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_“Kaleidoscope”  Part 2– Cultural Preservation Museum Project (Citations)

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Harawi is an ancient traditional genre of Andean indigenous lyric poetry.

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Harawi is an ancient traditional genre of Andean music and also indigenous lyric poetry. Harawi was widespread in the Inca Empire and now is especially common in countries that were part of it, mainly: Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia. Typically, harawi is a moody, soulful slow and melodic song or tune played on the quena. The words of harawi speak of love, plight of ordinary peasant, privations of orphans, etc. Melodies are mainly in minor pentatonic scale.

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Harawi is an ancient traditional genre of Andean music and also indigenous lyric poetry. Harawi was widespread in the Inca Empire and now is especially common in countries that were part of it, mainly: Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia. Typically, harawi is a moody, soulful slow and melodic song or tune played on the quena.

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Rosa was known for her extreme piety and spent her life helping others and dedicating herself to the church.
Santa Rosa De Lima Day is a holiday and Feast Day on August 24th to commemorate Saint Rose of Lima.

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a Peruvian saint known as the saint for social justice, racial harmony, and mixed-race people.

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Although Francisco Pizarro was not Peruvian, he played a significant role in the mixed culture of Peru today.

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Interview With Mark Adams on Machu Picchu (Audio Only)

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Interview With Mark Adams on Machu Picchu (Audio Only)

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An Interview With Mark Adams on Machu Picchu

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Pre-Columbian
Spanish colonial or Viceroyal architecture

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The City of Chan Chan has thousands and thousands of structures, with walls 30 feet high, along with mazes that are passageways and streets.

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The palaces, temples, and walls of Chan Chan were often decorated with remarkable friezes, some go over 100 feet long.

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The City of Chan Chan was the capital of the Chimú kingdom (c. ad 1100–1470). Known as the largest city in pre-Columbian America,

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A ritual ball game that uses the leg, hip and elbow to send a solid rubber ball through two rings

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Also another sport brought in during Spanish colonization

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Imported from Spain during colonization, cockfighting competition is held particularly during the Independence.
Video on more depth explanation of cockfighting

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JJ Spider Gamefarm - Cockfighting in Peru | Facebook

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This type of dance was first brought to Peru from Spain during the colonials years and has been modified since then into the Peruvian Waltz.

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The Marinera is known as Peru's national dance, with influences from the Spanish fandango, African zamacueca, and indigenous couple dances. The Marinera shows a couple's flirtatious pursuit.

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2019 | "Marinera Norteña" | Peruvian Dance | Raices Peruanas & Inca, the Peruvian Ensemble

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Skeletons found in the City of Chan Chan

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Skeletons found in the City of Chan Chan

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News Article by BBC News

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While it is known that the Chimú carried out human sacrifices, including of children, archaeologist Jorge Meneses Bartra said that there was no evidence those in the newly discovered grave died that way.

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Chan Chan: Mass grave found in ancient Peruvian city

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While it is known that the Chimú carried out human sacrifices, including of children, archaeologist Jorge Meneses Bartra said that there was no evidence those in the newly discovered grave died that way.

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News by the Guardian on Susana Baca and how she resurrected Afro-Peruvian Music

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usana Baca has lived multiple lives in her 77 years. She is one of Peru's most celebrated singers, and a champion of Afro-Peruvian music, amplified by a partnership with David Byrne's Luaka Bop record label. She is trained as an ethnomusicologist and manages a cultural centre in Peru, and she was only the second Afro-Peruvian minister in the history of independent Peruvian government, serving as minister of culture in 2011.

"It was not an easy path to achieve all that I have," Baca says, speaking over video call. She is draped in a black shawl, speaking via an interpreter, from her home in Cañete. "My parents used to play music all the time when I was a child - my earliest memories are of my father singing and my mother dancing - but when I decided that I wanted to be a singer, my mother was horrified. We were very poor and all the musicians she had heard of had died from tuberculosis. It was an extreme life."

Testament to her tenacity, Baca is marking her 50th year in music with the release of her 16th album, Palabras Urgentes (Urgent Truths), on Peter Gabriel's Real World Records. Produced by Snarky Puppy bandleader Michael League, its 10 songs are "premonitions of the difficult times we are living through", she says, comprising standards such as Chabuca Granda's La Herida Oscura, as well as new compositions that speak to political corruption and the climate crisis. It is full of vitality, from the fanfare of horns on Negra Del Alma to the choral ecstasies of Sorongo, and she hopes anyone who listens to it will "question what our place is in the world and how we are damaging it". She adds, with a husky laugh: "At my age, I'm not interested in pleasing others any more."

As a young woman, however, Baca was concerned with keeping her mother happy. She studied to become a teacher but kept singing the music of her childhood after noticing how it was constantly marginalised. Anti-Blackness endures in Peru, stemming from the slavery instigated by the Spanish in the 16th century. Its legacy has carried on to popular television characters such as the blackface El Negro Mama and the mocking Indigenous stereotype La Paisana Jacinta, which appeared on air as recently as 2014 and were ultimately targeted by a UN convention against racial discrimination. "Peru has had a difficult relationship with its Black and Indigenous population," she says. "They are a reminder of its history of slavery and so our music was often ignored or forgotten. I felt I needed to help keep it alive."

Working with popular Peruvian singer Chabuca Granda from 1970, initially as her personal assistant and then as a musical mentee, Baca brought Afro-Peruvian rhythms into Granda's work, slowly increasing mainstream awareness of her culture. The ensuing two decades saw her touring Latin America while playing traditional Afro-Peruvian music, as well as folk songs that were unearthed through research undertaken with her husband, Ricardo Pereira.

It wasn't until the mid-90s that she reached the global stage. A chance introduction to her music by a Spanish teacher prompted David Byrne to include her composition Maria Lando on his 1995 compilation Afro-Peruvian Classics: The Soul of Black Peru. The song exemplifies Baca's music, its immense warmth carried by the richness of her voice, which glides atop the traditional percussive instrumentation of the cajon and udu. The same warmth and emotion crosses the language barrier as she reflects on their relationship: in 2011, she recorded a collection of Afro-Peruvian standards, Afrodiaspora, for his label. "He opened up the doors to the world," she smiles. "There is a lot of respect between us and it is a collaboration that has continued for many years."

Susana Baca during her tenure as Peru's minister for culture, on International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples, 9 August 2011. Photograph: Raul Garcia/EPA/Shutterstock

Looking back on her "mission" has been an integral part of the past year: the pandemic halted her usually active touring schedule. Stuck at home, she started work on her memoirs. "It has been very interesting to remember everything I have done and even to remember my mistakes," she says. "You have to be very honest and bring to life the emotions that made it all real. Luckily, I have my husband Ricardo to help, since he's been with me for the past 30 years."

One recent sticking point was Baca's stint in government, where she was criticised by some for continuing to work and tour as a musician while she was minister of culture from July to December 2011. In an interview with the New York Times during her tenure, she said: "I think that the job's going to eat into my work as a musician. But I'm not about to give up music." Now, she adds, "I wanted to give back to my country but I attracted all the press attention for my role. I tried to put the same emotion I give onstage into my time as a politician." Ultimately, she was replaced during a cabinet reshuffle.

Would she enter politics again? "It depends who asks," she smiles. "If José Mujica [the former president of Uruguay] did, I would say yes because he left power with zero corruption."

If her work in politics remains unresolved, Baca's musical legacy is robust. Afro-Peruvian music is no longer a niche interest, with younger artists from the country such as the band Novalima and singer Renata Flores incorporating its rhythms into their sounds. "My mission has been accomplished," she says. "I am a bridge between the older generation and the new, and I see the young people now really embracing Afro-Peruvian music and making it their own - it is flourishing and I don't fear that it will disappear. It has deep roots."

As for her musical career, after 50 years in the industry and with a memoir on the way, you might assume that Palabras Urgentes is her swansong. But Baca has other plans, including a forthcoming album to honour her late mentor Chabuca Granda. "I'm not so young any more, so I get tired, but I'm always finding new things that move me," she says with her eyes briefly closed in thought. "We create with such liberty and that is so powerful. The work only continues."

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'My mission has been accomplished': how Susana Baca resurrected Afro-Peruvian music

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usana Baca has lived multiple lives in her 77 years. She is one of Peru's most celebrated singers, and a champion of Afro-Peruvian music, amplified by a partnership with David Byrne's Luaka Bop record label.

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News by Telesur on Huaconada

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Perú: Huaconada dance part of world heritage

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Introduction to The Scissor Dance

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PERU ; CUSCO . Traditional Peruvian music at the TUNUPA restaurant. 2014

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Website that introduces Peruvian Pop Music with 12 famous songs

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La Flor de la Canela, Chabuca Granda

After crossing the Puente de los Suspiros in Barranco, there is a statue of Chabuca Granda, Peruvian criolla music's greatest composer. Her song, La Flor de la Canela, is one of the most recognized Peruvian tunes worldwide. It tells the story of an elegant Afro-Peruvian woman who walks through downtown Lima and crosses the Rimac River to reach her home. The lyrics are pure poetry.

Cholo Soy, Luis Abanto Morales

The context of this song - composed by the Argentine poet Boris Elkin and interpreted by the Peruvian singer-songwriter Luis Abanto Morales - crosses borders and talks about social injustice in a continent dominated by colonization. It is a waltz that evokes a nostalgia for life in the mountains that, until the arrival of colonizers and so-called progress, was quiet and simply beautiful.

Valicha, Miguel Angel Hurtado

This huayno (Andean folk) is a love song written by Miguel Angel Hurtado in 1945 to Valeriana Huillca - known as "Valicha" - who at the time was his student. The melody comes from a folk-dance tune that already existed when Hurtado wrote the lyrics and his brother translated them to Quechua.

Y se Llama Perú, Augusto Polo Campos

Every time the Peruvian national soccer team plays a match, you can bet you'll hear this song play at least once everywhere in the country. Written by one of Peru's most prolific criolla music composers, the song is a homage to Peru's history, in which each letter describes its idiosyncrasies: P for patria (homeland), E for example, R for rifle, and U for union.

A la Molina No Voy Más, Pancho Ballesteros

La Molina is one of Lima's wealthiest districts. During the 1800s, it housed one of the haciendas in Lima mostly known for extreme abusive practices on Afro-Peruvian slaves. This song has a chorus that actually comes from those slaves who, frightened by the scourges they received in La Molina, begged not to go. This song is a panalivio, a kind of song sang by Afro-Peruvian slaves to heal their pain through irony and to denounce their abusers and the poor conditions they were forced to live in. It was written in 1936 by Pancho Ballesteros, who performs the song in this video from the 1970s.

Mal Paso, Panchito Jiménez and Oswaldo Campos

Peruvian criolla music combines influences from European, African and Andean music. Mal Paso is one of the most performed songs by Peruvian artists within the genre. This song - originally performed by Panchito Jiménez and Oswaldo Campos - highlights the virtuosity of the criolla guitar player and the voice of whoever interprets it, in this case, singer-songwriter Eva Ayllón.

Ya se ha Muerto mi Abuelo, Juaneco y Su Combo

Juaneco y Su Combo is a cumbia band from the jungle region of Pucallpa. In the 1960s, a descendant of Chinese migrants formed a band with his children and friends. One of their most known and covered songs is Ya se ha Muerto mi Abuelo, which translates into "my grandfather has already died." This cumbia hit brings back emotions for many, but above all, it inspires people to dance.

Muchacho Provinciano, Chacalón

Whenever Lorenzo Palacios "Chacalón" - also known as the "Pharaoh of chicha music" - performed, the hills came down to hear him sing. It was in those hills of Lima where Andean migrants built their future at the end of the 1970s. Chacalón sang for them and knew very well how to get to their hearts because he was one of them. Muchacho Provinciano is a song about a migrant youth who arrives in Lima and must endure the capital's cosmopolitan customs by focusing on working very hard.

LB, Mar de Copas

SPOILER ALERT: In the final scene of the movie No Se Lo Digas a Nadie, the protagonist, who is gay, looks at the love of his life as a photographer captures the moment. As you're left thinking about the future between the two lovers, you can hear LB by Mar de Copas. The movie could not have finished any better. Mar de Copas continues to be one of the most successful bands of the 1990s that remains active today.

Demolición, Los Saicos

Punk was not born in England. Punk was born in a movie theater in Peru during the 1960s. According to journalists Jonathan Watts and Dan Collyns from The Guardian, punk was invented by Los Saicos, a band of youngsters who, a decade before the Ramones, were already singing about politics and burning train stations. "Demolition" is their biggest hit.

Simiolo, Dengue Dengue Dengue

Although some call them the Peruvian Daft Punk because they also wear masks in their sets, Dengue Dengue Dengue is a DJ duo that picks up psychedelic cumbia and makes electronic music out of it. It is a risky combination, a dangerous mix, but Dengue Dengue Dengue pushed cumbia to its limits and in doing so released one of the most popular songs of contemporary music in Peru.

Yo Bailo en la Calle, Barrio Calavera

Barrio Calavera is a band that fuses ska, cumbia, chicha, reggae, punk, boleros and Latin American folklore and takes the Peruvian "barrio" style everywhere in the world they perform. They often play shows in Lima and they will be performing at Primera Parada festival on April 1.

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An Introduction to Peruvian Music in 12 Songs

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La Flor de la Canela, Chabuca Granda After crossing the Puente de los Suspiros in Barranco, there is a statue of Chabuca Granda, Peruvian criolla music's greatest composer. Her song, La Flor de la Canela, is one of the most recognized Peruvian tunes worldwide.

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Traditional Inca music - Cusco - Peru - 2018

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PAN FLUTE SIKU BY PERU TREASURE FROM PERU

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Peruvian music is a fusion of Andean, Spanish, and African styles

Andean influences: wind instruments and the shape of the melodies

African influences: rhythm and percussion instruments.

European influences: the harmonies and stringed instruments.

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The Museo Larco portrays to the visitor an engaging narrative of the development of 5000 years of Peru’s pre-Columbian history, making it the ideal way to understand Ancient Peru.
https://artsandculture.google.com/partner/museo-larco

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Museo Larco, Treasures of Ancient Peru

The Museo Larco portrays to the visitor an engaging narrative of the development of 5000 years of Peru's pre-Columbian history, making it the ideal way to understand Ancient Peru. Its masterpieces are considered worldwide icons of Pre-Columbian art, after being exhibited in the world's leading museums.Peru is worldwide famous thanks to the Inca Empire on the Andes Mountains; however few are aware that this society existed only for the last 100 years before the arrival of the Spanish conquistadores.

The Museo Larco offers a complete overview of Peru's fascinating history in a simple yet thorough manner, thus becoming a required starting point for foreign visitors in order to be able to understand Peru as a cultural destination. Places such as the great temple of Pachacamac just a few miles South of Lima, the well-known Nasca lines on the southern coast, the magnificent Pyramids of the Sun and of the Moon up North, and of course even Machu Picchu the superb Inca sanctuary in Cusco, start making sense when they're seen as part of a wider and deeper history.

Since its inception, the Museo Larco has sought to construct an unforgettable experience for each of its visitors. In order to achieve this goal, the museum has put much care into every aspect of this
living, cultural experience. The colonial architecture, the décor, the elegantly presented galleries bathed in warm colours and intimate lighting, the fascinating narrative told by breathtaking works of art, the lush gardens, the exquisite museum's gift shop and the extraordinary local and international cuisine at the museum's restaurant, are some of the many ingredients that compose the sensual as well as educational experience at this boutique museum.
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Museo Larco, Tesoros del antiguo Perú

El Museo Larco exhibe una impresionante colección arqueológica que permite entender el desarrollo de la historia del antiguo Perú. Todas las culturas precolombinas están representadas a través de obras maestras de cerámica, tejidos, trabajo en piedra, madera, platería y orfebrería. En las Galerías de las Culturas es posible recorrer los más de 5000 años de historia precolombina.

Rodeado de hermosos jardines (ganadores del premio a mejores jardines del Perú en enero del 2009), se encuentra situado dentro de una mansión virreinal única en su género y que data del siglo XVIII.

La idea original del fundador y arqueólogo Rafael Larco Hoyle en 1926, fue compartir su pasión por el arte precolombino. El Museo Larco ofrece didáctica información sobre las costumbres, creencias y rituales de las culturas que se desarrollaron en el antiguo Perú. La Sala del Sacrificio y la Sala Erótica permiten entender las relaciones entre los diferentes mundos en los que los antiguos peruanos organizaban su universo. Los combates rituales y los sacrificios eran la principal entrega que los seres humanos hacían a sus dioses en el mundo de arriba, solicitándole sus beneficios. Las actividades sexuales estaban relacionadas a la propiciación del mundo de los muertos, a la entrega de fluidos para fertilizar la tierra y permitir el crecimiento de sus productos.

En el Museo Larco, uno puede apreciar la más fina y excepcional colección de oro y plata del antiguo Perú. En las Galerías de Oro y Joyas los hermosos adornos y emblemas de poder nos permiten conocer la manera cómo los sacerdotes y gobernantes se transformaban en seres sobrenaturales y divinos, y la importancia que tenia el culto de los muertos para las sociedades del antiguo Perú.

El Museo Larco es uno de los pocos museos en el mundo donde los visitantes pueden recorrer sus Depósitos Clasificados y apreciar los 45,000 objetos arqueológicos debidamente organizados. Esta visita constituye una experiencia inolvidable.

Las obras de arte del Museo Larco han sido exhibidas en los más prestigiosos museos del mundo y son consideradas íconos del arte precolombino a nivel mundial. Luego de la visita, el Café del Museo, al lado de los jardines, ofrece bebidas y platos típicos peruanos. Además, el Museo Larco
cuenta con La Tienda del Museo, donde se pueden conseguir réplicas certificadas de sus principales
piezas de la colección y souvenirs inspirados en la hermosa colección.

Web: https://www.museolarco.org/

Museo Larco Introductory Video: https://youtu.be/5zRLVtLcMgw

Museo Larco Video Introductorio: https://youtu.be/ZcaiyHUhU-o

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Museo Larco, Lima, Peru - Google Arts & Culture

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Museo Larco, Treasures of Ancient Peru The Museo Larco portrays to the visitor an engaging narrative of the development of 5000 years of Peru's pre-Columbi...

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To celebrate Peru's independence on July 28, it starts with 21-gun salutes across the country and a flag-raising ceremony in Lima. On the 2 day, celebrations focuses on the Armed Forces and the National Police of Peru, along with a large military parade.

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Celebrated during the first week of November to remember and praise Manco Cápac, who, according to legend, rose from the waters of Lake Titicaca to found the Inca Empire.

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This festival is celebrated to pay tribute to Virgen del Carmen (Our Lady of Mount Carmel) who is honoured as the Mother of all citizens of Peru.

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One of the largest and most enthusiastic festivities in Peru, with fiestas, water fights, partying, and parades. It's celebrated in February and is the week before Lent. Its roots lie in the Catholic faith, which was brought over from Spain during colonization.

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Known as "Mother Earth", Pachamama is a fertility goddess who presides over the land, planting and harvesting.

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Festivals in Peru today are affected by Catholic culture, it is their main religion and they celebrate Catholic festivals such as Easter and Lent, the 40 days before Easter.

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Globalization has caused companies to expand their market during festival times. Festivals in Peru are still popular, however, it has become much more economically important than culturally.

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the video details the celebration and purpose of Inti Raymi

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Inti Raymi, The Inca Festival Of The Sun (Mini-Documentary)

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The Sun God represents warmth and was also responsible for agriculture.

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Virachocha created the universe, sun, moon, stars, time, and the civilization.

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The Incas practiced a polytheistic religion and worshiped multiple gods and goddesses associated with natural forces.

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La ciudad y los perros by Mario Vargas Llosa

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La ciudad y los perros by Mario Vargas Llosa

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A novel about a group of students from different races and social classes serves as a metaphor for the diversity and social conflicts that characterized Peru at the time.
2010 Nobel Prize Winner
Book link

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Short stories published in 1872 describe the main historical events that developed in Peru.
Book link

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Text-based file on a Quechua peom

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a Quechua poem by Olivia Reginaldo with audio recording

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Kay simiy ruwasqaykita atipanchu qilla qalluy qulluypaq qillqan Kay simiy kasqaykita kamarikunchu chukchu kichka chikan kanchu Kay simiy ripusqaykita aypanchu nanayniy ninay niy nina

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thirty poems in Quechua that deal with nature and love by Andres Gutierrez

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Peruvian poet and writer who wrote in Cuzco Quechua and Spanish . Considered the most important Quechua poet of the 20th century.

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Dr. Roxana Quispe Collantes details the contribution of her research to society on the langauge Quechua.

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The first movie that's fully in Quechua.
Synopsis: A community leader wants to liberate his community of the curse but later sent to prison for trying. The second part of the movie is about Laulico as a child and how he realizes that he needs to save the town of Wamani.

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Synopsis: A boy named Segundo Paucar wants to become a master story-box maker just like his father, until one day, he accidentally observes his father in a situation that shatters his whole world

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Synopsis: A gang of Indians steals the skins of the Bass Trapper, leaving a young man of color who has been captured in return. Bass and his new companion chase the Indians, but they are decimated by a group of mercenaries who are paid to kill Indians.

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Legend says, never walk in the Peruvian jungle at night, for that is the time when the owner of the Amazonian darkness, the Tunche, attacks.

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A Peruvian folktale created by Donald Charles, inspired by an ancient Peruvian tapestry and accented with illustrations based on the motifs of preColumbian art

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BedtimeStorybookClub reading with Miss Angel "Chancay and the Secret of Fire" a Peruvian folktale

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A Peruvian Myth about an adorable Virgin that was seduced by a deceiving Spirit

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The spirit Coniraya was at times mischievous. He even pretended to be the mighty Viracocha, who the Incas believed was the force behind all creation. But in ancient times he wandered the world in the form of a very poor Indian clothed in rags, so that men reviled him and called him a wretch.

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Listen to the Jaqaru Alphabet

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Llamas have a more intense taste of beef along with hints of lamb. It was one of the main meats in the Inca Empire, having been domesticated approximately 5,000 years ago. Llamas are not as commonly eaten as before because their wool is much more valuable than meat.

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Chica De Jora, also known as Chicha, is a fermented beer used originally made with the brewer chewing on corn. It was commonly used by the Incas in religious sacrifices and rituals honoring Pachamama, Mother Earth.

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Alpaca a La Plancha (Grilled Alpaca Meat)

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Alpaca a La Plancha (Grilled Alpaca Meat)

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Similar to Llamas, alpaca was a very popular dish served mostly in Cusco and Puno, known for its low fat content and buffalo taste. Usually served with rice, potatoes, and salad.

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High in protein, low in fat and cholesterol, cuy is considered as healthy meat that tastes like chicken, usually served fried or roasted. Stable foods that breed quickly.

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Quechua Lesson - The Cusco Market of Peru

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Tocapus are considered as a decorative artwork or a lost graphical communication system of the Incas.

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Threads That Speak: How The Inca Used Strings to Communicate | National Geographic

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an accounting device used by the Incas (also known as a knot language)

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Hello – Rimaykullayki / Napaykullayki
Good morning – Allin p’unchay/sumaj punchay
What’s your name? – ¿Imataq sutiyki?

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Commonly referred to as Runasimi (“language of the people”)
Considered an official language along with Spanish in Peru. Approximately 25% (7.7 million) Peruvians speak this language, it's also the main language of the Inca Empire.

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Spanish colonial or Viceroyal architecture

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Spanish colonial or Viceroyal architecture

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~PPT slideshows (done1,
~2 photo galleries with appropriate captions (done1,
~2 audio files (one of which should be spoken (interview)
done1
~2 text-based files (poetry, literature, news, or feature stories, etc.) done1
~2 relevant biographies of notable cultures

PPT photo galleries could be made for the following categories of culture. Example: Handicrafts/Architectures/Food/Fashion/Art

BBC Reel-specializes in culture videos
Nat Geo Videos-Nat Geo/Youtube
Media Sites-BBC/CNN/Deutsche Welk/Reuters/Al-Jazeera/Guardian UK/New York Times/

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The Incas didn't have much sports in their lives, the common bull-fighting, cock-fighting and even the traditional Tlachtli all came from other influential countries. (Ex: cock/bull-fighting came from Spain)

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Peru is a country on the central western coast of South America facing the Pacific Ocean. It's home to a section of the Amazon rainforest and Machu Picchu, an ancient Incan city high in the Andes mountains.

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The Incas were one of the most powerful empires. In the ensuing years, the country enjoyed relative economic and political stability, which ended shortly before the unsuccessful War of the Pacific (1879–1884) with Chile.

The most famous pre-Columbian civilization was the Incas, flourishing from 1400 to 1533 CE., the Incas are known as the largest empire to ever exist, gaining power from military conquests and assimilation strategies. The Inca Empire only existed for more than a century and was conquered by the Spanish empire, led by Francisco Pizarro González. Several centuries later, the Peruvian war for independence started, and José de San Martín declared the independence of Peru on July 28, 1821.

Pre Columbia
Post Colonial
Independence

coca cola peru

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Peru's film industry is heavily influenced by Latin American authors such as Mario Vargas Llosa and Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Peru films aren't as popular as many famous Western industries, such as Hollywood, and convenient internet connections have also caused industries such as Netflix to enter and stay.

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Folk tales and myths in Peru are not as well recognized, since Western stories like The Bremen Town Musicians, Jack and the Beanstalk, and "Fairy Tales" has been popularized and spread all around the world.

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The two main genres of literature in Peru were Romanticism and Costumbrism. Although romance is still popular today, other dominating genres such as mystery, YA, sci-fi and more have appeared as well. Language is also a big part of literature, learn more of how language is being affected from the Language section above.

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Peru's 72 indigenous languages and dialects are mostly spoken languages rather than written languages, which makes it hard to be documented and preserved. Another reason is the dominating power of Spanish, in order to be part of the economy, government, and educational system, native speakers are required to learn it.

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Over 70% of Peruvians are Catholics, this is due to the arrival of Spanish missionaries, who converted natives to Christianity through marriage, labor and teaching. Nowadays, there aren't many indigenous religions, with only a blend of indigenous religion and Catholicism left.

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Traditional dances are being replaced with Western dances like ballet, hip hop, jazz, and more. Even the national dance of Peru has been influenced by Spain's fandango.

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Traditional music of the Incas was influenced by the introduction of Spanish instruments, and is gradually being replaced with Western pop music.

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Traditional art is most likely being replaced with Contemporary Art, art that has been made popular through technological advances. Contemporary art consists of Modern, Abstract, Impressionism, Pop Art, Graffiti and more.
Handicrafts have been replaced by machine-made aluminum and plastic products that are much cheaper, durable, and easy to make and use.

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Traditional clothing in Peru has been eroded by Western fashion, it's common to see youngsters, especially men to wear modern t-shirts and sweatpants.

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The Inca's style and technique of architecture has already been replaced by Spanish colonial architectures. Currently, high buildings and skyscrapers are common to meet the increasing population and life standards.

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in Peru, due to its landscape, there aren't many animals to choose from. Animals like llamas and guinea pigs are the main sources of meat for Peruvians.
Nowadays the number of animals such as guinea pigs consumed is decreasing since they're finicky to prepare and there are fewer guinea pig farms. A lot of locals also consider them as pets, and other kinds of meat have come to the country.

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As a contributor to the virtual Kaleidoscope Museum Project provided by our online community, my museum would be showcasing and analyzing the culture of the Republic of Peru. The aim of this museum is to preserve Peru’s minority culture, which may have been superseded by majority culture due to globalization. If the world continues this tendency, the minority culture of Peru would surely be in threat. Due to Spain’s conquest in the 16th century, the Inca Empire (1400 to 1533 CE) was obliterated, leaving scattered fragments of ancient history. Although Peru gain its independence in 1821, the country is still currently a developing country that lacks political and economic power to sustain its uniqueness. If Western culture continues to supersede Peruvian culture, it could be detrimental to tourism and to tourists for the loss of a local experience. By educating and informing audiences with Padlet, a cloud-based collaborative platform that provides users to organize and share content, the online community would better understand and learn about the culture of Peru and be inspired to maintain the diversity of the world.