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is the process in the sequence composition of cellular molecules such as DNA, RNA, and proteins across generations. The field ofmolecular evolution uses principles of evolutionarybiology and population genetics to explain patterns in these changes.

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is a largely discredited biological hypothesis that the development of the baby of an animal, from start to finish, goes through stages resembling stages in the evolution of the animal.

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A structure in humans corresponding to a structure or organ in early animals.

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When very different animals have bones that appear very similar in form or function and seem to be related.

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variation of different geno-types in a small population, making genes and traits disappear as individuals die.

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During the 5 major extinction events most life on earth was destroyed but many different species survived which is why we have such a great genetic diversity in our world today.

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The Cretaceous-Tertiary mass extinction - is known for the death of the dinosaurs. but many other organisms died at the end of the Cretaceous including many plants and the last of the pterosaurs.

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During the final 18 million years of the Triassic period, there were two or three phases of extinction. Climate change, flood,  basalt eruptions and an asteroid impact have all been blamed for this loss of life.

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The Permian mass extinction has been nicknamed The Great Dying, since 96% of all life on earth died out.

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Three quarters of all species on Earth died out in the Late Devonian mass extinction, though it could have been a series of extinctions over several million years, rather than a single big event. Life in the shallow seas were the worst affected, and reefs were almost completely wiped out, not returning to their former glory until new types of coral came in over 100 million years later.

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The third largest extinction in Earth's history, the Ordovician-Silurian mass extinction had two main dying times. During the Ordovician, most life was in the sea, so it was sea creatures like trilobites, and brachiopods that were reduced in number.

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when a species picks out specific traits that they like about the other sex and breeds out the traits they dislike.

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Factors such as environment and predators can have different effects on the ways a species evolves.

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is the exchange of genes between two separate areas. This occurs when animals, or spores from plants migrate. this occurs anytime a gene is introduced into a new population where that gene did not exist.

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the changing of a gene, resulting in a different form that may be transferred to future generations, caused by the alteration of a single DNA

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V- variation
I- inheritance
S- selection
T- time

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the process where organisms change to their environment to survive longer and reproduce. This theory was made by Charles Darwin and is believed to be the main process that brings evolution.