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1) Heavy American political intervention since 1823 (IVAN)

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1) Heavy American political intervention since 1823 (IVAN)

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Impact on American-Cuban Relations:

American and Cuba developed a critical economic relationship between them as Cuba became heavily dependent on America and its economy as 90% of the jobs were by North America and therefore if America withdraws most Cuban will lose their job.

Therefore, creating tensions between Cuba and USA as Cubans disliked being dependent on USA and their heavy political involvement.

Impact on Soviet-Cuban Relations:

No significant Impact as Cuban was not in need of any external help at the current moment as USA intervention has helped them.

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2) Castro’s victory in the Cuban Revolution in 1959 (EXAMPLE by Ms Faza)

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2) Castro’s victory in the Cuban Revolution in 1959 (EXAMPLE by Ms Faza)

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Impact on American-Cuban Relations:

Contributed to American-Cuban tensions. The USA
continued to suspect Castro
of being a communist
even though he did not
immediately identify himself
as one then

Impact on Soviet-Cuban Relations:

No significant impact as Castro did not identify himself as a communist,
and had no dealings with the Soviet Union at that time

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3) Castro’s establishment of trade relations with the Soviet Union in 1959 and 19609 (Daiyan)

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3) Castro’s establishment of trade relations with the Soviet Union in 1959 and 19609 (Daiyan)

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Impact on American-Cuban Relations:

This contributed the deterioration of the American-Cuban tensions as Castro's establishment of trade with the USSR gave USA the perception that Cuba was aligning with the Communist Bloc(enemy of the USA's belief of Democracy) .

Impact on Soviet-Cuban Relations:

Started/Kindled a new relationship with the Soviet Union, as Cuba had no previous dealings with the Soviet Union. The Soviet-Cuban relations improved as Castro had Soviet buyers investing in Cuba which was a 'strategic' move for the Soviets as they were able to get closer to opponents, USA ,during the Cold War. - they were able to establish an ally in the backyard of USA.

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5) Refusal of American companies in Cuba to process Soviet oil and reduction of the Cuban Sugar Quota in Apr and Jul 1960 (DANIAL)

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5) Refusal of American companies in Cuba to process Soviet oil and reduction of the Cuban Sugar Quota in Apr and Jul 1960 (DANIAL)

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Impact on American-Cuban Relations:

This further escalated the tension in the American-Cuban relationship as Cuba’s economy didn’t get better due to the reduction of the sugar quota and the USA not processing the USSR’s oil

Impact on Soviet-Cuban Relations:

Got very good as Khrushchev and Castro got closer due to their ideologies. Castro was not a communist yet at this point

Their relationship got better also due to the USA’s reactions such as the reduction of the Cuban sugar quota, as the Soviet Union helped Cuba and Castro as they stepped in and offered to buy the surplus sugar.

Strengthened Soviet-Cuban relations – caused Castro to rely increasingly on Soviet help

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4) Implementation of Castro’s Land Reform Law in May 1959 (Carissa)

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4) Implementation of Castro’s Land Reform Law in May 1959 (Carissa)

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Impact on American-Cuban Relations: This have intensified American -Cuban tensions. Many of the sugar and tobacco plantations were owned by the Americans.By passing the law, Castro wants to break up the largest estates and distributed among the poorer farmer.

This contributed to the tensions as his actions is an act of a communism ideology and USA did not want the communist ideology to influence the people but Castro's action reflects it .USA were afraid that their economy will be affected as they are also dependent on their plantations.

Impact on Soviet-Cuban Relations:

It has improved on their relations as Castro action is leading towards communism and it results in them supporting each other

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6) Castro’s nationalisation of all oil refineries and American-owned properties in Jun, Aug and Sep 1960 (Sujaan)

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6) Castro’s nationalisation of all oil refineries and American-owned properties in Jun, Aug and Sep 1960 (Sujaan)

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Impact on American-Cuban Relations:

It soured the relationship as the USA wanted to weaken Castro but he was in fact able to counter their retaliation . To weaken Castro , the USA reduced business for Cuba by pressuring its companies to not process soviet oil which Cuba was using to refine and sell . secondly , USA bought less sugar from Cuba . The USA thought that this would weaken Castro . However it did not , so USA got more upset. OK so? What did this lead to?

Incited the USA to intensify its efforts to weaken Castro and remove him from power

Impact on Soviet-Cuban Relations:

When the USA completely stopped trading with Cuba , Cuba turned to the Soviet Union for help for their economic needs . This created an evident bond growing between the two as the USSR, helped Cuba .

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7) Establishment of a personal friendship between Castro and Khrushchev from Sep 1960 (Lucas)

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7) Establishment of a personal friendship between Castro and Khrushchev from Sep 1960 (Lucas)

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Impact on American-Cuban Relations:

Contributed to the USA's fear of the threat of communism right at their doorstep because of Castro actions and that now the US had to take action towards Castro's power.

Further reinforced American suspicions that Castro was communist as he openly associated himself with the leader of the USA’s Cold War enem y

Impact on Soviet-Cuban Relations:

their relationship improved drastically when they met at the UN Convention in New York in 1960, and it helped Castro in his plans to not rely on the USA for their economy as they have the Soviet Union and their allies especially when the USA reduced their sugar import from Cuba and instead,the USSR and their allies bought the remaining sugar from Cuba which improved their relations even more.

Strengthened Soviet-Cuban relations – both countries do not only have economic relations, but their leaders also share the same animosity towards the USA

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8) American imposition of an embargo on American exports to Cuba in Nov 1960(Ilham)

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8) American imposition of an embargo on American exports to Cuba in Nov 1960(Ilham)

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Impact on American-Cuban Relations:

Contributed to American-Cuban tensions.

Cuba looked to Soviet Union for help because US stopped buying goods e.g sugar from Cuba and Soviet Union & Allies stepped in to help by buying Cuba’s goods instead.

US felt that Cuba has turned communist and no longer want to have any ties with Cuba.

Therefore this made the American-Cuban relation very tense as US and Cuba cut off their diplomatic ties.

Encouraged Castro to continue his reforms without fear of the USA even as the effects of the embargo were nullified by the help provided by the Soviet Union.

Impact on Soviet-Cuban Relations:

Soviet-Cuban relations became stronger as now Soviet offered help to Cuba.

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9) Bay of Pigs invasion in Apr 1961 (Lydia)

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9) Bay of Pigs invasion in Apr 1961 (Lydia)

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Impact on American-Cuban Relations:

Exacerbated American- Cuban tensions – gave Castro reason to rally the Cubans against further American intervention

It caused more tension  embarrassed the US government as USA was defeated within two days causing this invasion to be a humiliating attempt for the US as they provided military training for Cuban exiles who they thought could win the support of the Cubans by the CIA

Impact on Soviet-Cuban Relations:

No significant impact as the Soviet was not involved in the invasion but Khrushchev and Castro were good friends and had a good relationship with one another

Indirectly drew Cuba closer to the Soviet Union as its relationship with the USA deteriorated further

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10) Operation Mongoose from Nov 1961 onwards (alyn)

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10) Operation Mongoose from Nov 1961 onwards (alyn)

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Impact on American-Cuban Relations:

Increased American-Cuban
tensions

America is more determined to remove Castro from power and install a Cuban government that was friendly to USA

it was a secret CIA operation

they also tried to assassinate key Cuban political leaders, including Castro

America was embarrassed as they could not overthrow Castro

Impact on Soviet-Cuban Relations:

This made Castro look for Soviet Union and East Europe for alliances

he feel that the USA was trying very hard to kill him and that they was really trying hard, he feel the need to find allies

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11) Cuba’s formal alliance with the Soviet Union in Dec 1961 (Ruth)

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11) Cuba’s formal alliance with the Soviet Union in Dec 1961 (Ruth)

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Impact on American-Cuban Relations:

Loss connections, tensions arise.

Castro declares himself a communist. Thus he was an official ally of the Soviet Union and enemy of the USA, thus confirming the USA’s fears of having an enemy dangerously close to the US.

Impact on Soviet-Cuban Relations:

New ally. Communism is spreading.

Strengthened Soviet-Cuban
relations