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In this case, the Supreme Court said that not allowing the Nazi party to have their parade in Skokie was unconstitutional.

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Any form of lying about someone (slander or libel).

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Lying about someone publicly. Slander is verbally and libel is written.

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The amendment defined citizenship.

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No excessive bail or cruel/unusual punishment.

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This amendment ensures a trial by jury.

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This is speech about overthrowing the government.

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This amendment states that criminals have the right to a public trial with an attorney and a jury of their peers.

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This case was about Japanese Americans being held in internment camps during WWII. The Supreme Court decided that the government's decision to do this was justified.

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This amendment states that anyone convicted of a crime will be held in front of a grand jury and there is no double jeopardy.

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Segregation by rule rather than by law. For example, some neighborhoods are predominately white and some are black.

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No illegal searches or seizures.

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Right to bare arms.

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Freedom of speech, religion, press, and assembly.

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In this case, the Lemon test was created:

The statute must have a secular legislative purpose.
The principal or primary effect of the statute must not advance nor inhibit religion. The statute must not result in an "excessive government entanglement" with religion.

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This is a law that allows the judicial branch to restrict information from being broadcast or let out to the media.

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This clause in the first amendment states that congress cannot establish religion or prevent the exercise of religion.

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This is a test courts use to determine whether or not the law or rule is constitutional.

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This case requires the government to provide people with an attorney if they cannot afford one.

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This is a case from 1896 that allowed and sometimes required states to pass segregation laws in public places such as transportation and schools.

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Dred Scott was a slave living in a free territory, but because he was not a citizen, he could not sue for his freedom.

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This case (1973) allowed a woman to have an abortion as long as the state allowed it.

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The US outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

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Segregation of black people.

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Action in favor of those who suffer from discrimination, specifically in education or employment.

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A literacy test is a test a potential voter must take in order to vote.

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This case (1961) stated that all illegal evidence (obtained violating the fourth amendment) could not be accepted in court.

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This clause in the Constitution guarantees equal rights to all US citizens.

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This case means people have the right to an attorney before being questioned by police.

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In 1954, the Supreme Court decided that "Separate but Equal" was unconstitutional and segregation in schools was not okay.

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This court case made it illegal for public schools to pray together.

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This doctorine makes the Bill of Rights applicable to the states.

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Speech used to convey a powerful message while not drawing too much attention to yourself.

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In this case, Allan Bakke, a white 35 year old, was trying to get into med school in California, but was rejected multiple times while minorities who had lower GPAs than him were getting in. Bakke sued the state of California and it eventually went to the Supreme Court who told the college to let Bakke in, but did not punish them for not letting him in in the first place.

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Probable Cause is a reason for charging someone with something or searching someone's car or doing a drug test

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De Jure Segregation is segregation that is not happening by law. For example, a predominately white neighborhood would be de jure segregation.

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Suspect classification is a group of people historically likely to be discriminated against. Specifically racially.

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Speech plus is speech plus an action. An example would be the Westboro Baptist Church. They convey their ideas and beliefs through their language plus their marches and protests.

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This states that a person cannot be charged for the same crime twice, even if afterwards, new evidence is found that would find that person guilty.

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Due process means everyone is treated equally in the eyes in the judicial system. This includes court system and police force

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This is the clause in the first amendment that prevents the government from establishing religion.

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This law excludes the use of illegally obtained evidence in court.