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Thomas Hobbes was born in 1588 in Westport, Wiltshire, England, and  lived to 91 years old. He died in December 1679, Hardwick Hall, Derbyshire.  He did not grow up with a wealthy or supportive family.  He went to a school in Westport and then went to a private school. He then attended the University of Oxford with the help of his wealthy Uncle, who supported Hobbes and paid for his college.   Hobbes had worked for the wealthy Cavendish family, and soon became a tutor for their son, William Cavendish.  He worked with the family through many decades.  He also worked for Sir Charles Cavendish who was the cousin of William Cavendish.  Hobbes was an English Philosopher which means someone who provides their ideas on profound questions ethics,  metaphysics, logic, etc.  He was also involved in politics and history.

University of Oxford

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Thomas Hobbes published several things.  In 1629 Hobbes created his first work, "History of the Peloponnesian War", this war was fought between the Peloponnesian League and the Delian League.  His first philosophical work was, "A Short Tract on First Principals", he applied geometric methodology.  In 1640 he published, "The Elements of Law, Natural and Political", which included man and citizenship, and contains Hobbes' moral and political philosophy.  He wrote some more about man and citizenship,  "De Cive", in 1647.  In 1651 he created an influential work called, "Leviathan", this is his most known piece.  It talks more about the argument about De Cive.  When the bill about criminalizing atheism passed Hobbes couldn't publish anything that was about man or religion.  In 1675 Hobbes published Homer's, "Odyssey".

Hobbes' book, "Leviathan"

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Hobbes believed that humans are naturally greedy and criminals.  He thought that we should have people (like police) to control everyone from hurting one another and going crazy.  He thought it was unlikely for humans to live peaceful lives without government.  One of his arguments for this is that he thinks we will compete and become violent in life.  Hobbes also argued that people would probably have glory and make other people not want to fight them.  Because of these things, Hobbes believed that we should have government and authority, so this doesn't really happen and can mostly be controlled.  He also believed in the scientific method meaning taking tests, trying out new techniques of nature, and studying it.  Hobbes had a theory that when light hits a uniform, it sends an image to the brain, and that it's the motion of a light source that does this.

Authorities

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With his political philosophy, Hobbes also influenced John Locke, Jean Jacques Rousseau, and Immanual Kant and theorists.  Thomas Hobbes influenced the Founding Fathers by creating America's First Principles. The Founding Fathers of the United States created a frame of government for the U.S. and led the  war for Independence.  Also they united the Thirteen Colonies.  The Founding Fathers turned down the opinion by Hobbes that that the Government ruled it's subjects.  When Hobbes published "Leviathan", it became his most influential work.

The Founding Fathers