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Hello everyone, we welcome you to our science ambassador tour. My name is Agshajan and this is Eathan. I look forward to teaching you about the vast topics of Ecology and Electricity, notify you about new discoveries and keep you up to date with the latest news. We'll be taking a deep dive into topics mainly associated with space, chemisty, ecology, and electricity. Specific subjects will be taken into account: topics such as blue jet lightning, weather complecations, water on Mars, and the process of recycling.

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The flaws of the recycling process (Chemisty)

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The flaws of the recycling process (Chemisty)

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Recycling seems to be one of the great benefactors to reduce pollution and it also keeps harmful materials out of the landfill but the truth is that no matter how well you sort out your recyclable materials from your trash, it seems to end up in various landfills either way. The reality is that plastic is very hard to be actually reused, a large portion of the reading being that it’s very difficult to sort accordingly. Take plastic shopping bags or shrink wrap for example, they are very light and flimsy making it so that's it’s likely they’ll tangle with other plastics and cause trouble.  “Most plastics are like oil and water. They just don’t mix. Take, for example, a polyethylene detergent jug and its polypropylene cap. “If you melt those down, and I make a bottle out of that, and I squeeze it, it would basically crack down the side” (“Chemists are reimagining recycling to keep plastics out of landfills'). Recycling plastics seems really out of the question at the moment but there's also another issue, false advertising. Many plastic products are actually labeled incorrectly and therefore it runs down the conveyor even more, forcing it to go to yet another landfill. Now that all the flaws are laid out, how do chemists plan to fix this trainwreck? Well chemists plan to create and perfect an enzyme that can deconstruct plastic on a molecular level to avoid possible pollution. An alternate option they also have in mind is to look into whether or not you can construct and alter a polymer so that it can fall apart on its own on command.

The article: https://www.sciencenews.org/article/chemistry-recycling-plastic-landfills-trash-materials
Question:

What are examples of benefits of recycling?

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A 15 year study shows the effects of extreme weather on our main source of living, bees. Rufus Issacs, one of the researchers at Michigan State University, worked with Kelsey Graham, postdoctoral researcher who is now with the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service. Starting from 2004 to 2018, they studied wild bees traveling in the months May and June. However, with flowers blooming early, the bees will be confused on what to do. Some flowers will bloom longer than others, so the bees will not go extinct because of the wide range of short living or long living flowers that they’ll be using to keep thriving, as long as global warming by third party factors like pollution or excess land usage don’t destroy the flowers the bees use. As for the flowers and the colossal option of flowers, there will always be competition. The bees will most likely pollinate the flowers with the most pollen in them. Some flowers may die out during the season shifting, with summers being longer, but that doesn’t mean the followers will go completely extinct. Once all the better flowers are used, they will move onto the lesser flowers and start pollinating them too.
The article:
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/rare-chunks-of-earths-mantle-found-exposed-in-maryland
Question:

What will happen when there are more options of flowers and plants for the bees to pollinate? Will the bee pollinate all of them or will some of the greenery die out?

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History of water present on Mars (Space) 

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History of water present on Mars (Space) 

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Scientists have recently uncovered a shocking discovery: the discovery being that they have reason to believe that all the water on Mars did not dry up all at once. Mars, the barren red wasteland,  it’s estimated to be one thousand times drier than deserts on earth, which puts into perspective how ludicrous it was to find out that the planet had a history of water. Going back to 3.6 billion years ago, the planet was altering in between being wet and dry spells. Spacecraft that were close enough to see Mars’ planet structure caught sight of what is now named Mount sharp, which was a giant mound of sediment that was a deposit for rocks that were being moved by the wind and water during the shift between the wet and dry spells. Rapin, the scientist that made this groundbreaking discovery, and his colleagues examined Mount sharp and they later found out that it was made up of different types of terrain. The scientists found sedimentary beds that were split into three layers, being approximately 2800 feet thick. 985 feet consisted of mostly clay and acted as the base of the mountain, 490 feet were estimated to be a deposit for rocks that had been blown by the winds during dry spells, and an astounding 1310 feet was taken up by terrain that was both light and dark indicating river deposits.
The article:
https://www.space.com/mars-water-did-not-dry-up-at-once#:~:text=Mars%20did%20not%20dry%20up,water%20as%20Earth's%20Atlantic%20Ocea

Question:

Do you think a planet is colonizable if it has water? Explain your reasoning.

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Physical scientists have gotten a clear view of the source of “blue jet lightning”, which can reach altitudes up to about 50 km in less than a second. The blue jet lightning was observed in a storm over the Pacific Ocean, near the island of Nauru, in February 2019. Blue lightning is created by the special kind of electric expel inside a thundercloud, that shoots from the side of the cloud itself. But now it has been seen traveling several kilometers a second upwards. They use cameras and light-sensing instruments called photometers. On a space station, they used the photometers to  observe the blue jet in a storm over the Pacific Ocean, near the island of Nauru, in February 2019. This is important because these random bursts of blue lightning could hit a major satellite and cause disruption all over the world. From wifi to the photometers themselves, if the blue lightning were to get close enough to remotely resemble an electromagnetic pulse, it could destroy connections from days to months.
The article:
https://www.sciencenews.org/article/space-station-detectors-found-source-weird-blue-jet-lightning
Question:
Why is this so important to us?

What did they use to see the blue jet lightning?

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"Scientific knowledge is in perpetual evolution; it finds itself changed from one day to the next"

-Jean Piaget