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one who before Texas became part of the U.S.entered into a contract with the Spanish or Mexican government to settle a certain number of families in Texas in exchange for sizable grants of land.

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an American empresario. Known as the "Father of Texas", and the founder of Texas, he led the second, and ultimately, the successful colonization of the region by bringing 300 families from the United States to the region in 1825.

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became a military captain and was elected president in 1833, known for his efforts in staving off Spain's attempt to recapture the country.

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Texian soldiers established a garrison at the Alamo Mission, a former Spanish religious outpost which had been converted to a makeshift fort by the recently expelled Mexican Army.

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fought on April 21, 1836, in present-day Harris County, Texas, was the decisivebattle of the Texas Revolution. Led by General Sam Houston, the Texian Army engaged and defeated General Antonio López de Santa Anna's Mexican army in a fight that lasted just 18 minutes.

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A slave owning southerner dedicated to Democratic party. U.S. House of Representative from TN 1825-39 acting as the Speaker from 1835-39. Became Gov. of TN 1939-1841. In 1844, he was a "dark horse" candidate for president, and he won the election. A nationalist that campaigned on Manifest Destiny: Annex Texas, Occupy Oregon 54' 40" or fight. Most territory added than any other President accept Jefferson. Oregon Treaty, reestablished an independent Treasury System, Walker Tariff, Mexican War, treaty of Guadalupe 1848. Official U.S. territory of Oregon 1848.He was a friend and follower of Andrew Jackson. He opposed Clay's American System, instead advocating lower tariff, separation the treasury and the federal government from the banking system.

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Before 1848, California wasn't even part of the United States, it belonged to Mexico. And the people who lived there were the Californios. A Californio was a Spanish speaking, Catholic person of Latin American descent born in Alta California between 1769 and 1848.

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During the Bear Flag Revolt, from June to July 1846, a small group of American settlers in California rebelled against the Mexican government and proclaimed California an independent republic.

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Ended the Mexican War; under its terms Mexico gave up all claims to Texas north of the Rio Grande and ceded California, the Utah and New Mexico territories. Also paid Mexico fifteen million dollars for the lands, but the land cession amounted to nearly half that nation's territory.

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now contained in New Mexico and Arizona, purchased for $10,000,000 from Mexico in 1853, the treaty being negotiated by James Gadsden. Examples from the Web for Gadsden Purchase. The Gadsden Purchase of 1853 secured a further small strip of territory from Mexico.

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John Sutter, in full John Augustus Sutter, original name Johann August Suter, German-born Swiss pioneer settler and colonizer in California; the discovery of gold on his land in 1848 precipitated the California Gold Rush.

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The Donner Party, or Donner-Reed Party, was a group of American pioneers led by George Donner and James F. Reed who set out for California in a wagon train in May 1846. They were delayed by a series of mishaps and mistakes, and spent the winter of 1846–47 snowbound in the Sierra Nevada.

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The people who left their homes in search of gold were later referred to as the "forty-niners," simply because the year was 1849. Although the exact numbers are unknown, it's believed that around 300,000 people migrated to California during the Gold Rush.

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a preliminary printed statement that describes an enterprise (such as a business or publication) and that is distributed to prospective buyers, investors, or participants.

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a surficial mineral deposit formed by the concentration of small particles of heavy minerals, as gold, rutile, or platinum, in gravel or small sands. 2. the site of a form of mining (placer mining) in which a placer deposit is washed to separate the gold or other valuable minerals. Origin of placer ¹.