# data[].attributes.headline
 leanardo da vinci had created designs about the moving winged arircraft known as an ornithopter in 1480CE.

# data[].attributes.subject
 leanardo da vinci had created designs about the moving winged arircraft known as an ornithopter in 1480CE.

# data[].attributes.body
During the years in 1799 sir George Cayley had discovered many principles of flight with many experiments conducted.

In 1891-1896 the german aviator Otto Lilienthal had designed and had over 2500 flights resulting in many monoplane and biplane designs.

The world of aviation had started in 1903 as the wright brothers had achieved a graceful and controlled flight of 37.5m in 12 seconds.

In 1927, Charles Lindbergh made the first successful flight across the Atlantic ocean in his aircraft called the Spirit of St. Louis.

In 1937, Frank Whittle designed the first functional jet engine. As world war 2 ended, aviation had revolutionised and boomed throughout the 1950s and so fourth.

The use of composite materials in the plane structure in the plane structure is vital to fuel efficiency and reduces greenhouse emissions. (2006)

Now aviation is at its finest and its peak, at its most advanced developments. Aviation is using materials such as carbon fibre and solar panels.

# data[].attributes.body
Most of the energy that we rely on to power our cars, heat and cool our homes and run electronic devices is produced from non-renewable sources such as coal, natural gas and oil.

Non- renewable energy sources are limited in supply and burning them adds greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases increase the risk of global warming which may cause climate change.

In Australia, climate change is likely to:
-cause more frequent and intense droughts, storms and floods

-assist the spread of diseases, especially mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue fever and Ross River virus

-alter the populations of different species of plants and animals, especially those that live above the snowline in the southern states.

We can reduce energy consumption in many ways, such as by switching off lights, computers and televisions when they are not in use. Walking, cycling or using public transport instead of relying on the family car, or even replacing highly inefficient incandescent globes with more efficient compact fluorescent globes.

# data[].attributes.body
Innovative design ensures that energy efficient devices for the future are useful because of the rapid development in technology and the greater demand that consumers have for energy efficiency.

# data[].attributes.body
The need to save energy is greater then before, with new inventions popping up everywhere that requires greater and greater amounts of energy. This is why people are making 'Innovative Designs', these designs use energy well and efficiently meaning we do not need to use up so many resources.

# data[].attributes.body
Q 9. Explain how regenerative braking makes a car more energy efficient.
A. The Regenerative Braking system of a hybrid car captures some of the vehicle's kinetic energy as the car slows down. Stored in a battery, then energy is then used to power the car's electric motor when needed.

# data[].attributes.headline
Question 10: It is important for developers to improve the efficiency of organic photovoltaics to ensure their use in the future. Explain why?

# data[].attributes.subject
Question 10: It is important for developers to improve the efficiency of organic photovoltaics to ensure their use in the future. Explain why?

# data[].attributes.body
Answer: it is important for developers of organic photovoltaics  to improve the efficiency of the solar cells to ensure that they are relevant in the future. If the efficiency is not good enough for the future people will just use a different method rather than an old inefficient design

# data[].attributes.body
Q: Explain how a dry washing machine could save energy compare to a regular washing machine.
A: A dry washing machine uses thousands of dirt absorbing nylon beads and uses 90% less water. This gets the job done quicker and makes it so that you do not need to use a dryer as the water use is lower

# data[].attributes.headline
Question 4: State the aviation record that the Wright brothers achieved in 1903 

# data[].attributes.subject
Question 4: State the aviation record that the Wright brothers achieved in 1903 

# data[].attributes.body
The wright brother's aviation record  was the first powered, heavier than air controlled flight

# data[].attributes.headline
Question 13: Analyse why the bodies of aircraft needed to become enclosed in order to improve their efficiency in the air 

# data[].attributes.subject
Question 13: Analyse why the bodies of aircraft needed to become enclosed in order to improve their efficiency in the air 

# data[].attributes.body
Because they needed to reduce the drag that happens when they were in the air. It also creates pressurised cabin that means that the airplane can go up to higher altitudes and higher up the denser air and would make it more efficient.

# data[].attributes.body
Living in an energy efficient house makes it easier for households to reduce energy consumption

# data[].attributes.body
Heat flows from areas of higher temperatures to areas of lower temperatures. This means that in winter, heat from heaters will leak through cracks in the walls to a cooler room and in summer, heat from the air outside will fill cooler rooms inside. Adding insulation to ceilings and between the walls of a home reduces the heat flowing outside in winter and inside in summer.

# data[].attributes.body
Improvements (energy wise) on a house can be made by:
⚫Considering the orientation of the windows.
⚫Considering the orientation of house on block of land.
⚫Tinting windows.
⚫Include coverings.
⚫Also, put insulation to minimise energy and heat loss.

# data[].attributes.headline
Question 15: Predict what a car would be like if it was 100% efficient.

# data[].attributes.subject
Question 15: Predict what a car would be like if it was 100% efficient.

# data[].attributes.body
The car would never waste energy and all input would be used for needed output and nothing else. The car would also be silent and never produce heat.

# data[].attributes.body
Question 1:
list four ways you can save energy

There are many ways in which someone can save energy. Here are some of the endless ways to save energy: whenever possible, walk, bike, car pool, or use mass transit, make sure your dishwasher is full when you run it and use the energy saving setting, if available, to allow the dishes to air dry, be careful not to overheat or overcool rooms and plant shade trees and paint your house a light colour if you live in a warm climate, or a dark colour if you live in a cold climate.

Question 5:
Explain why incandescent light globes have now almost completely been replaced by compact fluorescent light globes?

Incandescent light globes have almost completely been replaced by compact fluorescent light globes because fluorescent globes cost about $2 less than incandescent globes when you buy it and over a year the incandescent globe costs $12.30 while the fluorescent globes only cost $2.30 a year. The fluorescent globes are more eco friendly as they only produce 730 balloons of greenhouse gas, the incandescent produces 3600 balloons of green house gas. And the fluorescent run for longer, about 8000 hours while the incandescent only works for 1000 - 2000 hours.

Question 12:
You touch a cool glass of soft drink on a warm day. Identify whether heat flows from your hand into the glass or from the glass into your hand.

The heat will flow from your hand to the glass. This is because your hand is warmer, not only because of body heat, but because it is a warm day. The warmer object will always contain more heat energy therefor, transferring the heat energy to the cold glass.

# data[].attributes.body
- if you get more efficient appliances, you save energy & money.
- most electrical appliances have a large yellow & red energy rating label. The energy efficiency is shown by the number of stars (there are 6 stars) the higher the number of starts the more efficient the appliance is.
- You can compare efficiency of appliances by comparing the energy rating.
- the higher the number, the more energy is needed and the more the appliance will cost to run.

# data[].attributes.body
If a house has has a zero star rating, it means that the house is poorly designed and does not protect occupants from nest and cold during summer and winter.

# data[].attributes.body
A energy efficient house is a house that allows the least amount of energy to go to waste. In fact an energy efficient house conserves alot  of energy

# data[].attributes.headline
Question 2. What types of appliances must carry an energy rating label in Australia?

# data[].attributes.subject
Question 2. What types of appliances must carry an energy rating label in Australia?

# data[].attributes.body
Air conditioners, dryers, washing machines, dishwashers, televisions, refrigerators, freezers and computer monitors.

# data[].attributes.headline
Question 6. Explain the what the star rating in figure 5.3.1 on page 191 tells a consumer about the energy efficiency of this appliance. 

# data[].attributes.subject
Question 6. Explain the what the star rating in figure 5.3.1 on page 191 tells a consumer about the energy efficiency of this appliance. 

# data[].attributes.body
Appliances are tested under Australian standards to produce an energy rating label. Greater energy efficiency is indicated by more stars (or half stars) out of a possible six stars.

# data[].attributes.body
QUESTION 3:

Recall the direction of heat flow by selecting the correct words to complete the following statement:
QUESTION 3 ANSWER:

Heat flows from regions of lower/higher temperature to regions of lower/higher temperature.

QUESTION 7

Describe three ways in which the house shown in Figure 5.3.4 on page 193 reduces household energy consumption:

QUESTION 7 ANSWER:

-Compact fluorescent light globes.

-A light-coloured roof.

-A rain water tank.

QUESTION 8:

Explain how adding insulation to a house and sealing up gaps can reduce the energy costs of heating and cooling the house.
QUESTION 8 ANSWER:

There heat of the house cant go through the walls and roof easily. Sealing up cracks also helps so heat cannot travel in and out quickly.

# data[].attributes.headline
Question 14. The energy rating label system was revised for use in Australia in the year 2000. At that time, the most energy efficient appliances only had a rating of 3 or 4 out of a possible six stars. Propose why the designers of this system set it up in this way. 

# data[].attributes.subject
Question 14. The energy rating label system was revised for use in Australia in the year 2000. At that time, the most energy efficient appliances only had a rating of 3 or 4 out of a possible six stars. Propose why the designers of this system set it up in this way. 

# data[].attributes.body
The primitive technology of the time did not allow for appliances that are as energy efficient as today. So, the designers anticipated more advanced technology in the future, along with it more energy efficient appliances, so they left room for improvement and higher rated appliances.

# data[].attributes.body
Instead of driving, go for a walk, run or jog to reduce energy consumption.

# data[].attributes.body
In your house

# data[].attributes.body
Light bulb energy saving