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Rouse defines the term ‘Digital Divide’ as the gap between the learners who have full access to the modern information and communications technology and those who have low or no access to the internet and digital devices.

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Radovanovic believes that effective use of digital technologies such as mobile phones, televisions, internet, computers and other digital tools and software can narrow the issue of digital divide. Howell, in her book ‘Teaching with ICT’ states that Australian students are digital natives. Students access to varieties of technologies in their homes. They have great opportunities to engage and interact with people around the world, by the means digital technology. Howell also emphases that students constantly develop the technological skills and knowledge to effectively communicate with others through online collaboration, social media, texts, multimedia messages and emails.

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National Assessment Program 2014’s report reflects, the ICT literacy performance of year 6 and year 10 students was significantly declined as comparison to the 2011 outcomes. The evidence emphasises that the use of computer at home differs from school due to geographical locations, students’ background, parental occupation and the use of different computer programs, software and applications. It is reported that communication and entertainment applications to be frequently accessed at home than at school.

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Radovanovic argues, not everybody on earth can afford to have digital technologies in their homes and pockets, even though today’s generation has born on the digital world. Those learners experience exclusion from the social, educational, economic and political life.

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Therefore, educational institutions and the government bodies should focus on students’, families’ and the current living societies’ expectations, needs, interests and affordability to digital technologies. This approach can strengthen the world-class ICT education and helps wider societies and school communities to minimise the crises of digital divide within the 21 st century’s generation and beyond.

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References
Howell, J. (2013). Teaching With ICT.  Retrieved from https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/curtin/reader.action?docID=1986003&query=

National Assessment Program. (2014). NAP Sample Assessment Reports. Retrieved from https://www.nap.edu.au/results-and-reports/national-reports

Radovanovic, D. (2013, Novemner 14). Australian Science. Social media and mobile technologies in bridging digital divides. Retrieved from http://www.australianscience.com.au/internet-2/social-media-and-mobiletechnologies/

Rouse, M. (n.d.). Digital Divide. Retrieved from https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/digital-divide

Natalie, N. (n.d.). Collaborative Learning: Why is it important? [Image]. Retrieved from http://www.netsupportschool.com/whitepaper.asp

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News Corp Australia Network. (2012). Educators fear 'digital divide' for students if Canberra pulls out of free laptop scheme [Image]. Retrieved from http://www.news.com.au/technology/educators-fear-digital-divide-for-students-if-canberra-pulls-out-of-free-laptop scheme/news story/a9da13125265e73d6d929367905fe395

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Royal Free Music [Audio file]. Retrieved from https://www.bensound.com/royalty-free-music/2

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