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Direction: read and analyze each statement. Write your answer on your answer sheet.
Critical thinking Questions
1. How does the structure of capillaries compare to that of arteries and veins.
Veins and arteries both have two further tunics that surround the endothelium: the middle, tunica media is composed of smooth muscle, while the outer tunica externa is connective tissue (collagen and elastic fibers).
2. What are valves in the heart for?
These valves are actual flaps that are located on each end of the two ventricles (lower chambers of the heart).

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Activity 2.3. The respiratory System working Together with the Circulatory system
Objective: Describe how the respiratory and circulatory systems work together.
Materials: Science book, illustration of human heart and lungs
Procedure: Study the diagram and answer the question that follow

ACTIVITIES
Questions
1. How do the heart and the lungs work together? The Pulmonary Loop The right side of the heart picks up the oxygen-poor blood from the body and moves it to the lungs for cleaning and re-oxygenating.
2. Why is the blood from the heart should be transported to the lungs?  The left side of your heart receives oxygen-rich blood from your lungs and pumps it through your arteries to the rest of your body.
3. How does the respiratory system work together with the circulatory system?    Oxygen taken in from the respiratory system moves into blood vessels that then circulate oxygen-rich blood to tissues and cells.

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1. Explaine how the heart work
The left side of your heart receives oxygen-rich blood from your lungs and pumps it through your arteries to the rest of your body.
2. How does the heart compare to a mechanical pump?     The heart pumps blood and circulate it throughout the body through our veins, while mechanical pump pumps the fluid from low pressure area to a higher pressure area and delivers this fluid to the pump outlet.
3. Trace the pathway of blood by naming in sequence the parts of the heart to Wich it passes.
Blood enters enters the heart through two large veins the posterior(INFERIOR) In the anterior(SUPERIOR) vena cava –carrying deoxygenated blood from the body into the right atrium. Blood flows from the right atrium into the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve.

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Activity: 2.2 THE HEART
objective: Identify the parts of the heart and trace the path way of blood.
Materials: Science book,illustration of the human heart
Procedure
Refer to the diagram and check your understanding of the human heart by giving the function of each numbered part.
Activities

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Questions
1. What are the main parts of the circulatory system? Arteries,veins,capillaries
2.what are the main function of the circulatory system
These roadways travel in one direction only, to keep things going where they should.
3. Differentiate the three types of blood circulation
Systemic circulation, pulmonary circulation and portal circulation.
Critical thinking how do you think our circulatory system differs to that of an earthworm
Instead, earthworms have five aortic arches, which are vessels that function similarly to a heart, pumping blood to the dorsal and ventral blood vessels.

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Activitu 2.1 getting to know the component of circulatory System
Objective: identify the component of the circulatory system
Material: science book, diagram of circulatory system
Procedure
1. Read the following paragraph about circulatory System
2. Using the information given, fill in the missing parts, discriptions and function to complete the graphic organizer write your answer on your answer sheet.

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This sumplementary learning material will help you to
• identify the component of the cerculatory system
• Explaine the diffirent types of circulation;and
• Explaine the mechanism of how the resperatory system and circulatory system work together

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Lesson 2 THE AMZING CIRCUIT (CIRCULATORY SYSTEM)

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Lesson 2 THE AMZING CIRCUIT (CIRCULATORY SYSTEM)

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Looking back
Direction: the respiratory is composed of organs for breathing and respiration. Can you guess which organ is being described?
1. The passage from the tranchea to either left or right lung        larynx
2. Also known as the windpipe       trachea
3. Sac of the lungs in which the exchange of gasses between the cells of the body and the external environment takes places  alveoli

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Direction: read and analyze each statement and write your answer on your answer sheet.

Critical Thinking Questions
1. Cilia (sing. Cilium) line the nasal cavity and other respiratory tubes. Describe the function of cilia in the respiratory tract.
2.After playing basketball, reb takes several deep and rapid breaths. after a while, he felt dizzy. Describe what has happened.

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The resperatory system is the organ system that is responsible for exchanging gases between the cells of the body and the environment. Breathing is different from respiration. Breathing is the mechanical process of inhalation (or inspiration) and exhalation (or expiration). Respiration is a chemical processthat involves the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the cells.

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3. Stick two drinking straws through the two holes in the bottle cap.
4. Place one small ballon on the end of each straw and secure them with rubber bands.
5. Stick the ballon ends of the straws through the bottle opening and tightly screw on the lid.
6. Stretch out the larger ballon and place it over the open bottom of the bottle. Put rubber band to secure it.
7. Pull the larger ballon down. Observe what happens.
8.now, push the larger ballon in observe what happens.

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Material: 2-liter ampty plastic bottles with cap, 2 plastic drinking straws, 1 large balloon, 2 small ballons, 2 rubber bans, pair of scissors (Note: if ballons are not available, plastic bags e.g. ice candy bags and sando bags can be used as alternatives for small and big ballon)

Procedure:
1.using a pair scissors, cut off the bottom of the 2-liter plastic bottle.
2. drill 2 holes to the cap of the bottle. make sure the holes are far enough from each other and are big enough for a drinking straw to fit through.

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Activity 1.3. Working lung model
Objective:  create a model of the lung and describe what happen during breathing.

When we inhale,the lungs expands. This happens because our diaphragm contract and moves downward. As a result, the space in our chest cavity increases. On the other hand the lungs get smaller when we exhale. It is because our diaphragm expands and moves upward.

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1.what important do alveoli in our body?
All the cells in the body need oxygen every minute of the day
2.what is important role of diaphragm in our body? It is a large, involuntarily.
3. Trace the pathway of air by naming the parts of the resperatory system to Which is passes. Nasal cavity (or oral cavity)pharynx,tranchea, primary bronchi,(right & left) secondary bronchi,tertiary bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

Modify and be creative! Try your own activity! You may design and explore more to check your understanding. Ex. Look for lato (seaweed) or a bunch of fruits (or cauliflower) and relate each part of the sample to the key parts of the resperatory system.
Like the cauliflower,the lungs is composed of many alveoli

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The nasal cavity lies above the bone that forms the roof of the mouth and curves down at the back to join the throat.

As a component of the upper respiratory tract, the pharynx is part of the conducting zone for air into the lungs.

As the air rushes from our lungs out through the larynx, the from portion of the vocal cords vibrate, producing a sound.

The trachea is one part of the respiratory tree, that is a conduit for air to pass through on its way to or from the alveoli of the lungs.

The respiratory system's main job is to move fresh air into your body while removing waste gases.

A bronchus (plural bronchi, adjective bronchial) is a passage of airway in the respiratory tract that conducts air into the lungs.

The smooth muscle that surround the bronchioles can constrict or dilate the airway, which can aid in getting the proper amount of oxygen into the blood.

It is a large, dome-shaped muscle that contracts rhythmically and continually, and most of the time, involuntarily.

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Activity 1.2. Getting to know our Breathing System: function
Objective: Describe the functions of each part of the resperatory system.
Procedure
Refer to the diagram in activity 1.1 and check your understanding of the resperatory system by giving the function of each numbered part. Write your answer on your answer sheet.

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1. What is the main function of the resperatory system?  The functionsof the resperatory system are to obtain oxygen  from the external environment and supply it to the cells and to remove from the body the carbon dioxide produced by cellular metabolism.

2. How do the lungs work?  They remove the carbon dioxide and other waste gases that your body's doesn't need.
3. What gases are exchanged in resperatory system?  Gas exchange is the delivery of oxygen from the lungs to the bloodstream, and the elimination of carbon dioxide from the bloodstream to the lungs.
Critical thingking compare three system for gas exchange in animals (e.g. earthworm,fish,insect) which you have learned in the previous grade level.
Earthwormnot have specialized respiratory organs like we do; instead, they take in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide directly through their skin. Oxygen diffuses through the earthworm's body surface and diffuses inward to the network of capillaries lying just under the body surface.
Fish exchange gases by pulling oxygen-rich water through their mouths and pumping it over their gills. In some fish, capillary blood flows in the opposite direction to the water, causing counter-current exchange. The gills push the oxygen-poor water out through openings in the sides of the pharynx.
Insect, and some other invertebrates, exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between their tissues and the air by a system of air-filled tubes called tracheae.

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Module 1 lesson 1
Activity 1.1. getting to know are breathing System: Key Parts
Objective: identify the key parts of the resperatory system
Procedure
1. Study the diagram of the human resperatory system.
2. Label the parts of resperatory system.
Choose your answer from the word pool.