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"Freedom of Speech." Supreme Court Drama: Cases That Changed America, edited by A Walton Litz, et al., vol. 1: Freedom of Assembly & Association/Freedom of the Press/Freedom of Religion/Freedom of Speech/Right to Privacy, UXL, 2001, pp. 157-163. Gale Virtual Reference Library, Accessed 5 Jan. 2017.

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I chose this article because it helps understand Freedom of Speech more, and tells about the history of Freedom of Speech. It tells how the roots of it and how we started using it. Without Freedom of Speech we wouldn't be able to talk to we do, good or bad.

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The First Amendment says "Congress shall make no law . . . abridging the freedom of speech." Along with the First Amendment freedoms of religion, assembly, and the press, the freedom of speech is part of the larger freedom of expression. It is the right to think, believe, and learn what we want, share our thoughts with others, and listen to what others have to say.

Throughout history governments have restricted the freedom of speech. They feared that the free flow of ideas would threaten their power and lead to social disorder. In 1621 free speech restrictions in England by King James I led Parliament to issue a declaration of freedoms. During the French Revolution in 1789, the French Declaration of the Rights of Man included the freedom of expression. When Americans drafted a Bill of Rights for the new U.S. Constitution in 1789, this history influenced them to include the freedom of speech in the First Amendment. (Adopted in 1791, the Bill of Rights contains the first ten constitutional amendments.)

The Bill of Rights applies only to the federal government, so state governments did not have to recognize freedom of speech for a long time.

Then in 1868, after the American Civil War (1861–65) ended, the United States adopted the Fourteenth Amendment. Part of it says states may not "deprive any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law." In Gitlow v. New York (1925), the U.S. Supreme Court decided that free speech is a "liberty" that is protected by the Fourteenth Amendment. Because of this, state governments today must allow freedom of speech.

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Amendment 1 (Freedom of Speech) Research

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Amendment 1 (Freedom of Speech) Research

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Has been restricted by governments throughout history.

British and French implemented freedom of expression or speech.

Freedom of speech applies to federal government and state government.

When US drafted Bill of Rights, freedom of speech was a main topic.

After the Civil War, the 14th amendment was adopted, which said that freedom of speech cannot be taken.

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Someone on trial cannot be forced to answer for a crime, unless they have already been indicted, unless it has something do to with land or naval forces, or the army during war or danger. Anyone tried for the same offense more than once cannot be put in jeopardy of their life, or body. Also they cannot be forced to be a witness in their own trial. They cannot be stripped of their life, liberty, and property, without a law or trial taking it away. Finally, private property cannot be taken for public use, without their permission

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People's family, house, papers are secured in case of a unreasonable search or seizure of an item or person. However, a house can be searched with a warrants, if something or someone must be searched.

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Any person shall be allowed to carry a gun, even if they are not in an army, it cannot be taken away.

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Congress cannot stop someone for being a certain religion, or not allow them to have freedom to be a certain religion, it cannot change freedom of speech, or freedom of the press, or the freedom to assembly, and holding a petition.

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No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb, nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.

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The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.

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A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.

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Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.