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Black people were forbidden to sit next to white people on a bus.
(On interdisait aux noirs de s'asseoir à côté des blancs dans un bus.)

Black people were not allowed to go to the same laundries.
(Les noirs n'étaient pas autorisés à aller dans les mêmes laveries.)

Black people couldn't use the same public toilets as the whites.
(Les noirs ne pouvaient pas utiliser les mêmes toilettes publiques que les blancs.)

L'OBLIGATION DANS LE PASSE

People of different races had to go to different public places.
(Les personnes de races différentes devaient aller dans des lieux publics différents.)

L'AUTORISATION DANS LE PASSE

Black people were only allowed to go to schools reserved to coloured people.

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Segregation is the act of separating people, based on race or gender for example.

In the USA, in the 1950s, the Jim Crow Laws pretended to make sure that this segregation was not unfair, that Whites and Blacks were treated the same (« separate but equal »). But in reality, Blacks were treated as second-class citizens. They were forbidden to use the same drinking fountains as Whites, they were not allowed to go to the same school, they couldn't go to the same movie theatres...

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THE CONTEXT p 4

HARRIET TUBMAN, a black slave, is very famous because she escaped from a southern state to a free northern state in 1849 and helped hundreds of other slaves to be free.

The AMERICAN CIVIL WAR started in 1861 and finished in 1865. The northern states fought against the southern states because the northern states wanted to abolish slavery. Finally, the Northern states won the war.

ABRAHAM LINCOLN freed the slaves with the Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 and slavery was abolished in 1865. He was assassinated by a pro-slavery rebel in 1865.

The southern states implemented laws that kept black people separate from white people. These laws were called the JIM CROW LAWS and this system of separation between races was called segregation.

THE REACTIONS p 5

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Write about a painting : thank you Floriane !

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Write about a painting : thank you Floriane !

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A VERY SHORT HISTORY OF THE USA

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NOUNS
racism
discrimination
segregation
a painting by Norman Rockwell
a dress (une robe)
an insult
a ruler (règle) / a rubber (gomme)
an armbad (un brassard)
blood (du sang)
the crowd (la foule)
a second-class citizen (un citoyen de seconde classe)
a waiting room (une salle d'attente)
a laundry (une laverie)
a motto  (une devise)
the law (la loi)
the back of buses (l'arrière des bus)
a bench (un banc)
a caption (une légende)

ADJECTIVES
fair (juste)
proud of (fier de)
ashamed of (honteux)
depressed (déprimé)

VERBS
hold (tenir)
follow (suivre)
scare (faire peur, effrayer)
attend a school (fréquenter une école)
implement (instaurer)
take place (avoir lieu)
mingle with (se mélanger avec)
enforce a law (mettre une loi en vigueur

EXPRESSIONS
whereas (alors que, bien que)
in the foreground (au premier plan)
in the background (en arrière plan)
on the right (à droite)
on the left (à gauche)
behind (derrière)
in front of (devant)
next to (à côté de)
in the middle (au milieu)
at the top (en haut)
at the bottom (en bas)
actually (en fait)
Maybe the little girl in going to school.