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Beyoncé's song "If I Were a Boy" presents how men and women have different social expectations in relationships.

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Steven Crowder debates male privilege on a college campus.

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Male Privilege Is A Myth | Change My Mind

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Transgender males talk about the differences they experience while presenting themselves as both genders.

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Some people still don't think male privilege exists!!! So we talked to five transgender men who have experienced life on both sides of the gender divide. And they can all confirm that life is pretty different when everyone sees you as a man.

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Top 10 Women's Activists identified in 2014

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This video presents intersectionality in a way that is easy to understand, even for younger ages.

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"Intersectional feminism" is much more than the latest feminist buzzword. It is a decades-old term many feminists use to explain how the feminist movement can be more diverse and inclusive.

If feminism is advocating for women's rights and equality between the sexes, intersectional feminism is the understanding of how women's overlapping identities - including race, class, ethnicity, religion and sexual orientation - impact the way they experience oppression and discrimination.

A white woman is penalized by her gender but has the advantage of race. A black woman is disadvantaged by her gender and her race. A Latina lesbian experiences discrimination because of her ethnicity, her gender and her sexual orientation.

Intersectionality has received increased attention in part due to how the Women's March on Washington came together. The rally, which began organically on Facebook, was initially criticized for failing to include any women of color as organizers. Now its leaders include Tamika Mallory, an African-American civil rights activist and former director of the National Action Network; Linda Sarsour, a Muslim who heads the Arab American Association of New York; and Carmen Perez, a Latina activist who directs Harry Belafonte's Gathering for Justice. The march's policy platform is called "Unity Principles," which include the belief that "gender justice is racial justice is economic justice."
At 2.6 million strong, Women's Marches crush expectations
"This has been a conversation about feminism for years, but what we're witnessing now is a literacy, newer generations are coming to feminism and starting to understand how intersectionality fits within their feminism and how it can widen their view in a sense of how we think about advocating and shaping policy," said Syreeta McFadden, professor of English at the Borough of Manhattan Community College in New York City and a writer on racial discrimination and African-American culture.

The concept was given a name in 1989, when Kimberlé Crenshaw, a law professor at UCLA and Columbia and a leading thinker on race theory, wrote a seminal paper on the topic.

Today, the term makes some people uncomfortable in part because it suggests that white women recognize their privilege and examine the ways in which that privilege can make other women invisible within the feminist movement.
Watch live: Women's March on Washington
"White women do not want to jeopardize their power or their interests, so now they need to ask what they will do differently to help other women," said Ruth Enid Zambrana, director of the Consortium on Race, Gender and Ethnicity at the University of Maryland and the interim director of the university's U.S. Latino Studies Initiative.

Intersectional feminism means not focusing solely on breaking the glass ceiling in corporate America, for instance, but in raising the minimum wage, as nearly two-thirds of minimum-wage workers in the U.S. are women, according to the National Women's Law Center.

"I'm a bit over how the mainstream narrative flattens the feminist movement to try to make it into the Sheryl Sandberg-identity of feminism," McFadden said. "Not to say that she didn't have ideas that were helpful and on point, but there is a class conversation that gets lost."

Intersectionality also means broadening the conversation around reproductive rights.

"Some intersectional feminists have been critical of framing reproductive justice claims in terms of a feminist demand for 'choice,' since choice discourse presumes that all women have the economic means to afford an abortion if they so choose," said Juliet Williams, professor of gender studies at UCLA. "Moreover, privileging attention to abortion rights over other reproductive justice issues - such as forced sterilization - can be seen to elevate a middle-class white women' agenda over other issues that are equally if not more important to poor women and women of color."

In the current political climate, some say the time is right to embrace intersectionality.

"Intersectional feminism is especially important right now as we face a situation in which many women are confronting multiple forms of vulnerability," Williams said. "In times like this, there is a real danger that feminism itself can function in an exclusionary manner by marginalizing less powerful and less privileged women and allies - the very people who most need feminism today."

Here's how feminist scholars explain the meaning of intersectionality in their own words:
Juliet Williams, professor of gender studies at UCLA
"Intersectional feminism is a form of feminism that stands for the rights and empowerment of all women, taking seriously the fact of differences among women, including different identities based on radicalization, sexuality, economic status, nationality, religion, and language. Intersectional feminism attends to the ways in which claims made in the name of women as a class can function to silence or marginalize some women by universalizing the claims of relatively privileged women."
Nancy J. Hirschmann, director of the Alice Paul Center for Research on Women, Gender, and Sexuality at the University of Pennsylvania
"Intersectional feminism is the idea that 'gender' or 'women' doesn't just refer to a single unified concept: all women have a race, whether white, black, Asian, Latina, etc. as well as a class, ethnicity, religion, etc., and their experiences as 'women' differ because of those other differences. The different aspects of our identity intersect - white women's experiences 'as women' is partly defined by their race, just like black women's experiences are, it's just that it's easier for white women to ignore their race. So if 'feminism' is supposed to represent 'women' it has to attend to those differences."
Ruth Enid Zambrana, director of the Consortium on Race, Gender and Ethnicity at the University of Maryland
"There isn't just one 'feminism. There are 'feminisims.'"

"Intersectionalism is crucial. How do we begin to disentangle 'women' from 'African American women' from 'Puerto Rican' women from 'Mexican American women' from 'international women'?"

"White women need to recognize that gender isn't a single category. There is a need to acknowledge underrepresented women and domestic groups that have different histories and are at a tremendous disadvantage."
Alia Dastagir writes about media and culture for USA TODAY. You can follow her on Twitter @alia_e.

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What is intersectional feminism? A look at the term you may be hearing a lot

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"Intersectional feminism" is much more than the latest feminist buzzword. It is a decades-old term many feminists use to explain how the feminist movement can be more diverse and inclusive. If feminism is advocating for women's rights and equality between the sexes, intersectional feminism is the understanding of how women's overlapping identities - including race, class, ethnicity, religion and sexual orientation - impact the way they experience oppression and discrimination.

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Set Up:

Have the movie loaded and do a soundcheck before facilitating the activity

Goals & Learning Outcomes:

To examine the intersection of race and sexuality, age and sexuality, culture and sexuality, inter-family dynamics and expectations, homophobia and racism, and other emergent tensions from the film

To actively engage participants and help them find what they feel is impactful or meaningful from the film, to allow them a way to talk about themes that struck them without having to talk about their personal experiences or lives

To provide a frameworks to examine intersections of different identities and oppressions

Priming:

"We are going to be digging into a movie for the next while and after the movie finishes we are going to be spending some time debriefing and discussing the film. The movie is called La Mission and we wanted to give a quick warning that there are scenes that contain homophobic/transphobic language, as well as scenes containing physical violence. If you at any point need to take a break from the movie, please feel free. We hope the movie sparks some discussion around the intersections of race, sexuality, culture, age, and family. Please feel free to take notes during the movie about things that you want to explore more in our discussion groups."

Process Steps & Talking Points:

1. Watch the movie - check in about whether people would appreciate subtitles (in Spanish or English).

2. After the movie finishes, ask people to journal for a few minutes about what thoughts or feelings came up for them while watching the movie.

3. Break into discussion groups

4. Facilitate discussion around the themes you had previously identified as relevant or important for your participant group.

5. Wrap up the activity.

Process Questions:
There are a lot of different themes you can focus on from this film, these are just suggested themes and suggested questions to spark discussion.
Theme 1: Generational differences and expectations - intersection with race and sexuality

Why did you choose to dialogue around this issue? What was particularly striking to you about this topic?

How is Jes impacted by his father's disapproval of his sexual orientation? Why do you think he processes this the way he does? Does the way he processes relate to his identity?

When Che finds out about Jes's sexual orientation, he interrogates Jes and accuses him of allowing himself to be "manhandled". Based on the way that Jes was interrogated, what do you think about Che's feelings around being gay?

What are some generational differences or disconnects that you experience that relate to race or sexuality? How have you processed and made sense of these?

Theme 2: Race and sexual orientation and the intersection

Why did you choose to dialogue around this issue? What was particularly striking to you about this topic?

How does Jes's identity as a gay, Latino man impact how others view him? How he views himself? How would this be different if he were White?

How does Che's discovery of Jes's sexual orientation challenge his notion of masculinity? What about the challenges to Che's ideas around race?

In what ways did the movie talk about or deal with the intersection of identities? How would things have been different if Jes were a more feminine man?

How do you see the intersection of race and sexual orientation come up in your own life?

Theme 3: Context and the influences of gentrification and cultural expectations on sexaul orientation

Why did you choose to dialogue around this issue? What was particularly striking to you about this topic?

What cultural expectations where Che and Jes shaped by?

What role did the context of the film being set in the mission district play in the film?

Benjamin Bratt (actor who plays Che) explains in an interview that his brother, Peter Bratt (the director of the film) had been confronted verbally by people from the [Latino] community saying, "Why do you want to have this gay element in our story? We're already facing enough in the community. Why do you want to open this up?" ...What do you make of these questions? Can you understand where they are coming from?

What other elements of our lives, in terms of the context or locations that we live, influence how we interact or understand our race and sexuality? What influences your understanding?

Wrap Up:

Close out the discussion groups intentionally by summarizing something you learned during the discussion or asking folks what questions they are going to keep considering in light of the discussion. You can also bring the large group back together to talk about what was discussed in smaller groups.

Co-Facilitator Notes:

If you're working with a co-facilitator, consider together what your levels of participation are going to be in the cluster conversations groups. If you're not working with a co-facilitator, consider whether you want to break down the large groups into smaller conversation pods, and appoint someone as the facilitator for the group, or if you want to simply do the activity as a large group.

Challenges & Tips:

You can structure this activity in small groups around the themes outlined in the process questions section, or you can simply have one large discussion group. It is best to consider the size of the group and how much participation you would like in the discussion, and then decide on the group size.
This activity was first created for the Growing Allies retreat at University of Michigan by Meg and the team at MESA in the Fall of 2014.

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Have the movie loaded and do a soundcheck before facilitating the activity To examine the intersection of race and sexuality, age and sexuality, culture and sexuality, inter-family dynamics and expectations, homophobia and racism, and other emergent tensions from the film To actively engage participants and help them find what they

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Gender as a social construct ≠ gender is imaginary

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I will live but that is all that I will do for patriarchy, is my conscientious feminist motto. It is not always an easy task for women, however, because society constantly tries to diminish feminist consciousness by encouraging women to redefine rather than, remove, oppression. For instance, rather than embolden legal action against rape, women are encouraged to alter their behaviour to avoid being raped. This is an example of the more obvious ways in which male supremacy oppresses women. However, some of the ways that it operates are not as easily perceived. Here are seven examples.

Makes you feel invisible - You are the only woman in a social setting and you feel invisible, not because you are crouching in a corner wearing a camouflage outfit but because whenever you say something no one seems to hear you as they do not respond let alone acknowledge that you spoke.

Makes you feel ashamed - You are, again, in a social setting, this time a mixed gender- but nevertheless 'testostereneal' one. You have not suggested that you and your friends or colleagues ought to have an orgy on the spot, but rather you felt compelled to share that you enjoy the particular company that you are in. But you might as well have proposed the orgy because at least then they would have had reason to react as though you said something to be madly ashamed of.

Makes you think that sex with men is always great - You have watched yet another movie (mainstream porn is high-risk), read yet another book (male authors are more likely to trigger) or read yet another survey (again, check gender of researchers), which depicts heterosexual sex as commonly and automatically satisfying. Meaning that something must be wrong with you because looking back at your sexual experiences, you have encountered at least one guy who lasted the duration of a sneeze and then fell asleep, one who seemed confused about the locations of your vagina and your anus, and one, who not only thought it, but actually suggested that he would enjoy urinating on you.

Makes you think motherhood is a joyride - It occurs to you, just as you arrive from the labour ward, new baby in tow, that you have made the biggest mistake of your life. Realising that you do not have a 30-day-guarantee and nor are you eligible for a full refund (your body and some sleep), you panic, staring at the alien, if wonderful, being that is your very own child. Deep down inside, you know that you are having those rather misfitting thoughts simply because you are fatigued, having after all squeezed out a human being from a small orifice in your body, and also because you are scared to death of the responsibilities ahead of you. In other words, congratulations, you are a human being. But nobody else seems to feel the way that you do. The doctors certainly never warned you of such sentiments, so instead you start worrying how your beautiful baby will fare with a bad, bad mother like you.

Makes you feel like a commodity - You walk past a strip club and feel your sense of worth drop 1) because you are reminded that you live in a society where women are presented like grilled pigs on display in the windows of restaurants in China Town and 2) because the men who whirr around strip clubs like restless drones are some of the lowest of the lowest scum of the earth especially wont to street harassment (and worse!) despite, or maybe because of, having easy access to naked, gyrating women and thus cannot get their facile little minds to understand that this does not mean that they have access to every woman, period. Nevertheless, despite points 1 & 2 you somehow manage to convince yourself that strip teasing in that kind of sleazy, misogynist environment may somehow mind-bogglingly be empowering because, well, everyone else seems to think strip teasing is about girl power! (I do not, by the way, believe that strip clubs are loathsome because I am opposed to sexual titillation. In contrast, I think our society is not erotic enough. But because our idea of eroticism is so astonishingly warped, strip joints are perversely uncomfortable sites for a woman to stroll past.)

Makes you think your desire for affection is needy - You are in a relationship and you feel unloved. So you have gotten into the unbecoming habit of asking your partner if they still love you, to which you receive a response along the lines of "For god's sake, how many times do I have to tell you. Yeah, yeah, I love you, OK, now leave me alone!!" Consequently, rather than feel loved, you feel needy and insecure as anyone living with a mini-tyrant would. Alas, you do not perceive it that way. You have sadly not understood that in a functional relationship, you do not need to beg to be loved.

Makes you feel like your intellectual contributions are petty - This one is personal! On more than one occasion, I have found myself in situations - panel discussions, literary events, etc. - where some smart ass asks about my motivation behind writing a "fashion blog". While I myself do not view fashion blogs as petty, at least not all of them, I can tell that the person asking the question does, and that their intent is to diminish the gravitas of my writing.

On that note, I wrote this post because sometimes as a woman out there in the world, you are bound to think you are crazy for feeling the absolutely normal way that you do. Subsequently you might pretend that you don't think you're crazy because nobody else seems to be talking about the things that you think make you crazy. Confusing, right? Put it this way, it is important to be vigilant of the myriad ways that oppression works because it is, then, much easier to challenge them. Also, writing a seven series post is an International Women's Day tradition on the blog.

Happy & powerful women's day!

Any thoughts about oppression, or any of the points raised?
Image is Barbara Kruger's Belief+Doubt, 2012.
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7 ways that women are oppressed without knowing it

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I will live but that is all that I will do for patriarchy, is my conscientious feminist motto. It is not always an easy task for women, however, because society constantly tries to diminish feminist consciousness by encouraging women to redefine rather than, remove, oppression.

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CLOSE

The spotlight is on Prince Salman as Saudi women finally get the right to drive. And the activists who really made it happen? Jailed, exiled or silenced.

When Saudi Arabia announced in September that it would, at last, lift the ban on women driving on June 24, 2018, I thought I would be celebrating a milestone that took brave Saudi women's rights activists nearly three decades to achieve. Instead, as Sunday approaches, I am deeply disturbed because many of the champions behind the reforms have been silenced, imprisoned or forced into exile.

Since May 15, Saudi authorities have arrested more than a dozen prominent Saudi women activists and their male supporters, and imposed travel bans on others. Those arrested include some of the women who first defied the Saudi driving ban in 1990.

Some were temporarily released, but nine activists remain behind bars, facing serious charges and long prison terms.

The photos of themost prominent women's rights activists - Aziza al-Yousef, Eman al-Nafjan and Loujain al-Hathloul - were posted on Twitter and news outlets with the caption " traitors." According to local news media, the nine will be referred to the Specialized Criminal Court- established to adjudicate terrorism-related offenses.

If convicted, they could be sentenced up to 20 years.

Fear of activism

Saudi Arabia has never tolerated dissent. The authorities prohibit protests, trade unions and independent human rights organizations. Even so, the hypocrisy of cracking down on women's rights activists while taking credit for the reforms they have long demanded is remarkable. It also reveals the fear at the heart of the Saudi state. If the authorities give credit to the women who championed lifting the driving ban, it means conceding that reforms can be won through activism, and then the Saudis may demand more.

This month, Saudi authorities arrested two more women: Nouf Abdelaziz, who publicly supported the women arrested in May, and her friend Mayaa al-Zahrani, after she published a letter from Nouf given to her to share publicly in the event of Nouf's arrest. In it, Nouf said, "I have never been (anything) but a good citizen who loves her country and wishes for it nothing but the best."

There is one obvious answer as to why the Saudi authorities might be arresting these women. Back in September, around the time of the announcement that the driving ban would be lifted, authoritiescalled Saudi women activists and told them not to speak to the media. The purpose seemed to be to ensure that the crown prince, Mohammed bin Salman, would get all the credit.

More: Will Trump once again fall for a Saudi charm offensive? Let's hope not.

Trump talks tough to NATO but bows hypocritically to Saudi Arabia

Donald Trump's trip to Saudi Arabia, Israel and Rome is test of nerves. Ours.

So as international journalists descend on Saudi Arabia to witness the historic end of one of the world's most blatant and bizarre forms of gender discrimination, the government apparently wants to ensure that the spotlight stays on the crown prince - with the real champions nowhere to be seen.

Salman, 32, has sought to diversify the economy with his Vision 2030 plan, which includes increasing women's participation in the workforce and opening the country up to foreign investors. This has led to piecemeal reforms: restricting the power of the religious police and opening cinemas. He has taken small steps for women's rights. Girls will soon be allowed to play sports in schools, women can attend sports matches in stadiums as spectators, and they will soon work in air traffic control, passport control and traffic police - jobs previously closed to them.

Even so, the country's male guardianship system, the biggest impediment to Saudi women's rights, remains in effect. Under this system, women must obtain permission from their male guardian - a father, brother, husband, or even a son - to travel abroad, obtain a passport, enroll in higher education, get a life-saving abortion, be released from a prison or shelter, or marry.

Remember the true champions

Earlier this year, the crown prince went on a world tour to present himself as a reformer, courting politicians, businesses and celebrities. The smoke-and-mirrors public relations campaign is designed to deflect the world's attention from his repressive crackdown at home. While they detained women's rights activists, the Saudi authorities organized staged photos and videos of officials handing women their driver's licenses; and Vogue Arabia magazine published a glossy front-page cover of a Saudi princess in the driver's seat of a luxury vehicle.

Saudi's crown prince wants it both ways: to be lauded as a reformer on the world stage, and to ensure his status as the only reformer at home. In some ways, this strategy has worked: Only Canada and Norway have expressed concern about these arrests.

Countless other world leaders who congratulated Salman for lifting the driving ban have yet to say anything about the new crackdown.

When Saudi women get behind the wheel Sunday, we must remember the true champions behind this reform who are languishing in prison or silenced. The crown prince may claim credit, but the rest of the world needs to let him know it is not deceived.
Rothna Begum is the Middle East women's rights researcher at Human Rights Watch. Follow her on Twitter: @Rothna_Begum
Read or Share this story: https://usat.ly/2Ig345o

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As Saudi ban on women drivers ends, activists who made it happen are in jail or exile

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CLOSE The spotlight is on Prince Salman as Saudi women finally get the right to drive. And the activists who really made it happen? Jailed, exiled or silenced. When Saudi Arabia announced in September that it would, at last, lift the ban on women driving on June 24, 2018, I thought I would be celebrating a milestone that took brave Saudi women's rights activists nearly three decades to achieve.

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We share our expertise on leadership, business skills and more. Opinions expressed by Forbes Contributors are their own.

By: Tamara Schwarting
In 2013, Sheryl Sandberg published her bestselling book Lean In, and gave voice to the discussion of empowering women to lead. For women with professional aspirations, the book encouraged us to jump into the game and take a seat in places where we have not, historically, been welcome.

Yes, the 21 stCentury is certainly a time of opportunity for women. As a professional woman, I am thankful for the way the landscape has changed even in the time since I was a young girl. But, in an age where women are capable of doing anything and everything, does that mean we need to do everything?

There is one thing about learning to "lean in" we cannot change: there are still only 24 hours in the day. So women now have more to do but no more time to do it. Simply put, it is still just as impossible to do it all. This is the side to female empowerment that we don't talk about enough. Sandberg attempts to address this in her book by devoting a chapter to "Making your partner a real partner." But, what if your partner works and also doesn't have time or you don't have a partner or you don't have a capable partner?

What is the solution? How can we deal with the fallout when we lean in too far to one area of our life and the other areas suffer? How can we sustain this constant drive to do more?

First, we need to be honest about our expectations and determine whether they are reasonable or not. As women, we tend to shame ourselves (and each other) into societal norms. So, although we have increased professional and social opportunities, we still feel responsible for doing all other things well at the same time.

Certainly, in a way, we are right. The laundry still needs to be done. I still need to eat. My water bill needs to be paid on time. But we are wrong to think that all things must be prioritized equally and that we're not taking care of our loved ones or ourselves if we move something inconsequential down the list of priorities.

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The Side Of Female Empowerment We Aren't Talking About Enough

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Share to email Share to facebook Share to twitter Share to linkedin Share to google We share our expertise on leadership, business skills and more. Opinions expressed by Forbes Contributors are their own. By: Tamara Schwarting In 2013, Sheryl Sandberg published her bestselling book Lean In, and gave voice to the discussion of empowering women to lead.

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One Canadian parent is working to make newborn baby Searyl Alti the first to be registered as "gender unknown" in order to allow the child to choose his or her sex. (Image Source: YouTube screenshot)

The apple doesn't fall far from the tree.

Canadian parent Kori Doty, who identifies as a "non-binary trans person," is fighting to make newborn baby Searyl Atli the first to be registered as "gender unknown." Doty wants to allow Searyl to decide his or her sex, CBC News reported.

Doty identifies as neither male nor female, preferring the pronoun "they," and wants Searyl, whose sex has not been entered into any government records, to have the same option. Doty gave birth to Searyl at a friend's home last November.

"I'm raising Searyl in such a way that until they have the sense of self and command of vocabulary to tell me who they are, I'm recognizing them as a baby and trying to give them all the love and support to be the most whole person that they can be outside of the restrictions that come with the boy box and the girl box," Doty said.

So far, Doty said British Columbia is refusing to issue Searyl a birth certificate with no sex listed. The province has, however, issued the child's health cards with a "U" for "undetermined" or "unassigned," so Searyl would have access to medical services.

Doty's lawyer, barbara findley, who refuses to spell her name with capital letters, said British Columbia allows for only male and female designations on birth certificates.

The British Columbia Human Rights Tribunal is aiding Doty in the fight to get all government documents to accommodate those who claim to be neither male nor female.

"When I was born," Doty explained, "doctors looked at my genitals and made assumptions about who I would be, and those assignments followed me and followed my identification throughout my life.

"Those assumptions were incorrect," she continued, "and I ended up having to do a lot of adjustments since then."

Doty believes "assigning" a child's sex at birth is a human rights violation, taking away the freedom to decide one's own sexual identity.

According to findley, the government does not need to know the child's sex.

"Certainly, our culture is obsessed with [if a baby is] a boy or a girl, but the government doesn't have any business certifying that information when they don't know it to be true," findley said.

It is important, Doty noted, for Searyl "to have all of the space to be the most whole and complete person that they can be."

The British Columbia Human Rights Tribunal is also fighting to extend the right to leave the child's sex off of every legal document, including a driver's license and passport.

"People always ask, 'Is your baby a boy or a girl?' I don't know yet," Doty said. "I'm waiting to get to know them more."

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Canadian parent wants newborn registered as 'gender unknown' so child can decide sex

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One Canadian parent is working to make newborn baby Searyl Alti the first to be registered as "gender unknown" in order to allow the child to choose his or her sex. (Image Source: YouTube screenshot) The apple doesn't fall far from the tree.