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As a prewriting strategy:
Find a dynamic aspect of nature that you can trace as you do your writing. For example, you can trace the phases of the moon, weather, color of the sky, birds out your window. As you sit down to do work, spend some time writing and accounting for this change. Focus on the natural elements and how they change. Use the thoughts to start your writing. With your piece of prose, turn in a reflection on how this focus affected or changed your writing.

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BirdCast - Bird migration forecasts in real-time

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When, where, and how far will birds migrate? How many birds passed last night? Our tools help you explore the answers to these and many other questions about bird migration.

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As a prewriting strategy:
Create a playlist of songs that you feel you'll use during your writing and put it in a google doc. Use this playlist as our write. As you add or subtract songs, change your list while your track changes. With your final essay, submit the list with the changes as well as a reflection on the changes you made with your final piece of prose. What changed? Why?

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As a prewriting strategy:
Take some time at the start of every day (class period?) to assess your feelings and journal-- about the writing or otherwise. Date your entries. With your essay, turn in a reflection about what you wrote and its relationship to your final piece of prose.

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Intrapersonal intelligence is one example of developmental psychologist Howard Gardner's nine multiple intelligences. It explores how skillful people are at understanding themselves. Individuals who excel in this intelligence typically are introspective and can use this knowledge to solve personal problems. Psychologists, writers, philosophers, and poets are among those that Gardner views as having high intrapersonal intelligence.

Howard Gardner's Inspiration

Howard Gardner is a professor of cognition and education at the Harvard Graduate School of Education. He uses the late English writer Virginia Woolf as an example of a person with a high level of intrapersonal intelligence. He has noted how in her essay, "A Sketch of the Past," Woolf discusses the "cotton wool of existence," or the various mundane events of life. She contrasts this cotton wool with three specific poignant childhood memories.

The key point is not simply that Woolf is talking about her childhood; it's that she is able to look inward, examine her innermost feelings, and articulate them. Many people struggle to identify their deepest feelings, let alone discuss them in a way that others can understand.

Intrapersonal Intelligence Dates Back to Antiquity

The Greek philosopher Aristotle, born 384 BC, was an example. He is widely credited as the first scholar to study logic. Along with Plato and Socrates, Aristotle was one of the founders of Western philosophy. His dedication to the study of reason required him to examine his own internal motivations, giving him great intrapersonal intelligence.

Aristotle's work would go on to make an impact on the 19th-century German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche. He was an existentialist who exemplified Gardner's theory on existential intelligence. However, Nietzche also wrote about the forms of spiritual metamorphoses necessary to lead a meaningful life. His work would influence the novelist Franz Kafka, who wrote "The Metamorphosis." This 1915 story is about traveling salesman Gregor Samsa, who awakens to find himself transformed into an insect. But the story is really about Samsa's deep, internal introspection.

Another 19th-century thinker gifted with self-awareness is Walt Whitman, poet and author of "Leaves of Grass." Whitman and other writers, including Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Henry David Thoreau, were transcendentalists. Transcendentalism was a social and philosophical movement that surfaced during the 1800s. It emphasized the importance of the individual and was influenced by Plato.

Intrapersonal Intelligence: The 1900s

Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle are celebrated as some of the greatest minds ever. But during the 20th century, that honor went to theoretical physicist Albert Einstein. One of history's greatest scientists, Einstein liked to spend time thinking during long walks. On these strolls, he thought deeply and formulated his mathematical theories about the cosmos and the way the universe works. His deep thinking sharpened his intrapersonal intelligence.

Like Einstein, people with high intrapersonal intelligence are self-motivated, introverted, spend lots of time alone, and work independently. They also tend to enjoy writing in journals, which Anne Frank did during tragic circumstances. Before her 1945 death at age 15 during the Holocaust, she spent much of World War II hidden in an attic with her family. While in hiding, Anne wrote a diary detailing her hopes, desires, and fears in such a moving way that the journal remains one of the world's most widely known books.

How to Enhance Intrapersonal Intelligence

While some people seem to have an innate knack for intrapersonal intelligence, this skill can also be taught. Teachers can help students enhance and strengthen their intrapersonal intelligence by having them journal regularly and write reflections on the topics covered in class. They can also assign students independent projects and incorporate graphics like mind maps to help them organize their thoughts. Finally, just having students imagine themselves as an individual from a different time period can help them focus inward.

Teachers and caretakers should take advantage of any opportunity available to inspire students to reflect on their feelings, what they've learned, or how they might act in different contexts. All of these practices will help them to increase their intrapersonal intelligence.

Kafka, Franz. "The Metamorphosis." Paperback, CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, November 6, 2018.

Whitman, Walt. "Leaves of Grass: The Original 1855 Edition." Dover Thrift Editions, Paperback, 1 edition, Dover Publications, February 27, 2007.

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Intrapersonal intelligence is one example of developmental psychologist Howard Gardner's nine multiple intelligences. It explores how skillful people are at understanding themselves. Individuals who excel in this intelligence typically are introspective and can use this knowledge to solve personal problems. Psychologists, writers, philosophers, and poets are among those that Gardner views as having high intrapersonal intelligence.

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As a prewriting strategy:
Do a walking meditation as a transition between any of your two writing stages following the instructions in the link provided. Provide an account of the walk as it relates to your writing project-- it can be in a photo essay, vlog, or short written piece. Submit it with your final essay.

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As a prewriting strategy:
Put your essay into a text-to-voice program, below. Read your essay along with the program that reads it out-loud, making corrections as you go. Turn on track-changes and submit the tracked changes as a document along with your essay.

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Free Text to Speech Online with Realistic AI Voices

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Convert text into ultra-realistic audio. Have any text read aloud with AI Voices. AI text reader for pdfs, books, documents, and webpages.

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As a prewriting strategy:
Use a mindmap to organize your thinking around the theme. Make sure to connect the ideas and label those connections. Turn in the map with your final piece of prose.

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Benefits of Bubbl.us mind maps over text:

Superior clarity of structured information

Whether it's a family tree, a decision flow map, or an algorithm, mind maps have a huge advantage in presenting complexity clearly and concisely.

Better retention of complex ideas.

Visualizing complex ideas in shapes, lines, and pictures leads to much better recollection later than simple text.

Creative collaboration with others.

Visual brainstorming with a team can dramatically improve the quality of the final product because of diversity of perspectives and experiences.

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Bubbl.us - Create Mind Maps | Collaborate and Present Ideas

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Mind map and brainstorm online with Bubbl.us! Create colorful mind maps to print or share with others. Millions of people are using Bubbl.us worldwide to generate ideas, map out processes and create presentations.

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As a prewriting strategy:
Look at a completed draft of yours and do a reverse outline. Read each of your paragraphs and draw them out as an outline in Claim-Warrant structure. Asses your logical thinking when completed, answering the following question in a focused free write: do you follow a logical progression? How do you know? Date your assignment and turn in with your final draft.

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As a prewriting strategy:
Do a series of process writes as you end your day of writing or researching. Answer at least the following questions: What have you learned about your writing today? What do you hope to get done tomorrow? What improvements do you need to make? Make sure to date these process writes and put them together as you prepare your work.