# data[].attributes.body
I think the societal view of mental issues has definitely changed over time. Many more people are coming forward now admitting they have or are suffering from mental health issues. People are encouraged to talk about their mental health issues, and to seek help. These advances we have made make it so our mental  health issues do not mean we are "crazy." Although we have come quite far,  I still do feel we need to further educate ourselves on this issue. I feel in order to become fully accepting of those who suffer from mental illness, we need to be well informed. I really do think it has helped having more and more people be open about their conditions. We see that these "normal" people can experience mental health issues and live a normal life.
I had mixed reactions watching the video. It brought great sadness thinking those were the conditions these people suffered. It seems that the mental state of these people would only get worse having lived like that. The video also brought  a sense of gratitude. Gratitude that it no longer has to be like that, and that mentally ill people are treated fairly and humanely.

# data[].attributes.body
I believe that society's attitude and beliefs around mental illness has shifted over time. In this TV report on "Willowbrook", it is clear that those suffering from mental illness where treated inhumanely and were not cared for by society. The societal view of mental illness has improved since Kennedy's time, but there are still issues. People are quickly labeled as "crazy", are blamed for their mental illness, and are sometimes even told their illness isn't real. Clients sometimes wait weeks before actually seeing a therapist, or getting into an office, because mental health offices lack the resources to meet the high need. Counselors are underpaid. Issues still exist.

Watching this video made me feel thankful that times have improved. I also feel thankful for, and inspired by, the counselors who do treat their clients in the best way possible, form connections, support the client, sets goals, and overall improve their client's lives(unlike those doctors and therapists at Willowbrook). Finally, I feel like society needs to better educate themselves on mental health.

# data[].attributes.body
I believe the typical societal attitude regarding mental illness is one of insensitivity, inferiority, and at times blaming and shaming. I believe many citizens view situations where it is possible for someone to have a mental illness as a “cop out” or “safety net.” For example, following episodes of school shootings or acts of unjustified violence, the usual scapegoat considers the perpetrator having a mental illness or disability. While this could occasionally be the case, more often than not it is used as a false means of justification. Others view mental illnesses as burdens on the general population, reflecting very insensitive values. The “burden” of having to take care of someone with a mental illness or feeling that adequate care is “too much” or “too expensive” also represents a vast majority of opinions. While it is known that there is a high need of properly trained professionals, adequate resources, community resources, awareness, family partners, etc., many people believe that too much is required to care for someone that has a mental illness rather than understanding their needs. People aren’t willing to learn and educate themselves on various mental illnesses either- some simply limit them to either extremes of the spectrum without recognizing that a spectrum is indeed present. Mental health and behavioral health are complex and should be treated as so. I also believe that majority of our population view those with mental illnesses as uneducated and/or unable to function and live a “normal” life because of their illness. Society limits their lives and experiences based on their illness. Overall, the typical societal attitude is extremely negative, ignorant, and can tends to self-perpetuate the lack of viable resources and assistance.

While watching this video, I personally think of the moments of irony regarding the Kennedy Administration and Kennedy family itself in regard to their views on mental illnesses. I also thought it was important to note their current political affiliations at the time of this video. When visiting Willowbrook, I cringed at the conditions and time period that isn’t too far from today, while also appreciating the efforts that have been made. However, there is still much, much work to be done and continuously done. I applaud the physician mentioned for urging the parents in Building 6 at Willowbrook to unite and organize. His attempts to assist them in finding a better solution for their children at Willowbrook is admirable. However, I wasn’t surprised at him being fired for his actions. Though I felt let down, these actions from the higher ups at state funded institutions aren’t surprising. Watching this video also further solidified and reassured me of the work I am currently doing and aim to accomplish. These past reminders are helpful in not only understanding the history of attempted treatment, but also reflecting what more needs to be done.

# data[].attributes.body
I believe that how people view Mental Illness have change drastically through the years. Not so long ago like the times when Robert Kennedy visited the State Institution for the Mentally Retarded, people will use terminology such as "retarded" to describe people with mental illnesses. Going back maybe about 200 years ago when there was very little knowledge about mental illnesses; individuals that weren't "normal" people believed they were crazy or even possessed by demons. Nowadays that we have more knowledge about mental health, people have a better understanding on the subject. Nevertheless, I believe there is still stigmas about mental health in today. In todays society even though we have more knowledge, more services, more research, laws that protects people with mental health; I believe that we the society sit back and expect that all of these things that are accessible with no effort from our part.
Regarding how the video affected me, I can say that it made me think about how much the mental health issues no matter how we call it today or in 30 years from now people still label mental illnesses negatively. I know that

# data[].attributes.body
"Willowbrook"
Society's perceptions on mental illness has certainly changed since the time where Bobby Kennedy was speaking about the "snake pits" which are asylums for the mentally ill/developmentally disabled. (It is ironic that this is coming from a Kennedy, who notoriously sent one of their own children to an institution, only to be lobotomized). Today, there is an acceptance of the idea of mental illness. There are commercials depicting people who are suffering from depression, promoting the newest drug. Television shows depict the reality of what it is to be mentally ill. The idea of mental illness is not brushed under the rug as a it once was. With that said however, mental illness is not as fully understood by society as it could be. In terms of recent topics, when the idea of gun control (sic) comes up, or something that hits close to home, people (many) jump on the bandwagon that this is a "mental health" problem that needs to be addressed---not a societal problem, essentially lumping mentally ill into one vast catalogue of "craziness." Mental illness is sort of a catch-all phrase, but it is slowly catching on in terms of societal acceptance. It effects all of us at one point or another...

As for the Willowbrook video with Geraldo, which is hilarious to see his little mustachioed face. Willowbrook, as well as all other institutions were a disgrace. Abuse, neglect, ineffective treatment, were all Hallmarks of these sordid places. These places are another black eye on the history of the United States, and a reminder of the squeaky clean image that society wanted to uphold.

# data[].attributes.body
Society’s perception on mental illness is shifting in a more positive direction, but there’s still a ton of work to do. In order to further improve the way people perceive those living with a mental illness, more educational opportunities need to be provided to the general public. Many people fear, or avoid individuals affected by mental illness because they do not fully understand the complexities of certain disorders. The stigmas and stereotypes associated with mentally ill people will not disappear until the conversations about this topic become more prevalent in homes, public schools, universities, and the government. More support (financial, housing, treatment) needs to be provided for those affected by mental illness, and a foundation for this type of support can be built by educating people.

In reaction to the Willow Brook report, it’s disturbing to think that so many children were deprived of compassion, understanding, and respect. The isolation, poor living conditions, and inhumane treatment depicted in Geraldo’s documentary is completely horrifying. As a teacher, it was incredibly difficult to watch many scenes throughout the video clip … my heart broke for these children. Kennedy spoke truthfully when he stated, “many of our citizens are suffering tremendously because of a lack of attention, lack of imagination, and a lack of adequate man-power.” Since Willow Brook, science and research connected to mental illness has brought a lot of good change, and I’m thankful for the advocates that have helped improve the lives of those impacted by mental illness… and this progress needs to continue.

# data[].attributes.body
Currently, I believe the societal attitude towards mental illness is wanting to help those with mental illness but not fully knowing where to begin. There are many programs and agencies around to help those who suffer from mental illness but a huge concern is assisting the severely mentally ill transition back into society. Many of the people who suffer from mental illness are homeless or utilizing assistance. There needs to be a surplus of income based apartments for those individuals who receive assistance but can't afford a full months rent of 650 and up. Also, society has mixed feelings on the drug epidemic. Some feel as if drug addiction is a mental illness whereas others believe its a choice. This divide count prohibit people suffering from addiction to receive proper and appropriate care.

Watching this video made me very uneasy. Its very sad that children and adults were treated this way regardless if they have a developmental disability or mental illness. These facilities were awful and consistently fed the stigma around developmental disorders and mental illness. I would never allow my child to be in that living situation and I am extremely happy that something was done about those horrific conditions.

# data[].attributes.headline
Willow Brook "Snake Pit"- Michelle Robertson 

# data[].attributes.subject
Willow Brook "Snake Pit"- Michelle Robertson 

# data[].attributes.body
Mental illness is a serious affliction present in today's society, but the bigger affliction is within the societal perception of mental disorders and how to accurately treat those that suffer from them. Society, in general, has looked down on those with handicaps, but admittedly, with a stronger understanding, through science, society has shifted its negative portrayal in a more positive light . Knowledge, being the key to this enlightenment.

This report about Willow Brook certainly shows a move towards positive attitudes and removing the stigma from mental illness.  The differences between the New York facility and the California facility were stunning. The progression of California's treatment shows that significant changes have been made in how we treat mental illnesses.

After watching the full report and hearing from the attendants at the facilities and patrons, it is clear that both suffered in this institution; Neither knowing how to successfully communicate, interact or console. I felt terrible for the children having been exposed to such conditions and essentially being treated worse than animals. It is hard to think that mental illnesses were regarded with such distaste and those that had them were so misunderstood and alone.

If anyone would like to watch a true story  depiction of such occurrences, watch the Lifetime Movie Network  feature After the Promise which can be found at this link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ooT_OjnOWeA

This movie gives a strong depiction of the "genetic counseling" that took place at some mental health facilities at the most extreme levels.  Certainly the genetic counseling discussed in the report was focused on education rather than sterilization.

# data[].attributes.body
During the time the video we viewed was recorded and the first documentary was recorded, it seemed that people were starting to change their views on their attitudes regarding mental health. I think many people didn't want to acknowledge that there were so many issues surrounding mental illness that it was easier to lock people away so they weren't seen or heard. People didn't want to face this problem. I believe as a society we have come a long way in facing these issues which revolve around mental illness, but we still have a ways to go. Now it's much easier to have an open discussion about mental illness, and I think that's in part because so many people are dealing with mental illnesses, and we have leaders who have changed laws, so people are becoming more open to discussing it. Even the media (movies, tv shows, music) are making it better and more acceptable for people to just be who they are, regardless of their mental illness. After watching this video clip, I felt angry. Angry that this ever occurred, but also angry because i'm not surprised. I've known of mentally ill people being treated every poorly in the past, and it's not surprising that there was an institution that mistreated human beings who had a mental illness. I also felt happy that Geraldo exploited the Willowbrook institution in order to make real lasting changes.

# data[].attributes.body
I believe there is still a great deal of stigma and stereotypes associated with mental health illnesses.  I can understand why individuals experiencing mental health problems would delay treatment due to fear of what others might think of them.  As schools and community agencies work toward seeing each individual as a person with unique strengths and talents, more education is needed.  I feel schools should strive to improve mental health literacy as a component of education.

Although standards of care have improved drastically and stigma and stereotypes have been reduced, there is still much work that needs to be done to dispell myths and allow all people to reach their full potential.  I believe there is a great deal of self-stigma where people facing mental health challenges experience diminished self worth and feel they have reduced potential.  I also feel there is a great deal of family stigma where family members might be blamed for providing a poor environment with little knowledge of the individual situation.

Watching videos regarding Willow Brook sadden me deeply. It is hard to imagine that individuals with intellectual disabilities and mental health diagnoses had to endure such horrible conditions. I have worked with one individual who lived at Willow Brook, and his resiliency amazes me. I have heard stories of drinking from toilets because this was the only liquid available to drink. I have also heard of many individuals dying due to choking on the mush provided since caregivers had only three minutes to feed each person. It is terrible to think about the conditions which many people were forced to live through for long periods of time. It reminds us that we must treat each individual with dignity and provide them with the tools and skills to allow them to be successful and valued members of our society.

# data[].attributes.body
In my opinion, I still believe society negatively views people with mental health illnesses. Unfortunately, I have witnessed this in the school districts I have worked. I do not believe though faculty and staff mean to have a negative view of the children with mental health illnesses. I believe this is more due to lack of education and training on mental health illnesses. We have a large number of students diagnosed with ADHD or Generalized Anxiety Disorder. I feel sometimes faculty and staff have less patience for these students than other students in their classroom. The lack of education on mental health illnesses and lacking of training on strategies to provide to these students is the leading culprit, in my opinion. I have heard many teachers say they have not received any college classes in their education programs on students with mental health illnesses, including strategies and resources to use within their classroom. College education programs should look into added classes for teachers in order to better prepare them for having students with mental health illnesses in their classrooms. In the past, students with mental health illnesses were more likely to be placed in segregated special education classrooms and not with their peers. Nowadays this is not the case as they are integreated in general education classrooms with peers, but the faculty and staff do not have the proper education and training to be able to support these students.  Not only do faculty and staff need to be educated and trained on mental health illnesses, I also believe the students need to be educated as well.
I watched several videos on Williowbrook and I have to say some of them were more difficult for me to watch than others, especially the ones where you saw the different wards of the patients in Williowbrook. Hearing about the conditions did not affect me as much as seeing them. Seeing these videos makes me wonder how people could treat other people like this and why this treatment was allowed to happen for so long. Again, I believe this all goes back to education on mental health illnesses and training on strategies and resources for the people caring for them.

# data[].attributes.body
Corrigan, P., Green, A., Lunden, R., Kubick, M.A., & Penn, D.L (2001). Familiarity With and Social Distance From People Who Have Serious Mental Illness. Psychiatric Services. 52 (7), 953-958.

# data[].attributes.body
Viewing the Willow Brook news report and subsequent background information reminded me of stories my mother told of volunteering at the Seaside Regional Center in Waterford Connecticut in the 1950's as a young teenager. She described endless wards filled with adult sized cribs, each occupied by a restrained child or adult. Few staff were available and the volunteers were expected to bathe and feed the patients in the cribs. The sounds and smells were horrendous and the misery overwhelming. The state of Connecticut finally shut Seaside down after reports of abuse and neglect reached the public.
Clearly the plight of the mentally ill has improved since that time, with a better understanding of the causes of and appropriate treatments for the mentally ill. However, the stigma of mental illness continues. It is in many ways subtle but carries a negative connotation. A recent research study by Corrigan et al. found a high correlation between mental illness and fear, perceptions of danger and social distancing.  Suggestions for attitudinal change stated that increasing public awareness of mental illness would decrease social stigmas (Corrigan et al., 2001).
The video was disturbing to me but not surprising. The warehousing of humans afflicted with mental illness has been ongoing for centuries both in the United States and elsewhere. It is a human response when ignorance and fear combine

# data[].attributes.body
After watching several videos regarding Willowbrook and reflecting on my own personal and professional experiences with mental health, I am reminded that there still exists unfortunate stigma surrounding mental illness in this country. There are many layers to this stigma, from outright fear and ignorance (“that girl is bipolar, stay away from her”) to blanket generalizations/dehumanization (“ugh, I’ve gotta deal with my schizo client today”) to an overabundance of minimization (“I’m so OCD/ADHD/dyslexic/etc”). Through psychoeducation of clients, peers, and colleagues, I do my best to combat these stigmas in my day-to-day, but often find even myself slipping occasionally. Unfortunately, I believe that this is often the “typical” societal attitude regarding mental illness for those not educated fully on the inner workings of mental health treatment. Mental illness is often regarded as “invisible” and is treated by society in noticeably different ways. Where a physical illness or injury is regarded in a comforting way, mental illness can often be seen as a person faking or just feeling down or not trying hard enough. Thankfully, I often see friends and coworkers posting positive messages to throw back the tide of stigma- messages of pride, of a lack of shame, of opening discussion about mental illness, and raising awareness.

As for Willowbrook, the video shook me, as a I know those children were adversely impacted by their experience in that facility. I shudder to think as to the lasting developmental impact of being treated so poorly. Kennedy’s assertion that we are all at fault, as a nation, is one I share. It is on all of us- providers, family members, policy makers, etc, to ensure those with mental illnesses are given adequate care and the opportunity at a life of choice. My interest in Willowbrook, deinstitutionalization, and the history of mental illness in our country is further piqued. Several documentaries are on my watch list now…

# data[].attributes.body
People with mental illness has received negative feedback from society. Society does not want to have to deal with people who have these conditions because they are different than others. However, society does not understand that these people did not choose to have these disabilities and that they were born with it. Since I work with students with a large array of disabilities (some with multiple), a lot of people have told me that it really takes a lot of patience to work with them and it is not easy. My personal perception working with this population was that I wanted to help them but i wasn't sure if I was capable. After working a few months, I realized, that it is not only extremely rewarding to work students with mental illness, but it is not as challenging as many may think it is. After watching the video, I like how the conditions have really improved and how integrated schools are becoming with accomodating students that need instructional support. This topic is relatable since I work with special education students.
Eric Wong

# data[].attributes.body
I think that mental illness has a negative stigma in society. When people think of mental illness they think of a disorder and may be scared to interact with them. I think that the typical societal attitude is negative and scared. People do not take the time to get to know each other and help one another and instead when they think someone is mentally ill they say "they are crazy" instead of helping them. I think that this video has shown how mental illness is still current in today's society and the facilities to help these individuals are improving but still need more work. I was affected by this video because it made me think back to the history of mental illness and how before the individuals were treated so poorly and considered inadequate and got poor care. This is still an issue in today's society that counselors can work towards improving!
-Melinda Webster