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Essential Question: How has Latin Music influenced American Pop Music

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Essential Question: How has Latin Music influenced American Pop Music

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Shakira - La La La (Brazil 2014) ft. Carlinhos Brown

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Latinos have helped foster American music throughout the history of the United Staes. The history of Latino music is a long and complicated one, intertwined with so many different places and groups of people. Latino musicians combined their traditional styles, like the flamenco, with American styles to make Latin American Music popular or to create entirely new genres of music.  These new genres include the salsa, conga, and Latin hip-hop to name a few. Though there have been periods that the popularity of Latin music increases, there has been and always be that Latin influence on American pop culture.  Even today we can see the successes of Latin Musicians on our lists of popular radio hits, such as Enrique Iglesias and Shakira. Music has always been a clear representation of who we are as American People, and it would never be complete without the influence of Latino musicians.

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Carlos    Santana       --      Black    Magic    Woman  [[  Official   Live   Video  ]]   HQ

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Bacilos

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Joan Baez

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Carlos Santana

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Eva Ybarra

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San Antonio rests just northwest of the Rio Grande and is a culture pulled in two directions. It is the homeland for the Tejanos and a major metropolis for southwest America. The music there combines traditional Mexican styles with the country, rock and pop of American radio. The Mexican American population in the west city of the city created two new genres of Latino music: the conjunto and Tejano styles. They became the music of immigrant workers of the south west. By the 1960s the conjunto featured a standard instrumentation of three-row button accordion, double bass, drum set, and bajo sexto (a distinctive type of twelve-string guitar).  Famous Latino artists like Little Joe y La Familia, Mando & the Chili Peppers, The Royal Jesters, Eva Ybarra “Queen of the Accordion”, and Flaco Jiménez (conjunto) all came out of San Antonio's music scene.

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Most unique music genre out of San Francisco is the corrido, a Mexican narrative song.  The Bay Area developed its own mambo scene in the mid-20th century and influenced the Latin jazz with its Caribbean-based style (like Cal Tjader).  San Francisco was a hub of protest music during Cesar Chavez’s Farm worker’s Movement in the 60s.  San Francisco is most known as the mecca of Latin Rock. It is the home of Carlos Santana who first made his mark on the American scene at eh Woodstock music festival in 1969.  His blend of African American blues and Latin American rhythm was born out of San Francisco.  Other famous musicians out of San Francisco are: Los Tigres del Norte (Conjunto/ Corrido), Michael Carabello (Latin Jazz/Rock), and Joan Baez (Protest and Political).

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"Enrique Iglesias." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 2016. Web. 15 Oct. 2016.

"Enrique Iglesias." - Biography. Billboard, 2016. Web. 16 Oct. 2016.

"Flamenco History in Andalucia." Flamenco History in Andalucia ;a, Music, Art and Culture of Southern Spain. N.p., 2016. Web. 19 Oct. 2016.

"Latin American Music in the United States." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 2016. Web. 23 Oct. 2016.

"Spanish Dance and Music: Overview." Spanish Dance and Music: Overview. Spanish Arts, 2011. Web. 21 Oct. 2016.

"Spanish Music History." Spanish Culture. Enforex, 2015. Web. 25 Oct. 2016.

"The Story: How Latinos Influenced Popular Music in the U.S." American Sabor Home Page. American Sabor, n.d. Web. 26 Oct. 2016.

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Lysa Flores

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Desi Arnaz

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The Latino Music Scene was created and developed all over the United States but here are some of the major cities and the role they played: 

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The Latino Music Scene was created and developed all over the United States but here are some of the major cities and the role they played: 

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Los Angeles is a center of mainstream American Music making it a place for many Latino styles to get noticed. The Latino neighborhoods are congregated to the east with the African Americans to the south, making them separated from the richer areas to the west. Many musicians drew inspiration from the rhythm of their African American neighbors, creating Latin Jazz and pachuco boogie around mid-20th century.  Latin rock also incorporated traditional Mexican styles into their music. Later, a Latino version of East L.A. punk arose and gained popularity. Musicians out of Los Angeles are less well-known but have made major impacts on the music scene, such as Akwid(Banda Rap), Los Illegals (East L.A. Punk), Lysa Flores (Chicano Rock).

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Miami has always had a massive Latino population, majority from the Caribbean cultures.  Miami played a major role in four music genres: conga, salsa, Latin jazz, and Latin rock. Conga is a Cuban important that gained fame with the help of Gloria Estefan and her band Miami Sound Machine.  Salsa, though invented in NYC, was developed in the Cuban neighborhoods of Miami.   Well-known musicians out of Miami include Bacilos (Latin Rock), Gloria Estefan, and Israel “Cachao” Lopez (Latin Jazz/Mambo). Miami has always been the welcome mat to the Caribbean making it an important place for Latin American Music.

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New York City is the center of immigration into America making it home to a large Latino population. That is why is has been the place of creation of many diverse Latino music scenes. The population of many Cuban and Puerto Rican musicians fused the traditional rhythms such as flamenco with popular American styles. These gave rise to many genres including rumba, mambo, salsa, merengue and Latin Jazz.  All of these were popularized in New York City. Latin jazz styles are all based on the first combination of cultures in New York City.  Recently, the city’s Latino residents have helped form new genres such as hip-hop and reggaetown. Some of the famous Latino musicians out of New York City include Arsenio Rodriguez (mambo), Calle 13 (hip-hop), Celia Cruz (salsa), Charlie Chase (hip-hop), and of course Desi Arnaz (Congo) just to name a few.

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The Latin Invasion continued in the 21st century will the growing fame of many more Spanish-speaking musicians. These celebrities include but are not limited to Shakira, Pitbull, Jennifer Lopez and Christina Aguilera.

Shakira is one of the greatest crossover. She is known by many honorific names such as "The Queen Of Latin Pop" and "The Undisputed Queen Of Dance". Shakira released her first English language album, Laundry Service, in 2001 and though her English was greatly criticized, the album was still a big hit selling 12 million copies worldwide and her most successful album of her career.  Shakira’s second English album “Oral Fixation Vol II”  was released in 2005, and sold over 1.8 million records in the U.S., earning a Platinum certification and the number five spot on the Billboard list.  This album included her greatest hit “Hips Don’t Lie”.  Shakira has won many awards over the years, such as 8 American Music Awards and 12 Grammy and Latin Grammys.  She is known all over the years which is evident in her involvement in three songs for the World Cup. Everyone in America knows the amazing music and dance of Shakira which shows how much she as influenced the world around her.

Another important Latin Artists during this time is Jennifer Lopez.  Lopez released her first full Spanish-language album, Como Ama una Mujer, in March 2007. The album reached number ten on the Billboard 200, and stayed number one on the U.S. Top Latin Albums for four weeks, and on the U.S. Latin Pop Albums for seven weeks. In September 2007, Lopez and husband Marc Anthony would "co-headline" a worldwide tour called "Juntos en Concierto" starting in New Jersey and ending in November. The tour was a mix of her current music, older tunes and Spanish music. The lead single, "Qué Hiciste," was officially released to radio stations in January 2007. Since then, it has peaked at 86 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 and number one on the Hot Latin Songs and the Hot Dance Club Play. It also went top ten on the European chart. Jennifer Lopez  Lopez’s music and tour influenced other artists to focus on their Latin American heritage and bring it into the spotlight of the pop culture. It has so much to offer and Lopez helped make it popular.

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Enrique Iglesias - DUELE EL CORAZON ft. Wisin

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Ricky Martin - Livin' La Vida Loca (Official Video)

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Gloria Estefan - Rhythm Is Gonna Get You (Official Video)

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Manolo Caracol - Martinetes (Flamenco Masters)

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Intérprete: Manolo Caracol Autor: Traditional Cantaores y Cantaroras, Guitarristas, Bailaores y Bailaoras está presentes en este proyecto dedicado a los amantes de un estilo que siempre debe estar en lo más alto: EL FLAMENCO Manuel Ortega Juárez, más conocido como Manolo Caracol; Sevilla, 1909 - Madrid, 1973) Cantaor español.

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Though they are not the sole inventors of the dance, gypsies played a major role in the    creation of the Flamenco.  When the gypsies arrived in Andalucia from India around 1425, they brought with them many styles that have strong Indian ties. The gypsies were persecuted by the Catholic monarchs and were force to live in mountains. These treacherous areas were home to the gypsies, moors and Jews who al played a role in the creation of flamenco. When the opinion of gypsies began to change, the gypsies began to travel around to towns introducing the Spanish people to the Flamenco.

Flamenco clubs called Café Cantantes began to open in most of the main cities, and the most famous was the café Silverio’s in Seville.  This period of the cafes, from 1850- 1910, is known as the Golden Age even though the form cante jondo began to decline. Gypsies, who believe that song must be spontaneous and from the sprit, refused to perform in these environments.  By the 1920s, flamenco had already changed so much that very few of these cantante cafés survived. In 1922, the Spanish poet Federico Garcia Lorca, the composer Manuel de Falla, and a few others, decided to hold a competition to bring back cante jondo. There were two winners of the competition, El Tenazas from Puente Genil, Cordoba, and a twelve-year-old phenomenon by the name of Manuel Ortega, who would go on to be one of the greaterst flamenco singers in history.  The competition did not save cante jondo and the flamenco continued to lose recognition in the next 20 years as the World Wars destroyed the country.

By 1959, the concurso in Cordoba was became more famous, and in this year produced another two of flamencos most renowned singers, Juan Talega, and the undisputed queen of the soleá, La Fernanda de Utrera. During this time, flamenco was becoming an important part in Spanish culture once again. These competitions were one of the reasons that flamenco began to influence pop culture more. Instead of just being a tradition of the past, it is an significant part of every aspect of the Spanish culture.  Much of its rhythm can be found in much of the music of the Latin Invasion of the 1980s and 90s.

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When one thinks of traditional Spanish music, they picture the Flamenco dancer in her traditional, frilly dress.  Flamenco is the most well-known Spanish music though there are many other kinds. Popular music is still influenced by Flamenco rhythms and history.

What is the Flamenco?
Much of what is known about the long history of flamenco music has come from stories. Flamenco is made up of four parts, Cante-Voice, Baile-Dance, Toque-Guitar, and the Jaleo involves the handclapping, foot stomping, and shouting.  The Jaleo is performed by the audience as well as the artist to add to the rhythm and experience of the music.  The palmeros and the zapateado (tap dance style of footwork) show of the skill of the dancer as well as create the beat that you will keep tapping after the song is over.  Another important part of flamenco is duende. Duende is unable to truly be explained, but it is roughly the feeling of the dark tones of flamenco music that takes over a musicians or anyone’s spirit that is open to it.

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Ricky Martin

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Jennifer Lopez

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Cross-Overs of the 1990s                                                           

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Cross-Overs of the 1990s                                                           

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The influence of Latin Music began to pick up in the 1990s as more artists began to reach the top of the American Pop charts.  Some of these include Ricky Martin, Marc Anthony, Enrique Iglesias, and Jennifer Lopez. Ricky Martin gained success with "La Copa de la Vida", which Martin began a major hit when he sang the anthem of the 1998 FIFA World Cup. "La Copa de la Vida" reached number one on the charts in 60 countries and the English version went No. 45 on the Hot 100 charts in America.  Martin then went on to perform his big hit at the Grammys where his performance received a standing ovation. He then went on the produce his first English album in 1999. He greatest single on the album is the famous “Living La Vida Loca” which reached Number 1 in many countries including the United States.  Ricky Martin’s success has continued to grow over the years.  The Puerto Rican artist has released ten studio albums, eight compilation albums, two live albums, one soundtrack album and four box sets. He released his latest album called “A Quien Quiera Escuchar” in 2015 and has been a guest judge on both The Voice Australia and on Dancing with the Stars. These examples barely begin to scratch the surface of Ricky Martin’s worldwide fame and influence on pop-culture.

Enrique Iglesias, widely known as the King of Latin Pop”, also got his start in the 90s. His first album, which was released in 1995, sold more than a million copies in three months. It earned him his first gold record in Portugal in a mere seven days and has sold more than six million worldwide to today.  In 1996, he won the Grammy for Best Latin Performer and Billboard Artist of the Year.  He went on a tour and sang backup for Elton John, Bruce Springsteen and Billy Joel, and played to sold-out audiences in sixteen countries. In 2001, Iglesias released his second English language album Escape which is his biggest commercial success to date. Over the next couple of years, he alternated between releasing Spanish and English albums, each reaching the tops of the charts in many countries including the United States. Enrique Iglesias has released ten studio albums and gone on many tours. He has won more than 200 awards from various ceremony including 23 Billboard Music Awards, 36 Billboard Latin Music Awards,  7 American Music Awards, 1 Grammy, and 5 Latin Grammy.  He is the most well-known Latin American artist to break into pop culture and while continuing to leave his mark on the future of music.

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Enrique Iglesias

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Gloria Estefan

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Latin Cross-Overs of the 1980s

Latin American music began to cross over more in the 1980s.  The most famous Latin American musician during this time was Gloria Estefan. She, originally from Cuba, created one of the early bridges to American pop culture which began in 1984. There album Primitive Love was released in 1985 and resulted in three Top 10 hits on the Billboard Hot 100. These hits were: #10 "Conga", #5 "Words Get in the Way", and #8 "Bad Boy". After an accident, Estefan bounced back to win a Grammy for Best Tropical Latin Album in 1993. Estefan embraced her Latin heritage even more with her release of two fully Spanish-language albums. These include: Alma Carribena in 2000 and 90 Millas in 2007.  Gloria Estefan is a well-known name for being the top leading Latin artist for a period time and one of the first to make a large impact of American culture.