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cell theory is the historic scientific theory, now universally accepted, that living organisms are made up of cells. Cells are the basic unit of structure in all organisms and also the basic unit of reproduction.

The three tenets to the cell theory are as described below:

1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells. (However, this is considered a controversy because non-cellular life such as viruses are disputed as a life form.[1] See Non-cellular life.)

2. The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization in organisms.

3. Cells arise from pre-existing cells.

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Meiosis is a specialized type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, creating four haploid cells, each genetically distinct from the parent cell that gave rise to them.[1] This process occurs in all sexually reproducing single-celled and multicellular eukaryotes, including animals, plants, and fungi.

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mitosis is a part of the cell cycle when replicated chromosomes are separated into two new nuclei. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is preceded by the S stage of interphase (during which the DNA is replicated) and is often accompanied or followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components.[1] Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells genetically identical to each other.

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Cell division is the process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells.[1] Cell division usually occurs as part of a larger cell cycle. Ineukaryotes, there are two distinct types of cell division: a vegetative division, whereby each daughter cell is genetically identical to the parent cell (mitosis),[2] and a reproductive cell division, whereby the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells is reduced by half to produce haploid gametes (meiosis).

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Cell biology or cytology, (from the Greek κυτος, kytos, "vessel") is a branch of biology that studies the different structures and functions of the cell and focuses mainly on the idea of the cell as the basic unit of life. Cell biology explains the structure, organization of the organelles they contain, their physiological properties, metabolicprocesses, Signaling pathways, life cycle, and interactions with their environment.

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The permanent increase in size and dry mass by an increase in number of cells, cell size, or both.

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Sexual reproduction is a form of reproduction where two morphologically distinct types of specialized reproductive cells called gametes fuse together, involving a female's large ovum (or egg) and a male's smaller sperm. Each gamete contains half the number of chromosomes of normal cells.

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Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction by which offspring arise from a single organism, and inherit the genes of that parent only; it does not involve the fusion of gametes, and almost never changes the number of chromosomes.

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Progresses that make more of the same kind of organism.

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The ability to detect or sense changes in the environment and to make responses.

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Chemical reactions that break down nutrient molecules in living cells to release energy.

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Removal from organisms of toxic materials, the waste products of metabolism and substances in excess.

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Taking in nutrients which are organic substances and mineral ions, containing raw materials and energy for growth and tissue repair, absorbing and assimilating them.

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An action by an organism or part of an organism that changes position or place.

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they are 7 characters to define living thing
Movement
Respiration
Sensitivity
Growth
Reproduction
Excretion
Nutrition

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the study of living organisms, divided into many specialized fields that cover their morphology, physiology, anatomy, behavior, origin, and distribution.