# data[].attributes.headline
Trends in Biometric and Iot 2016-2018 (Nishanth

# data[].attributes.subject
Trends in Biometric and Iot 2016-2018 (Nishanth

# data[].attributes.body
Trends in Biometric and IoT

Biometric technology has been here for quite some time, it also known to be the latest form of technology, it continues to undergo vast improvement in recent years.

1)  Biometric will enter the world of common consumer mind.

-       As apple lead the trend with the facial recognition. These technologies will be prominently consumed by the consumers, and will continue to advance in their accuracy and security for the user. Facial recognition is the method used by the consumers nowadays to use it to mobile payments, retail applications and secure access on-the-go.

2)  Biometric authentication

-       In the corporate industries,  we have seen increasing interest from the corporate sector in deploying biometric identification system to access into the system.  For example the introduction of smart cameras, access control system using biometrics and turnstile technologies. Companies are working together to maximize the potential of new advanced technologies.

3)  Biometrics in healthcare

-       From the latest healthcare industries research’s report shows that the use of biometrics in healthcare among the global healthcare biometrics market will rapidly grow at CAGR of 22.9 percent. Means biometrics in healthcare are already being used for access control applications. Which is used for identifying hospital personnel, patients, restricting the access for specific areas within the hospital and some healthcare institutions. As we move on each year applications are being developed to solve specific healthcare challenges. For example professionals will be able to use the biometrics for identification which will grant access and also deny access if not permitted. Also enables professionals to make more informed decisions for each patients in order to ensure they receive accurate treatment and medication dosages.

# data[].attributes.headline
Trends in Biometric & IoT 2016-2018 (Vincent)

# data[].attributes.subject
Trends in Biometric & IoT 2016-2018 (Vincent)

# data[].attributes.body
Trends in biometric

Wearables:

Wearable devices started to become more accessible to more people. During 2016 and prior to that, wearable devices were quite expensive, starting from USD$300. For most people paying 300 dollars for a wearable device that does not have much functionality is quite expensive.

Nowadays, wearable devices getting cheaper and cheaper. A device such as Mi Band has pedometer ad able to count your calorie burned and also give notification in form of vibration and blinkers when your phone gets a notification.

The more expensive wearable devices have more functionality and features such as heartrate tracking and fitness tracker. Your wearable devices will be able to monitor your heartrate in a period of time and give report about it. It is a good health information and the user will be able to check their heartrate record and make decisions based on the record. They can do preliminary self-diagnosis on their own well-being which is useful to prevent sickness or further damage to their body and get themselves check with medical expert.

It changes people lifestyle. Recent wearable devices help people to communicate without their smartphone. You can essentially send messages and call your friends and family with your wearable devices such as smart watches. Wearables devices also help user to interact with IoT device such as lamp and car. You can now unlock your car or turn off your light just with your smart watch.

Mobile:

Biometric has been used as security feature long time ago. The first type of biometric security that is getting popular and mass adoption is fingerprint sensor to lock and unlock your smartphone and popularized by Apple with the launch of iPhone 5 and called it Touch ID. Since then, flagship smartphone starting to have fingerprint sensor and eventually these days low to mid range smartphone has this feature.

Facial recognition is also getting quite popular biometric security feature that is adopted on smartphone. The technology security measure depends on the quality of camera because manufacturers utilize the front-facing camera as facial detector. However, it was not proven to be so secure because people can use picture of the user of the smartphone to fool the biometric security to unlock the smartphone. Until 2017 when Apple announced iPhone X with their facial recognition security called Face ID. It has its own dedicated camera for facial recognition and proven to be vastly superior than previous iteration of facial biometric as security feature in smartphone. So far, Face ID can be fooled with person that has identical facial feature such as twins and family members that do look a like to each other. Face ID can be said is the most advance mass adopted facial recognition biometric technology embedded onto smartphone as security feature.

Both facial recognition and fingerprint detection is already used for transaction authenticator. Before conducting transaction, payee requires to go through verification process to make sure the payee is the one conducted the transaction. The traditional approach of this verification process is by using specific transaction password and using TAC system that use SMS/specific mobile application. This process can be difficult for some people. People may forget password and resetting the password is not an easy process. Usually payee requires to send their ID card/passport to verify payee identity to transaction platform and it may take few hours to few days to process this identification process. TAC is better than smartphone but it ties the user to mobile carriers can if the carries has issue with delivering messages or transaction conducted in low signal area, TAC might not go into the user smartphone and transaction cannot be processed.

By using biometric, it will simplify the process of transaction authentication. The authentication is conducted locally on the mobile device itself and when verified, transaction is going to be process through internet. Facial recognition and fingerprint are the currently used biometric security in transaction authentication process. It is faster than TAC and easier than password.

# data[].attributes.headline
Current trends in biometrics from 2016-2018 (Edward)

# data[].attributes.subject
Current trends in biometrics from 2016-2018 (Edward)

# data[].attributes.body
Biometric trends in 2016

Two-factor authentication is a major trend where biometrics will be adopted. An ID card-based system identifies people based on what they have... A password based system identifies a person based on what they know... Biometrics is the only technology which identifies a person based on who they uniquely are. Combining any two of these makes for a safer authentication process, but biometrics represents the unique identity to each and every individual and when done properly are extremely difficult to hack, steal or replicate, unlike a token or password. Two-factor authentication with biometrics opens up a whole new level of security not previously offered by passwords, tokens, pins, or cards.

Tightening security measures in response to global security threats has the defense, customs, and border protection services looking to biometrics as the solution. Security measures by different governments include:

Biometric voting systems

Passports (ePassports)

Driving licenses

Border management

National ID's

There is a growing focus on enterprise safety and security of both physical and logical assets. Cloud and computer storage of important documents has been a driving factor for this. As businesses are moving some of their most important and sensitive information to the logical space, and data threats are becoming more popular, security of these assets has become one of their biggest struggles.

Growing adoption in the banking and financial services sector might be the major trend to watch. With the most recent advent of mobile banking, a greater number of people will use mobile payments authenticated by biometrics in the upcoming years. For example we can look at the number of banks to add biometrics using Apple's Touch ID to their mobile banking app for user authentication, CIBC (Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce) being the most recent. We can also look at the release of Apple Pay from those major providers - Chase, Wells Fargo, Bank of America and American Express in multiple countries. We are on the cusp of real mobile payment adoption as consumers mobile lifestyle continues to drive new behavior and services from financial institutions. Adding biometrics (like Touch iD) will add in another layer of security and convenience - a deadly combination for rapid adoption.

Other industries like healthcare adopt biometrics at a fast rate. From correctly identifying patients to the pressing need for bringing down the incidence of healthcare frauds, not to mention the financial benefits offered, biometrics present a practical solution for the healthcare industry.

Using different biometric modalities was another trend to watch for in 2016. Largely influenced by the mobile world (500 million sensors in mobile phones in 2016 [Acuity market]), more and more apps are leveraging the fingerprint scanner on smart phones by companies like Apple and Samsung. Other modalities, especially face recognition and to a lesser degree iris recognition will have some exposure to the mass market, but their performance and ease of use will directly determine their rate of adoption. From smart clothing and bands, wearables will continue to have a huge impact on the biometrics market. Wearables introduce new biometric modalities like electro-cardio gram sensors that open up the range of capabilities for biometrics.

Lastly, we note the integration of biometrics to secure the Internet of Things and subsequently the Industrial Internet of Things was the biggest market trend to watch for in 2016. IoT has the potential to redefine the way we use and secure devices and systems in the consumer, enterprise, and manufacturing worlds. It represents machine-to-machine and machine-to-sensor communication and the ability of these machines to gather data and leverage its use. As such the Internet of Things is emerging as an adoptive concept for both consumers and businesses. As the Internet of Things continues to evolve so will the mainstream use of biometrics. Biometric authentication offers the ease and convenience users want and the verification enterprises and manufacturers require for IoT because it is able to verify the true identity of the user of the application. From smart homes, to the automotive industry, banking, and healthcare, there will be endless applications in various industries in which biometrics will be integrated.

Biometric trends in 2017

Online banking

The integration of biometrics in online banking provides banks and retailers the opportunity to offer safer payments and transfers thereby increasing customer loyalty and convenience. Although customers were initially apprehensive about the security risks associated with digital banking, providing an added layer of security with biometrics will help to pacify consumer doubts and increase their trust. It allows customers to authenticate their transactions using their fingerprints, face, eyes from any corner of the world and that too with far lower risks than passwords that can be stolen. Therefore, the growing adoption of biometrics in the banking sector is one major trend to watch out for. Traditionally, online shoppers have been bogged down by endless password lists and credit card PINs. The use of modalities such as fingerprint scanning and facial recognition will not only offer a great deal of convenience but also an exciting and new form of security and identity verification. With the rapid innovation in the field of biometric technologies, it will be no surprise if passwords soon become obsolete.

MasterCard announced that it has been working on a concept called selfie pay. It allows customers to approve their online purchases by taking a picture of themselves for verification. This is an example of facial recognition technology. Customers also have the option of using their fingerprints to authenticate their purchases. Nowadays, most modern laptops are equipped with web cams and fingerprint scanners.

Immigration services

Immigration and law enforcement agencies around the world consider fingerprints to be one of the most reliable identification tools. The use of biometrics helps to strengthen the integrity of the country’s immigration program as it helps to prevent known criminals, those deported in the past and failed refuge claimants to obtain a visa by using a different identity. It also makes legitimate travel easier and 🤬 in smooth passenger flow at airports by readily and accurately confirming identity.

eGovernment processes

Current eGovernment applications face important issues in terms of information security and accurate user authentication. In developing countries, getting access to government services is not a simple and convenient task. It is rather a long and time consuming process. The use of biometrics will enable eGovernment processes to reliably identify citizens and safeguard the integrity of sensitive data stored in information systems. Governments are able to prevent fraud during elections as the use of fingerprint recognition in e-voting helps to ensure that citizens do not vote twice.

Workforce management

The integration of biometrics is workforce management systems is a rapidly growing trend as it helps to eliminate employee time theft and increases identification accuracy and reliability. Time theft costs U.S. companies millions of dollars annually and traditional methods such as passwords and swipe cards are unable to sniff out employees that engage in buddy punching. The deployment of biometrics workforce management systems will help to achieve higher and faster return on investment by ensuring employee accountability and increasing productivity.

Multi-factor authentication

Till today, the most common and widespread method of authentication employs solely passwords but they are highly prone to loss and theft. It is well-known that identity thefts cost businesses a huge amount of money to the tune of billions of dollars. The deployment of proper biometric solutions will help to significantly curb identity thefts and thus provide great benefits for the economy. The most successful way in which biometrics can be used to enhance security is to incorporate multi-factor authentication as it would reduce risk by involving different types of factors. It would require the intruder to use different methods of attack as more than one type of authenticating factor is involved thereby making a breach extremely difficult.

A multi-factor authentication combines at least two of the following methods to verify a user’s identity. The factors are, something the user knows (password), something the user has (a trusted identifier) and something the user is (unique biometric). A PIN and password combination is not considered multi-factor since both factors are something the user knows. A full three-factor authentication will enable enterprises to combine password, a device identifier along with the most important factor i.e. the unique biometric such as fingerprint or face. This kind of authentication approach is the future of biometrics technology and will provide excellent benefits to enterprise-wide security systems. Companies need to introduce multi-factor authentication and ensure that users are educated on how to use them.

Point of sale (POS)

Some retailers and ATM manufacturers are also experimenting with solutions such as POS fingerprint readers. It eliminates the use of PINs or bar-codes and enhances the shopping experience for customers. When implemented at school lunch lines, it helps to create stress free environment for students. They simply need to scan their fingers to get their lunch. They are not required to carry cash or remember their PIN. Retailers will able to realize their return on investment (ROI) faster as fingerprint biometrics can effectively eliminate point of sale shrink and payroll theft.

Wearable devices

These devices will have a huge impact on the biometrics market in the bands and smart clothing segment. Wearables introduce new modalities such as electro-cardiogram sensors and therefore open up a range of capabilities for biometric technology. One example is the Nymi band that uses ECG biometrics and can be used for making payments as well as in access control applications.

Biometric trends in 2018

- Facial Recognition For Sure!

Facial recognition technology has arrived with quite an impact and made its mark in 2017. Not limited to just unlocking your phone in 2018, this technology will unlock all of its potential for consumers. Not just phones, or drones, anything with a camera will be equipped with facial recognition technology as tool for achieving what was previously thought to be unlikely.

- Behavioral Biometrics Is Coming!

The signature may have been the most common forms of behavioral biometrics, simply put, the way you right your name. But the latest behavioral biometrics will surely not be limited to signatures. Digital signatures as authentication methods have become a powerful tool but e-signatures are the future. It is common to have been wrongfully accused by Google of being a robot due to a strange or repetitive activity or a credit card transaction at a random location to be unapproved. These are all basic forms of behavioural biometrics at work, and with the advancements in technology, more and more services will surface in 2018.

- “Point Of Sale” Is A Valid Point!

The successful and practical use of POS with the latest biometric technology of 2018, will mean that things like PINs, barcodes, etc. will also be eliminated for a simpler solution for consumers. Financial institutions may eliminate checks and cards for biometric authentication and authorization like a fingerprint.

- Multi-Modal Authentication Is What We Need Now!

Authentication services which are multi-modal are aimed at reducing identity theft and its associated harms. The combination of a traditional method of authentication like password with a biometric solution such as fingerprint, is just the beginning of what can be achieved in multimodal authentication services. Fraudulent activities collectively account for billions of dollars in losses and damages.

- Biometrics In Healthcare Is Good For Health.

In 2018, we can expect to see the solution of specific healthcare challenges. An example scenario: healthcare professionals will identify patients using biometrics, receive access to real-time patient history for making swift and accurate decisions of treatment. This will assist in avoiding the mix-ups in dosage, allergens, etc.

Due to the need for maintaining hygiene in the healthcare facilities, non-invasive and touch-free biometrics will flourish. Services will be offered in treatment facilities, gyms, and other hygiene sensitive locations while protecting health and hygiene using the latest biometrics such as facial recognition, etc.

- Airports Will Expand Biometric Use Beyond Passport Control.

Currently, over 800 million biometric passports are in complete circulation and are accounted for through airport check-ins. In 2018, we can expect to see this latest biometrics trends to establish a higher purpose that makes the airport experience more efficient by eliminating long lines and tedious checking.

In-motion biometric technology will allow the recognition of individuals while they go about their business in the airport without the need to stop and ask for authentication documents. This technology will allow to identify every individual in the airport premises with a single token without the need to constantly rechecking at every point.

For example, a passenger can be identified as themselves while they shop, wait, board, etc. instead of through the traditional process of airlines, security personnel, airport staff/duty free, customs agents, etc.  Without passport and boarding cards, in-motion biometrics technology will allow passengers to use themselves as their identification token.

# data[].attributes.body
Internet of Things (IoT) wants to connect all potential objects to interact with each other on the internet to provide secure, comfort life for human. IoT makes it possible for our world to be connected together. Nowadays we almost have internet infrastructure wherever and we can use it whenever. Embedded computing devices such as MP3 players, MRI, traffic lights, microwave ovens, washing machines and dishwashers, GPS even heart monitoring implants or biochip and etc. would be exposed to internet influence.

Why do we need IoT ?

1. Environmental Monitoring

With the aid of water, soil or air measurement device, you can tell the condition of a plant

With the aid of earthquake or tsunami warning systems, we can prevent less damages.

We can monitor wild life habit and by this tracking, prepare them their desire condition and prevent their extinction.

2. Infrastructure Management

Infrastructure Management is useful for monitoring and tracking if there is any problem in urban or rural Infrastructure such as bridges, railway or etc to diminish and reduce risk of danger and any failure in strength would be tested and alarmed as soon as possible to repair it.

3. Industrial Applications

Industrial Applications investigate the quality of product in order to realtime optimizing to have a good marketing such as who are most interested to which product and how this product can find marketing with which tiny changes.

4. Energy Management

Energy Management are categorized with systems which are connected to internet and with some sensor to reduce power consumption such as cloud based, remote control for oven , lamp and etc

# data[].attributes.body
IoT is known as internet of things. It is the network of physical devices, vehicles, home appliances, and things embedded with electronic softwares, sensors, any connectivity which enables us to connect and as well as exchange data. It also helps us improve our way of living life.Also create opportunities for more direct integration of the physical world into more beneficial computer based system. Which resulting in efficiency improvements, economic benefits and also reducing human intervention.Common instances like embedded computer devices are mp3 devices, MRI, traffic lights, microwaves ovens, washing machines, gps, heart monitoring implants, biochips and etc.

https://www.codeproject.com/Articles/833251/What-is-IoT-and-Why-we-need-IoT

https://www.amplia-iiot.com/10-reasons-why-you-need-iot-platform/

# data[].attributes.body
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals or people that are provided with unique identifiers and the ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction. At present IoT technology is used usually with the concept of smart car, smart home, smart garbage management and smart healthcare system.

IoT considered as the

# data[].attributes.body
IoT is a new technology on computer in smaller form that is now started to be implemented rapidly in many areas. The usefulness of IoT now is already widely known to people, especially in first world countries. The famous applications of IoT are wearable devices and smart home.

For example with smart home, you can open your garage, turn on or off your AC unit, fan, lamp, play music, etc. just from your smart phone. It is a very convenient technology. You can prepare your home to be heated up or cooled before you get home so you can get comfortable. While cooking, you can ask your personal assistant to play music, podcast, or show videos of cooking recipe.

IoT is needed for us to communicate with objects like never before. Just like mentioned above, now we can "communicate" with our lamp, speaker, AC unit with our smartphone. We can even turn non-electronic object to be communicative with IoT such as sprinklers in farms. You can set and change schedule of the sprinklers, how many is going to turn on, check water tank, etc.

IoT is going to be beneficial by giving convenience for users and promote automation so we can focus on improving our technology and other things. Accessibility is one of the benefits of IoT. Now people without hands can use their voice control to control their home without help from other people and be independent. Later on when self-driving car is implemented widely, disabled people will be able to go anywhere they want by using commands to the computer and point their destination easily.

-----
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/advantages-disadvantages-internet-things-iot-tommy-quek

https://sites.google.com/a/cortland.edu/the-internet-of-things/advantages

http://iot.umsconferences.com/2017/10/08/5-benefits-and-applications-of-internet-of-things-technology/

https://www.analyticsvidhya.com/blog/2016/08/10-youtube-videos-explaining-the-real-world-applications-of-internet-of-things-iot/

http://g3ict.org/download/p/fileId_1025/productId_335