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July 16th 1945 the Manhattan project holds the first successful test of atomic device

US drops two atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945

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29th August 1949 Soviet conducts first nuclear test code named RDS-1

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November 1st 1952, US successfully detonated the first hydrogen bomb in Eniwetok Atoll in the Pacific Marshall Islands

August 12th 1953 Soviet tests its first fusion-based device on a tower in central Siberia

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The US presents the Baruch plan for international control of atomic weapons to UN

Baruch sided of those who feared the Soviets

Proposal provided for international control of atomic weapons by the US

USSR declined and so US declined their counter agreement of banning all atomic weapons

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1954 to 1957, Soviet rocket designer Sergei Korolev headed development of the R-7

Worlds first ICBM

Successfully flight tested in August 1957

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Worlds first artificial earth satellite

Was launched by the Soviets

Launched October 4th 1957

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A converted Project 611 (Zulu-IV class) submarine launched the world's first SLBM

an R-11FM (SS-N-1 Scud-A (naval variant of the SS-1 Scud)

on 16 September 1955

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Castro leadership allowed Soviet to deploy atomic weapons facing US

US replies with high tensions and possibility of nuclear warfare

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Banned testing of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere, underwater and outer space

Problem was atmospheric radioactive fallout

Signed August 5th 1963

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Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons Treaty

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Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons Treaty

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international treaty with objective to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology

Signed 1 July 1968

Effective on 5 March 1970

Was signed in Moscow

Some countries didn't sign it and continued to be in possession of nuclear arms

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SALT 1 - ABM Treaty/Interim Agreement on Offensive Arms

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SALT 1 - ABM Treaty/Interim Agreement on Offensive Arms

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The ABM treaty regulated antiballistic missiles that could theoretically be used to destroy incoming intercontinental ballistic missiles

ratified by the U.S. Senate on August 3, 1972

froze each side’s number of ICBMs and submarine-launched ballistic missiles

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SALT II negotiations opened late in 1972

Continued for 7 years

set limits on the number of strategic launchers

overall limit of about 2,400 of all such weapons systems for each side

signed by Pres. Jimmy Carter and Brezhnev in Vienna on June 18, 1979

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began in 1982, spanned a period of three eventful decades

proposed radical reductions, rather than merely limitations

ratified without difficulty in the U.S. Senate, but in December 1991 the Soviet Union broke up

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Nicknamed star wars

SDI was a system armed with an array of space-based X-ray lasers would detect and deflect any nukes headed toward the United States

Gov spent 30 billion over 10 years but ultiamtely failed

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1968 incident at Chernobyl power station

Technicians at reactor unit 4 attempted poorly designed experiment

Chain explosions and radioactive substance poured out

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1987 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty required the United States and the Soviet Union to eliminate and permanently forswear all of their nuclear weapons

US and USSR destroyed a total of 2,692 short, medium, and intermediate-range missiles

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Treaty between US and USSR

Signed on 31 July 1991 and entered into force on 5 December 1994

First treaty aimed to reduce strategic nuclear weapons