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Any arrangement of these elements.

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Where all tools are located.

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Grand Central Station for managing layers. The Background is the bottom layer in the image.

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user interface element that contains selectable commands and options for a specific program.

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1. Choose Layer > New Fill Layer, and choose an option. Name the layer, set layer options, and click OK.

2. Click the New Adjustment Layer button at the bottom of the Layers panel, and choose a fill layer type. Solid Color. Fills the adjustment layer with the current foreground color.

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Enables you to adjust the colors in your image based on their hue, saturation, and lightness. Hue is the color in your image. Saturation is the intensity, or richness, of that color. And lightness controls the brightness value.

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The global adjustment of the intensities of the colors.

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This allows you to move a selection or entire layer by dragging it with your mouse or using your keyboard arrows keys. The move tool is located at the top right of the Photoshop Toolbox. When the move tool is selected, click and drag anywhere in the image.

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Allows you to zoom in on the image to get a better idea of the actual pixel makeup of a section you are working on. You simply click on the zoom icon and then click on the canvas. The canvas will zoom one step for each mouse click.

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Use this tool to make selections on your image, in a rectangular shape. This changes the area of your image that is affected by other tools or actions to be within the defined shape. Holding the [Shift] key while dragging your selection, restricts the shape to a perfect square.

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Undo

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Paint brush

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Eraser

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Brush size

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ALT+Mouse Wheel

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Sample Color

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For selecting areas which have reasonably well-defined edges. Left-click at the starting point of your selection and simply move the mouse along the edge.

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Unlike other selection tools that select pixels in an image based on shapes or by detecting object edges, the Magic Wand selects pixels based on tone and color.

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Similar to the lasso tool, except that instead of holding your mouse button down to draw, left-click on various points to create a selection with a series of straight edges. You can also hold down the Alt key (Windows) or Option key (Mac OS) to draw freehand sections.

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selection expands outward and automatically finds and follows defined edges in the image. Select the Quick Selection tool . (If the toolisn't visible, hold down the Magic Wand tool .) In the options bar, click one of the selection options: New, Add To, or Subtract From.

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used to draw selections based on geometric shapes. Specifically, the marquee tool allows you to draw rectangular and elliptical selections. To form the selection, simply click and drag the mouse.

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New duplicate layer from selection

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While selecting to remove from selection

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While selecting to add to selection

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new layer cut from selection

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Deselects, gets rid of marching ants.

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To clean up selection, smooth edges

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Inverse selection

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Merges a layer to whatever layer is below it.

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The default healing tool in Photoshop and can be used to clone areas from an image and blend the pixels from the sampled area seamlessly with the target area. The basic principle is that the texture from the sample area is blended with the color and luminosity surrounding wherever you paint.

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The basic principle is that the texture from the sample area is blended with the color and luminosity surrounding wherever you paint.

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Initially operates in a lasso selection mode that can be used to define the area to patch from or patch to. For example, you can hold down the Option/Alt key to temporarily convert the patch tool to become a polygonal lasso tool with which to draw straight line selection edges.

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Allow you to select pixels and move or extend them to another area of your image without the use of layers and masks.

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removing red eye from photographs that have been taken with a direct flash source.

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Lighten areas of the image. These tools are based on a traditional darkroom technique for regulating exposure on specific areas of a print. Photographers hold back light to lighten an area on the print (dodging)

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Darken areas of the image. These tools are based on a traditional darkroom technique for regulating exposure on specific areas of a print. Photographers hold increase the exposure to darken areas on a print (burning).

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Saturates / desaturates image areas: In the Toolbox, select the Sponge Tool. Choose brush size and style*. Select mode (what do you want - saturate or desaturate). Set the tool's Flow (tool's strength).

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Allows you to duplicate part of an image. The process involves setting a sampling point in the image which will be used as a reference to create a new cloned area.

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Removing portions of a photo to create focus or strengthen the composition. Use the Crop tool to crop and straighten photos in Photoshop. The Crop tool is non-destructive, and you can choose to retain the cropped pixels to optimize the crop boundaries later.

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The ratio of the width to the height of an image or screen.

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Straightens a cropped photo.

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Layer masks use values of gray to assign levels of transparency to specific portions of a layer or group of layers while clipping masks use the transparency of one layer to define that of a different layer or group of layers.

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Each stroke made using the Blur Tool will lower the contrast between affected pixels, making them appear blurred. ... A soft blur brush will alter pixels at varying strengths, stronger in the center turning weaker towards the edges.

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Sharpening enhances the definition of edges in an image. Whether your images come from a digital camera or a scanner, most images can benefit from sharpening. Sharpen your image multiple times in small amounts. Sharpen the first time to correct blur captured by a scanner or digital camera.

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A smudge tool in Photoshop can be used to create a lens blur effect and to blend certain aspects of a picture. Merge colors in Photoshop with the use of a smudge tool with help from a graphic and Web designer in this free video on Photoshop.

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The Gradient tool creates a gradual blend between multiple colors. You can choose from preset gradient fills or create your own. Note: You cannot use the Gradient tool with bitmap or indexed-color images. To fill part of the image, select the desired area.

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The Paint Bucket tool fills an area, that is similar in color value to the pixels you click. You can fill an area with the foreground color or a pattern. Choose a foreground color. Select the Paint Bucket tool in the toolbox.

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Creates and edits vector-based text in a separate layer. In the Toolbox, select the Horizontal Type Tool. On the Options bar, set the font options: family (style), size, color and anti-aliasing method. Click on your image and type.

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Creates and edits vector-based text in a separate layer. In the Toolbox, select the Vertical Type Tool. On the Options bar, set the font options: family (style), size, color and anti-aliasing method.

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The first hour after the occurrence of a traumatic injury, considered the most critical for successful emergency treatment.

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high dynamic range (HDR) technique used in imaging and photography to reproduce a greater dynamic range of luminosity than is possible with standard digital imaging or photographic techniques.

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a small illustration or portrait photograph that fades into its background without a definite border.

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The camera determines a proper exposure not on the average brightness levels of the whole frame, but just of one specific spot.

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One of four modes found mostly on Canon cameras to help measure a subject's brightness, enabling the photographer to take a correct exposure.

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Mode of automatic light metering in a camera that compensates for differences in the brightness of the central and peripheral portions of the image.

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The default metering mode on most DSLRs. It works similarly to the above example by dividing the entire frame into multiple “zones”, which are then all analyzed on individual basis for light and dark tones.

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This usually referred to a work of art that was divided into sections and hinged together but has come to be something that is widely used in photography and the art world.

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Photo divided in three parts, connected to make one large picture.