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Annotated Bibliography

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Adoption| Family law B.C is a legal aid functions as a non profit social organization which provides legal information and advises to general people who needs further help and referral accordingly. It also works as representation to British Columbians with low income. Family Law B.C  is generated by fun from Province of B.C Law foundation of BC, BC Notary foundation. This is the legal organization which provides multiple services and referral on adoption, separation and divorce ,child and spousal support, parenting arrangements like custody and access, and child protection and removal.

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Adoption in BC is governed by a provincial law called the Adoption Act.

If you want to adopt a child, you file an application in the BC Supreme Court.

The court will think about the child's best interests when it's deciding if you're the right person to adopt them. The child's best interests are the most important thing. If the child is Aboriginal, that also means respecting their cultural identity.

Who can adopt a child?

You can apply to adopt if:

you're an adult, and

you've lived in BC for six months.

You don't need to be married. You can apply to adopt if you're:

single, or

in an opposite-sex or same-sex relationship.

What happens if you adopt a child?

When you adopt a child, you take on all the parental rights and responsibilities that birth parents have. The birth parents of the child you're adopting give up all their parental rights and responsibilities.

If you're a step-parent:

you become a joint parent with your spouse, if they're the child's birth parent, and

the other birth parent keeps their parental rights and responsibilities.

Are there different types of adoption?

Here are some of the ways to adopt a child in BC:

Government placement: the director of adoption (who works for the Ministry of Children and Family Development) finds a family to take the children. You need to be registered if you want to adopt in this way.

Agency placement: the adoption agency matches people who want a child with a child who needs a new family.

Direct placement: the birth parents ask a friend or other person to adopt their child.

Relative adoption: the birth parents ask a relative to adopt their child.

Custom adoptions for Indigenous people: an Aboriginal child is adopted by an Aboriginal family.

Other ways to adopt

Other things you need to know

See the BC government's website for more information about:

how to adopt a child, or

how to make an adoption plan for a child.

For example:

how to adopt within BC

how to adopt a child from another country

Adoption Act and Regulations

custom adoptions for Aboriginal people

The website also has helpful information for adopted adults, adoptive parents, and birth parents.

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Adoption in BC is governed by a provincial law called the Adoption Act. If you want to adopt a child, you file an application in the BC Supreme Court. The court will think about the child's best interests when it's deciding if you're the right person to adopt them.

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TEDx video by Michelle

Adoption: A Love That Knows No Borders

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This is the detail description of adoption act which has eight sub headings which describes about Aboriginal child, Purpose of Act, Process of leading to adoption, who may receive and place child for adoption, criteria before and after direct placement, care custody, adoption agency, court proceeding, openness and disclosure, regulation, and interprovincial/intercountry adoption policy. https://www.bclaws.ca/civix/document/id/complete/statreg/00_96005_01

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Adoption situation around the world: ; see different perspectives

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She Raised 200 Orphans Before She Turned 23! | Maggie Doyne  | Inspiring Women of Goalcast

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This short video describes about the  miserable situation of the orphans of Nepal and what makes an international young girl to adopt  approximately 200 children from Nepal and provide all basic fundamental needs of children  at her very young age.

Nepal is a developing country where most of the population lives under poverty especially in rural areas of Himalayas, Terai and mountainous region. Many children are compelled to became homeless and orphan at their very young age and became victim of child labor and child exploitation. Because of Nepalese civil war from 1991 to 2006 and its post destruction many families became victim and lots of children are left orphan. Due to unaffordability and lack of proper governmental polices and political instability orphanages and foster care are insufficient in proportion.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=403iZ2Ibehk

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The website has many tabs and subheadings that can be used and explored to help gain information and support on adoption. There are many support services that are offered like family support workers, support groups, PASS programs and family events. There are many articles, publications and documentaries offered in their library that can help as well!

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Jump to navigation

About adoption Start your journey. Take the first step towards adopting

AFABC supports the adoption community at all ages and stages through education, support services, family events, and advocacy.

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Jump to navigation About adoption Start your journey. Take the first step towards adopting AFABC supports the adoption community at all ages and stages through education, support services, family events, and advocacy.

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This article explains the changing concepts and traditional model of adoptive family and their expectation and acceptance of openness and policies in the formation of new kinship relationship between legal and birth families.

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Adoption protections for Indigenous Children in Canada. 

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Adoption protections for Indigenous Children in Canada. 

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This article explains the protection laws in place for indigenous people regarding adoption. It is helpful to remember that indigenous people do not go through the adoption process the same as non-indigenous people in B.C.

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Kim Van Brunt has an adopted brother from Korea, and her husband has sisters from India and they decided to adopt from Uganda. They were faced with the realization of what it would be like to raise two black children in America. She explains how she had to learn what her white privilege meant when raising black children. This is an important video as it explain the fears of raising black children in a white home inA America, and the dangers that come along with it.

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The Reality of Transracial Adoption | Kim Van Brunt | TEDxZumbroRiver

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Multiracial Family- Transracial Adoption 

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Multiracial Family- Transracial Adoption 

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This video talks about the struggles and challenges of raising a white adopted son in a black family. The family tells of their experiences with people and how they react to them and their white son. They also have two other adopted children, and they described the different ways they ended up adopting them. The video is about a multiracial family that loves each other and share their story with the world in order to help others understand biracial adoptions.

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Raising Our Multiracial Family - Transracial Adoption Story | Parenting Against All Odds | Parents

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This video talks about when the Foster parents want to adopt the children. It talks about the process and the steps that need to be taken. The video also mentions how important it is to keep that relationship with their culture and birthparents.

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BC Federation of Foster Parent Associations (BC Foster Parents)

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BC Foster Basics: Adopting Your Foster Child

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Pre- and Post-Adoption Support Services in Canada: Implications for Policy Makers

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Pre- and Post-Adoption Support Services in Canada: Implications for Policy Makers

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Dwyer, S. C., & Gidluck, L. (2011). Pre- and Post-Adoption Support Services in Canada: Implications for Policy Makers. Retrieved October 25, 2020, from http://community.smu.ca/atlantic/documents/WP31CorbinDwyer_000.pdf

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Talks about how people look at her and her spouse and what they faced while going through the adoption process. Jillian mentioned a lot of the positive and negative things people said and asked about her son. She mentions how her son is inventing himself since he is getting raised 10,000 miles away from where he is born.

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An adoption story | Jillian Lauren | TEDxChapmanU

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This film shows a young man who was adopted and his struggles to have children so him and his partner are talking about adoption as well. The film than takes an interesting twist when he meets his birth parents.

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This video was made by the Adoptive Families Association of BC and it answers some fairly common questions that come up when adopting!
The entire webpage has lists of questions and answers that can be helpful.

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The process of adoption often leads to a lot of questions.

Here are the most common questions we get about adoption.

Have we missed your question? Our Family Support Workers are happy to answer your questions. Or, feel free to contact us anytime at info@bcadoption.com.
General adoption | Eligibility | Adoption from foster care | Other types of adoption | Reunion
General adoption
What is adoption?
Adoption is the legal transfer of parental rights and responsibilities from birthparent(s) to adoptive parent(s).
Why do people adopt?
Infertility is the most common reason for choosing to adopt. But not all families who adopt have experienced infertility. Some families choose adoption first, before, or instead of having birth children. Some families choose to adopt after having one or more children by birth. These families often put their well-developed parenting skills to work by parenting an older child or a child with special needs.
What kinds of adoption are there?
In BC the four major types of adoption are adopting from foster care, adopting internationally, adopting a local infant, and adopting a relative, but there are several other types of adoption.
Who can arrange an adoption for me?
There are four types of adoption representatives in BC who can arrange an adoption.
Who are BC's adoption agencies?
There are four different types of adoption representatives in BC: the Ministry of Children and Family Development, licensed adoption agencies, Aboriginal representatives, and Wendy's Wonderful Kids.
How much does it cost to adopt?
Depending on the type of adoption, costs range from nothing (for adoptions through MCFD) to $60,000+ (for a local infant or international adoptions). To learn more about cost, please see our Fees and expenses page.
How long does the adoption process take?
It varies. A rough average is two to three years.
Can I adopt a child of a specific religion?
Possibly. The children in the care of the Ministry are from a range of cultural and religious backgrounds.
Can I adopt a child that will have no contact with his or her birth family?
Sometimes it's possible for various reasons (geography, the birth family are not healthy or have passed away), but maintaining a connection between the child and their birth family has been shown to be extremely beneficial to the child.
What is a homestudy?
A homestudy is a mandatory process by which an adoption social worker assesses a family or individual who is considering adoption. The process involves a series of interviews and helps prepare the family to meet the needs of an adopted child or sibling set. Learn more about the application process.
How much do I have to clean my home prior to a homestudy?
While it's probably a good idea to clean, the social worker conducting your homestudy is probably more interested in bigger issues than if your home hasn't been dusted this week!
My child was adopted and is having issues now. What do I do?
Reach out to one of our Family Support Workers. It's free to talk to them and they will provide you with different advice depending on the situation.

Eligibility
Am I too old to adopt?
No! For local adoptions, the only age restriction is a minimum age (19). Older applicants may be encouraged to consider school-aged children or teens. Learn more about eligibility to adopt.
I have medical issues. Can I still adopt?
It depends. Your suitability as an adoptive parent will be determined by discussions with a social worker and during your home study.
I'm gay. Can my partner and I adopt?
Yes! Since 1996, British Columbia has allowed any one or two persons to adopt jointly - regardless of gender or sexuality. Although international regulations keep doors closed for LGBTQ2S+ individuals and couples in many countries, there are still available adoption options.
I'm single. Can I adopt?
Yes! The only requirements to apply to adopt in British Columbia are that you are over the age of 19 and a BC resident.
I don't live in BC; can I adopt a child from BC?
Possibly. The Adoption Act changed in March 2017 to permit children and youth in foster care to be adopted by family members that live outside of British Columbia.

Adoption from foster care
Can I adopt from foster care?
Yes! There are currently over 30,000 kids in foster care in Canada waiting to be adopted. In BC, this program is called the Adopt BC Kids program.
What is the Adopt BC Kids program?
The Adopt BC Kids program refers to the children in BC who are in care of the government (foster care) and available to be adopted.
What is the difference between adoption and foster care?
Foster care is a temporary arrangement in which a family is financially compensated to care for a child until the biological parents are able to do so, or until an adoptive home is found. Adoption is a lifelong commitment in which the child becomes a permanent member of your family.
Is it easier to adopt or to foster?
The application processes require approximately the same amount of effort.
Do I get paid to adopt from foster care?
No. Your costs are covered by the government, but you are not paid to adopt.
Are all of the children in foster care Indigenous?
Roughly 50% of children in care are Indigenous.
Are the children in foster care "normal"?
What is "normal" anyway? Children in foster care can have a range of needs, from attachment challenges to disabilities to issues related to exposure to prenatal exposure to drugs and alcohol. The support, services, and type of parenting each child will need to thrive can vary, but they all need love, stability, and family.

Other types of adoption
How do I adopt my partner's child?
For relative or step-child adoptions within BC, most applications can proceed directly through the courts with a family lawyer.
Which countries are currently adopting children to Canada?
International adoption programs open, close, and change with dizzying speed. Some adoption agencies may consider process an adoption from countries other than those they list. Your best bet is to do your research and check with the adoption agencies.

Reunion
I'm an adoptee and am interested in finding my birth family. How do I do it?
If you were adopted in British Columbia, begin with Vital Statistics and the Adoption Reunion Registry. For the rest of Canada, contact the director for adoption in your province or territory. For outside of Canada, you may try through the agency who facilitated your adoption. Learn more about adoption reunion and support.

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The process of adoption often leads to a lot of questions. Here are the most common questions we get about adoption. Have we missed your question? Our Family Support Workers are happy to answer your questions. Or, feel free to contact us anytime at info@bcadoption.com.

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The Adoption of Children in Twentieth-Century British Columbia

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The Adoption of Children in Twentieth-Century British Columbia

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Strong-Boat, V. (2004). INTERRUPTED RELATIONS: The Adoption of Children in ... Retrieved October 25, 2020, from http://ojs.library.ubc.ca/index.php/bcstudies/article/download/1741/1786

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Located in Kamloops, this agency offers counselling to anyone in the "adoption triangle" as they understand this process can bring a lot of different emotions out.

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Adoption Services We offer counselling services to any member of the adoption triangle, in a format that is respectful of the different needs of each individual family. Our office is inclusive of diversity within families seeking or undergoing various types of adoption or re-unification.

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Barriers to Adoption and Foster Care and Openness to Child Characteristics Among Transgender Adults

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Barriers to Adoption and Foster Care and Openness to Child Characteristics Among Transgender Adults

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Goldberg, A. E., Tornello, S., Farr, R., Smith, J. Z., & Miranda, L. (2020). Barriers to adoption and foster care and openness to child characteristics among transgender adults. Children and Youth Services Review, 109, 104699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.104699

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This website provides a lot of information on the adoption journey. It can be helpful to pregnant women that are considering adoption and parents wanting to adopt! You can also view some of the approved families. There are many services that are given for example, providing all the information and different routes you can take and even preparation to your home study assessment.

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Adoption Centre of British Columbia

Welcome!

The Adoption Centre of British Columbia is a government-licensed, British Columbia adoption agency providing adoption services throughout British Columbia. We are part of a non-profit society,KCR Community Resources, in the Family and Adoption Services department. We are designated and approved as a competent authority under the Hague Convention on International Adoptions.

We are a wrap-around service, offering birth parents and prospective adoptive parents expertise, support, information and assistance through every step of their adoption journey. Our experienced and compassionate team of social workers will help you make informed decisions about your options. While our offices are located in Kelowna, we serve families throughout British Columbia.

Additional Adoption Resources

Please be aware that inclusion of these websites should not be interpreted as an endorsement of the agency/organization's services.

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Adoption Centre of British Columbia - KCR Community Resources

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Adoption Centre of British Columbia The Adoption Centre of British Columbia is a government-licensed, British Columbia adoption agency providing adoption services throughout British Columbia. We are part of a non-profit society,KCR Community Resources, in the Family and Adoption Services department. We are designated and approved as a competent authority under the Hague Convention on International Adoptions.

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Provides the mandatory training for foster parents and gives them support to establish a good and strong relationship. This company works with the MInistry of Children and Family development, Delegated Aboriginal Agencies and First Nations bands. There are many other links on this website that can provide support.

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Program Information

The Support to Family Care Network

Provides mandatory training for foster parents including the Pre Service Orientation for new foster parents and the provincial education program

Establishes foster parent community groups in each area for peer support and mentoring opportunities

Helps to strengthen retention of foster parents by offering relevant training to the communities served such as Safe Babies, Non-Violent Crisis Prevention and Intervention, and Grief and Loss

Provides support during a protocol investigation or resolution of issues

Where possible, helps to create locals for the Federation of BC Youth In Care Networks for youth in or from government care

The staff at the Support to Family Care Network work with the Ministry of Children and Family Development (MCFD), Delegated Aboriginal Agencies and First Nations bands.

Who Is Eligible?

All foster parents who care for foster children and youth, including special needs children are eligible.

People who foster for MCFD, Delegated Aboriginal Agencies or First Nations bands within our service area are elgible.

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Support To Family Care Network (STFC) - ICS

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The Support to Family Care Network Provides mandatory training for foster parents including the Pre Service Orientation for new foster parents and the provincial education program Establishes foster parent community groups in each area for peer support and mentoring opportunities Helps to strengthen retention of foster parents by offering relevant

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There are numerous amounts of contact information to many great therapists that offer support to parents, birth parents or children. These certain ones are located here in Kamloops but, if you switch the location there will be some where you are located!

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Get Help

Members

Location

Read

Matching Counsellors providing teletherapy to clients in British Columbia.

See more therapy options for Kamloops

Adoption Counsellors
If you're looking for adoption counselling in Kamloops or help with an adoption in Kamloops or for a Kamloops adoption counsellor, these professionals provide adoption support and adoption counselling. They include adoption counsellors in Kamloops, adoption psychologists and adoption therapists in Kamloops. They can help you coping with adoption in Kamloops, they can support adopting families and provide child counselling for the adopted child (or adopted children) or foster child (or foster children).

They provide Kamloops family counselling for the adoption process, understanding of international adoption and help for adoptive kids, adopted children and adoptive families.

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Kamloops Adoption Counselling - Adoption Counselling Kamloops, British Columbia - Adoption Therapist Kamloops, British Columbia

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Get Help Members Location Read Matching Counsellors providing teletherapy to clients in British Columbia. See more therapy options for Kamloops Adoption Counsellors If you're looking for adoption counselling in Kamloops or help with an adoption in Kamloops or for a Kamloops adoption counsellor, these professionals provide adoption support and adoption counselling.