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UNIDAD 2: PASO 5 – REALIZAR UN ARTÍCULO CON LOS RESULTADOS DE LA AUDITORÍA

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UNIDAD 2: PASO 5 – REALIZAR UN ARTÍCULO CON LOS RESULTADOS DE LA AUDITORÍA

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YESICA LORENA GONZÁLEZ MARTÍNEZ _ CÓDIGO_ 1049639290

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL ABIERTA Y A DISTANCIA ESCUELA DE CIENCIAS AGRÍCOLAS, PECUARIAS Y DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE
REALIZACIÓN DE AUDITORÍAS E INTERVENTORÍAS AMBIENTALES
MAYO DEL 2019

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The company Unión Temporal PTAR Samacá born from the need to obtain water suitable for domestic consumption, the irrigation of crops and for animals this in order to reduce the diseases caused by the consumption of contaminated water. The community of this municipality, through a popular action, demanded the government entities to build a wastewater treatment plant, being CORPOBOYACA responsible for the designs and construction. This plant is built within the framework of the Samacá Municipal Development Plan and the Departmental Development Plan of Boyacá. So far, this company, is in the construction stage, and have a maximum start-up time of 12 months (public works contract No. 001 of 2019).

For the treatment of wastewater, it has been proposed to build three treatment trains that operate independently, these trains are composed of a screening, demander, spillway, UASB reactor and a treatment of possible chlorination. The water that will be generated from this treatment plant will be used to irrigate the crops and the sludge generated from the entire process will be delivered to the population so that they can use it as organic fertilizer in their crops (Previso Studies).

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-In the facilities of the PTAR, the enclosure (fences) of the property was not observed; the only limitation that exists is the strip generated by the crops surrounding the property. The person in charge of the work declares that this is due to the fact that the works only take 15 days to start, but in Decree 1469 of 2010, it is established that the enclosure must be done before any activity, and the activities that already They have related have generated environmental impacts such as increased sound pressure, people who are working in the surrounding land are being susceptible to the material that is raised.

-The managers, declares that the environmental impacts identified for the construction of the plant are not very significant, although the entire ecosystem that was previously, was completely modified. The person in charge is justified in the fact that the property was used for cultivation, therefore any modification in the land will not affect the area any more.

-Deamination of waters containing sediments that are a product of construction, to the channel where the population takes water for irrigation. This water does not pass through treatment to be poured.

-In the construction work there is no signaling of any kind, it is not observed which area is destined for the unloading of materials, in the same way the areas where the excavations have already been carried out, there is no signaling that allows to inform all the zones of work, it is also not observed which areas are intended to contain the waste that is being generated. Similarly, the danger that all workers run when approaching construction is not reported.

-They do not have clarity about the disposal of construction waste, despite the fact that Resolution 01115 of 2012, requires that this must be planned in advance in the Management Plan for Construction and Demolition Waste. In the same way before being able to reuse the generated waste, it is required that a classification of all the waste be made.

-The waste generated is not isolated, nor protected from the action of wind or rain.

-None of the workers who were in the construction had protection measures.

-There is no designated area for the workers' rest; During the audit process, it was observed that all workers sit on the edge of nearby crops.

-There are no waste bins, destined for the waste generated by all personnel, which prevents them from being handled properly.

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-The environmental impacts that are being generated in the construction works of the Wastewater Treatment Plant, are due to the need to finish the project in the established time. But the consequences that this entails can be serious, since at the moment that the environmental authorities realize that they are not complying with the minimum requirements they can for the work and these will surely entail economic sanctions.

- At this moment, these works are generating environmental impacts that can affect the agricultural production of the neighboring properties, since the increase of the particulate material can affect the physiology of the plants, having an impact on the development, growth and reproduction. In the same way, the lack of fences to contain the sound generates disturbance in the pollinators, since many have to migrate when the noises are strong.

-The biggest problem, which is observed is the ignorance or non-assimilation of the environmental impacts that are generated by the construction work. Although the area was used for agricultural production, there was an ecosystem that was strongly influenced by the pulses of production, but there were species that fulfilled ecosystem services, such as carbon capture, oxygen production and possibly bio- accumulation of heavy metals. Similarly, at the time of construction there is fragmentation and isolation of the population that were shared in all the crops. The processes of vegetation removal and gravel posture generate particles that can affect the fauna.

- Likewise, the lack of signaling is a risk for workers and for neighboring people, given that there is no information to show the danger that people can face when exceeding the permitted limits. At this time, accidents can begin to occur, since there is already an excavation and it is not properly marked.

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Despite the fact that construction began approximately at the end of March 2019, it must be kept in mind that all the requirements that are needed before starting construction are necessary, since this will prevent environmental impacts from being reduced. It is recommended that these preventive measures have been taken into account, since up to now the environment is affected.

It is recommended to carry out the environmental objectives, even though the governmental entities are not requesting them. This in order to achieve a work that meets its responsibility and that in the future is an example for more municipalities.

It is recommended that all workers including those responsible for the works, know the environmental policies that exist for the creation of the company, given that so far only who has that information is the environmental engineer.

Of the created environmental files, it must be implemented, since they will be a lost job, which implies damages that may be irreversible without being taken into account.

In the same way the environmental information must be available, so that the interested ones can review it, since until now I can not find .

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Contrato de Obra Pública No. 001 de 2019. Construcción Planta de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales para el área Urbana del Municipio de Samacá, Boyacá., Fase 1. Recuperado de https://www.contratos.gov.co/consultas/detalleProceso.do?numConstancia=18-1-196438

Estudios previos. Recuperado de https://www.contratos.gov.co/consultas/detalleProceso.do?numConstancia=18-1-196438