaggerated the 1940s look, had surged more visibly into the mainstream in 1979.

The eccentricity that highlighted early 1979 gave way to a more powerful and respectable look by fall.

Fashion designers had to promptly react to the fact that there were an unprecedented number of women in the workforce. Design houses had gotten used to spending the bulk of their time creating clothing for women who were at home or at parties, not in the office. But times were certainly changing and the most successful designers saw this opportunity for a new market, they adapted, and capitalized.

The Executive Woman owned at least one tailored suit. The jacket could be either short and shapely or long and lean. The straight skirt was knee-length and could possibly have a front or side slit that put a subtle emphasis on the legs. To offset the more traditionally masculine look of “business suit style”, women were experimenting with hats, high heels, ruffles that peaked out from the jacket and large jewelry to keep a confident, yet feminine, look in tact.

Beyond the suit, the novelty sweater was the second most important item in a 1979 wardrobe. Thick, hand-knit styles popularized by Perry Ellis, Geoffrey Beene and Ralph Lauren were flying off the shelves. Sweaters were decorated with a wide array of sequins, ribbon trims and other designs, sometimes asymmetrical, to modernize the look of classic angora, alpaca, wool and cashmere. Women’s sweaters often had metallic thread woven into natural yarns.

The most popular color combinations in 1979 were red and black, black and white, and white and red. Deep dark grays (think charcoal) were also popular, as were earth tones in about any combination you can imagine. If a splash of color was desired, some derivative of purple was usually the preferred choice.

For men, Giorgio Armani was hailed as the most creative new designer. He displayed courage when trying out bold new colors that had not been seen in menswear in years, if ever.

Physical fitness was important to the general public in 1979, and thus dictated trimmer waists, slimmer suits and smaller shirt collars and ties. In the south, mid-west and west, the “Western Look” was still going strong. Flannel shirts sold extremely well.

Halston and Calvin Klein created a stir by refusing to accept their Coty Awards. Mary McFadden was inducted into the Hall of Fame. Special awards were given to Barry Kieselstein-Cord for jewelry, to Gil Truedsson for men’s shoes and Conrad Bell for men’s furs.

Women’s Fashion Pictures, 1970-1974

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Women’s Fashion Pictures, 1975-1979

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Men’s Fashion Pictures, 1970-1974

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Men’s Fashion Pictures, 1975-1979

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