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Students will have more independence in this model because they will have some freedom to determine the pace of their own learning

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The students acquire knowledge based on their own ability level

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The students will work on developing their skills. They will be able to select the task that they feel suit their current level

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I will be using task cards every week for the students. This will allow me to adapt the lessons depending on how previous lessons have gone.

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The teacher will take the role of a facilitator. I will be  guiding the students to learn themselves
I will also be able to spend more time with the students that need more help.

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Key Factors for the Implementation of the model

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Key Factors for the Implementation of the model

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Metzler, M. (2017). Instructional models in physical education. Routledge.

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The model was developed by Professor Fred Keller in the University of Sao Paulo. It is a model where the students are responsible for their own learning

""Personalized System for Instruction (PSI) allows students to progress through a sequence of tasks in a learning module at their own pace. Each module includes information on task presentation, task structure, error analyses, and performance criteria, and this is given through prepared materials such as written instructions or video samples. Teachers spend the time giving one-on-one instructions and feedback. The model is based on a unified plan, meaning that there are no daily lesson plans; instead, students pick up where they left off in the module."(Metzler 2017

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“Students enter classrooms with different abilities, learning styles, and personalities. Educators are mandated to see that all students meet the standards of our district and state. Through the use of differentiated instruction strategies, educators can meet the needs of all students and help them to meet and exceed the established standards”

(Levy, 2008)
There are a wide variety of ability in this class. There are some students that are very skilled while at the same time there are some students that struggle with the basic skills. The PSI model would allow the students the opportunity to work at their own level. The students can select skills that they feel are suitable for their own skill level.

Introducing the students to PSI would be appropriate at this stage because they would have learned some of the skills in previous models such as the Cooperative Learning Model. In the Cooperative Learning Model the students will have to be responsible for their own learning.

While I think that the model suits the class group, I thought that I needed to adapt the model to suit the particular class group. The first thing is that the students are working in pairs instead of by themselves.

I'll also use teacher demonstrations for the tasks. This is so that the students get a visual aid for learning and we do not have ICT devices available for the students.

For the first few weeks i will also gradually build up to giving the students more freedom. I will have tasks that are differentiated i.e there are different difficulties but I don't think that the students are ready to be given complete dependence from the teacher

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Fundamental Movement Skills Targeted during this scheme

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Fundamental Movement Skills Targeted during this scheme

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A wide range of FMS will be worked on throughout the scheme. All the running and jumping events will help to develop the students Locomotion Skills.

All of the events will help the students work on there balance. Some of the events require a great deal of balance and it will be a challenge for the students

For the events like shot put etc. there will be a focus on developing the students object control skills. When we are developing these skills some of the tasks used will work on the students catching skills also.

Most importantly, events such as javelin throwing will require a combination of locomotion, balance, coordination and object related skills in order to perform task correctly and effectively. This will further increase the opportunities to develop their FMS.

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The main assessment in this 6-week scheme of Athletics will be teacher observation. This is to ensure the students are participating and executing the fundamental skills. The students will use the teacher feedback to improve their own skills.

The teacher will also use lots of questioning through the lesson to assess the students. There will be some lower order questioning, but the teacher will use higher order questioning as an Assessment for Learning

The students will also be carrying out both self-assessment and peer assessment throughout the scheme. They will be helping each other learn and improve the skills. The mini Olympics at the end of the scheme will act as a Summative Assessment. The students will see if they have improved their skills during the Scheme

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Staying well – Being healthy, physically and active, being safe, confident and positive about learning

Working with others – developing good relationships and dealing with conflict, co-operating, respecting each other and learning with others

Being Creative – exploring options and alternatives and implementing ideas and acting on such ideas.

Managing information and thinking – gathering, recording, organising and evaluating data and information

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Learning Wall Posters

The required equipment for the six week block will consist of bibs, cones, bean bags, tennis balls, shot putts, javelins, foam javelins, hula hoops, batons, skipping ropes, mats,

Other personal equipment will be PSI student booklets, team boxes, Olympics points, attendance sheet, whistle, pens, stopwatch, measuring tape, video clips, laptop and projector.

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Key Skills of Junior Cycle

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I will also work on trying to improve the students Numeracy Skills throughout the 6 Week Scheme. Athletics provides plenty of opportunities to work on students numeracy skills

Recording times/distances

Recording Progress

Measuring the distance of throws etc.

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Throughout this scheme there will be huge emphasis on literacy skills and emphasis placed on improving these skills amongst the students. In every lesson the students will be working with a partner. They will have a worksheet that they will be using to help them to learn the specific skill that will be focused on during the lesson.

Pupils' literacy skills will be developed through the following activities:

Learning key words and phrases associated with Athletics.

Discussing different solutions to the challenges given in task cards.

Written tasks (Assessment worksheets, Team Name and Motto, Exit Cards, KWL Sheets).

The students will keep track of the Olympic Table.

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“Literacy and numeracy activity can become contextualised, meaningful and purposeful to the learner throughmany subjects and areas of learning.” (Implementation of the National Literacy and Numeracy Strategy). Literacy and Numeracy skills are now an essential part of all lessons and must be targeted to develop skills in order to participate “fully in the education system, to live satisfying and rewarding lives, and to participate as active and informed citizens in our society”. (Literacy and Numeracy for Learning and Life). The aim will be to seamlessly incorporate Literacy and Numeracy into each lesson without the pupils being aware they are focusing on these skills. This way pupils will be able to develop these skills and become an ‘informed citizen’ without realising that they are developing these lifelong skills.

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The six-week block will be taught through the PSI Model. The students will have task cards each week which the main form of teaching throughout the scheme will be. The teacher will take up the role of a facilitator for the majority of the lessons. This will allow the teacher to spend extra time with the students that need more help. It will also give students more responsibility for their own learning. Because they have had an experience of having more responsibility for their own learning in the cooperative learning model, they will know what is expected of them. I will still have to be careful and make sure that students that are in groups that will work well together.

The PSI model of teaching is widely respected as an effective, interactive and student-cantered teaching model. Each student has her own workbook that leads her through the course at a pace matching his/her own ability, making her less dependent on the teacher. The workbook series "runs" the course, not the instructor, so s/he can spend more time working with students who need extra attention (Carr, 2001)

The typical structure of any one of the first five lessons is summarized below:

· Attendance: Students sign their name on the sheet by the whiteboard

·  Introduction: Introduction by learning wall. We will do this in the sports hall and then complete the
class on the sports pitch. I will go through how the pitch will need to be sit up and assign certain students the responsibility of setting up the pitch.

We will then have to walk up to the pitch

· Warm Up: The students will complete the warm up task that is on the sheet. It will be an activity that will raise the heart rate before beginning the lesson

· Task: The students will complete the task without receiving any instruction from the teacher. They will record the result, and at the end of the class we will compare the result to the result at the end of the class

· Demonstration: Teacher demonstration of the focused skills followed by student demonstration

· Main body of lesson: Use task sheets to complete warm up and tasks of focused skills.

·  Assessment: Self-assessment, peer assessment or teacher assessment will be carried out during the main body of the lesson after completing each task

· Reflect: Students rate their effort for the lesson and tick the correct box in the on the sheet

·  Conclusion: Tidy up the equipment and walk down to the sports hall.

As these students are 1st Year Students, I will be only using elements of PSI and not implementing a full-blown PSI Model. If I had these students for 3 years, I would introduce different elements of the model year by year until they are ready to complete a full module using all the elements of PSI in Senior Cycle.

I will use demonstrations at the start of every class. I will use either teacher demonstrations or use ICT to show the skill at the beginning of each lesson. I will use external cues as the key teaching points

The students will mainly be working in pairs through out the scheme. This will be similar to the Cooperative Learning in Gymnastics. I will incorporate peer assessment through the scheme which will allow the students to give feedback to their partner. This is something that they had to do in the Gymnastics Scheme. At first, they were not giving very effective feedback, but over the course of the scheme the feedback they were giving improved a lot. Giving feedback, is a skill that needs to be developed, and it’s not something that the students will be effective at straight away.

At the end of each lesson the students will reflect on both their learning and participation during the class. Reflecting, is a skill that is important to develop for the students because it’s a key element of the New Junior Cycle.

At the start of each class the students will complete the task without receiving any instruction. They will record the result. At the end of the class they will then complete the task again and compare results. At the end of the 6 weeks the students will participate in a Mini-Olympics. They will be completing events but prizes will be given out based on improvements rather than the students that finish 1st

“The skills associated with these activities can, at junior cycle, begin to be applied to modified forms of standard events. The element of competition inherent in athletics is presented here with reference to the abilities of the individual student. Hence the students’ experience of competitive situations is in the context of personal goals rather than relating performance to that of others (JCPE syllabus, pg 23).

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Athletics is a very popular sport in Ireland and worldwide. The broad range of events particularly in the Track and Field events, provides students with the opportunity to experience a diverse range of fun, challenging activities while developing their social and communication skills encouraging students to be active. A positive aspect of athletics is that it provides students with multiple events and tasks which use a range of body movements such as sprinting, shot- putt and discus. This means that students have an opportunity to experience lots of different events and hopefully find an event that they will enjoy

I think that giving the students an opportunity to experience sports that they would not have had experiences in before is important. It allows the students that don’t have an interest in the popular sports such as Gaelic Football, Hurling, Soccer and Rugby to find a sport that they enjoy. It also provides a new challenge to the students that play the ‘popular’ sports.

The students will also develop skills in athletics that will help them in the sports that they play. Such as learning to sprint would be a benefit to athletes in any sport

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 Pupils Level of Knowledge, Skills and Attitudes:

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 Pupils Level of Knowledge, Skills and Attitudes:

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Prior Knowledge: Pupils will have completed 4 schemes of work already. One of the students in the class competes in cross country running and everybody in the class completed the Christmas cross country. Most of the students have had experience of some form of athletics from sports day in Primary School. A number of students would have watched athletics on the TV

Prior Skills:  Most of the students are actively involved in sport outside of school and have a good grasp of the Fundamental Movement Skills, there are some students that struggle with some of the basic skills. I think athletics will be a great opportunity to work on some of the Fundamental Movement Skills.

The students will also have completed a Gymnastics scheme of work which used a lot of elements of cooperative learning. The students developed skills that will help them in the PSI Model

Prior Attitudes:  Students always have great attitudes towards PE. They participate well and enjoy PE Class. There are some students that benefited greatly from the Cooperative Learning Gymnastics Model that the students have completed