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Lastly, Discharge is when the newly disinfected water is released back into the natural water cycle, usually through a river source. Sadly, our lab was unable to go to a river, so we simply dumped it into the sink, hoping the water would reach the river. I believe Discharge was the most disappointing step because throughout the whole lengthy process, we ended up dumping our work into the sink.

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Disinfection is the last major process, this is where the water becomes drinkable. The disinfection stage is the utilization of chemicals to kill the last tiny living organisms. There are many ways to disinfect the water, shown below is the Ultra Violet(UV) light method, in which the light kills the tiny living organisms. In our lab, we poured two teaspoons of household bleach into the "Disinfection" labeled cylinder. We stirred it with a clean teaspoon to make sure it mixes with all of the water. The overall goal of making the water drinkable was accomplished in both our lab and real life, despite the different methods utilized.

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Primary Settling is very crucial in the Wastewater Treatment process. Primary Settling Tanks cause the water to flow very slowly, the slow flow allows the fine solids of humans wastes and germs to drop to the bottom of the tank. The human waste and germs form a thick grey layer of sludge at the bottom, and the light substances float to the surface.In our lab, we utilized a teaspoon that had a piece of cotton wool in the cupping and a smaller net covering the cupping, that acted as the scrapper. We then titled the Primary Settling Tank, and scrapped off the later of oil and any leaves left on the surface.After scrapping it off, we dumped the Primary Settling Tank water into the "Bioreactor," blocking any sludge from entering the Bioreactor. Both in real life and our lab, the main point of the Primary Settling Tank is to make sure the sludge doesn't enter the Bioreactor.

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In the Biological Treatment, the wastewater enters a Bioreactor. Inside the Bioreactor, the Bioreactor releases a mixture of tiny organisms that feed on the dissolved nutrients in the wastewater.The germs also die off because they can't handle the conditions inside of the Bioreactor. Feeding on the dissolved nutrients is crucial due the nutrients inside the wastewater may pollute or reduce oxygen levels in rivers. In our lab, we added the mixture of dry sand and ENO into the "Bioreactor."The mixture would represent the special organisms that are used in real life to remove the dissolved nutrients from water. After adding the mixture, we must stir until the bubbles disappear. Unlike real life, the mixture used in our lab may not have really removed the dissolved nutrients, yet it represented an the idea of what would really occur inside a Bioreactor.

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Secondary Settling is when the tiny organisms that fed on the dissolved nutrients and the remaining germs from human waste begin to clump into a sludge-like substance. The process in the Secondary Settling Tank is done by slowing the water down enough so the tiny organisms and germs sink to the bottom, and the clear water rises to the surface. This is one of the most crucial steps because this is when water really transforms into "cleaner" water. In our lab, we let the mixture in the Secondary Settling Tank mix for one minute, allowing the sludge to reach the bottom. After a minute, we poured the liquid from the Secondary Settling Tank into "Disinfection," examining carefully to make sure only the clear water enters disinfection. The activity in our lab closely relates to the real life process due to the water in both becoming "cleaner." That's one of my main goals accomplished.

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In real life and our lab, the second step is the Grit Removal. Grit Removal is important because it removes the grit( stones,sands, and salt) out of the water. It's done by slowing down the water, allowing the grit to drop to the bottom.The grit-less water is then moved to the Primary Settling Tank through pipes. In our lab, we mixed the"Grit Chamber," allowing the grit to sink to the bottom. After the grit reached the bottom, we dumped the water into the "Primary Settling Tank," making sure the grit doesn't enter the Primary Settling Tank. Our lab process is very correspondent to the real life process because in both, the grit sinks to the bottom, then the grit-less water is moved into the a Primary Settling Tank.

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In real life and our lab, the first step is Screening. Screening is when the wastewater first passes through large metal bar screens. The large metal bar screens trap large objects(plastics, etc), yet it allows the rest of the water to flow through. Screening is important because it prevents large objects from damaging pipes, pumps, and tanks. In our lab, we placed a net on top of the "Grit Chamber" and let the water flow into the Grit Chamber. The net, acting as the screen, stopped the large objects, the rocks in our experiment, and it protected the Grit Chamber. Overall, the goal of the screening process was successfully accomplished as it mimicked a real screen.