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Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

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Preserve Biodiversity, Preserve the Planet

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What biodiversity is, what does it have to do with our daily food, and what can we do to preserve it?

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Sunflower seeds are the gift of the beautiful sunflower, a plant with rays of petals emanating from its bright yellow, seed-studded center. The sunflower's Latin scientific name,Helianthus annuus, reflects its solar appearance since helios is the Greek word for sun, and anthos is the Greek word for flower.

The sunflower produces grayish-green or black seeds encased in tear-dropped shaped gray or black shells that oftentimes feature black and white stripes. Since these seeds have a very high oil content, they are one of the main sources used to produce polyunsaturated oil. Shelled sunflower seeds have a mild nutty taste and firm, but tender texture. Their taste is oftentimes compared with the Jerusalem artichoke (not to be confused with the bulb artichoke), another member of the Helianthus family.

Flower seeds are the gift of the beautiful sunflower that has rays of petals emanating from its bright yellow, seed-studded center. The flower produces grayish-green or black seeds encased in tear-dropped shaped gray or black shells that oftentimes feature black and white stripes. Since these seeds have a very high oil content, they are one of the main sources of polyunsaturated oil.

Looking for a health-promoting snack? A handful of sunflower seeds will take care of your hunger, while also enhancing your health by supplying significant amounts of vitamin E, magnesium and selenium.

Sunflower seeds are an excellent source of vitamin E, the body's primary fat-soluble antioxidant. Vitamin E travels throughout the body neutralizing free radicals that would otherwise damage fat-containing structures and molecules, such as cell membranes, brain cells, and cholesterol. By protecting these cellular and molecular components, vitamin E has significant anti-inflammatory effects that result in the reduction of symptoms in asthma, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis, conditions where free radicals and inflammation play a big role. Vitamin E has also been shown to reduce the risk of colon cancer, help decrease the severity and frequency of hot flashes in women going through menopause, and help reduce the development of diabetic complications.

Sources: http://www.nutrition-and-you.com/sunflower-seeds.html

http://www.whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=foodspice&dbid=57

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Biodiversity also includes genetic differences within each species - for example, between varieties of crops and breeds of livestock. Chromosomes, genes, and DNA-the building blocks of life-determine the uniqueness of each individual and each species. Yet another aspect of biodiversity is the variety of ecosystems such as those that occur in deserts, forests, wetlands, mountains, lakes, rivers, and agricultural landscapes. In each ecosystem, living creatures, including humans, form a community, interacting with one another and with the air, water, and soil around them. Biological diversity is of fundamental importance to the functioning of all natural and human-engineered ecosystems, and by extension to the ecosystem services that nature provides free of charge to human society.

Living organisms play central roles in the cycles of major elements (carbon, nitrogen, and so on) and water in the environment, and diversity specifically is important in that these cycles require numerous interacting species.

Sources: http://www.eoearth.org/view/article/150560/

http://www.cbd.int/2010/biodiversity/

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This diversity is often understood in terms of the wide variety of plants, animals and microorganisms. So far, about 1.75 million species have been identified, mostly small creatures such as insects. Scientists reckon that there are actually about 13 million species, though estimates range from three to 100 million. Biodiversity also includes genetic differences within each species - for example, between varieties of crops and breeds of livestock. Chromosomes, genes, and DNA-the building blocks of life-determine the uniqueness of each individual and each species. Yet another aspect of biodiversity is the variety of ecosystems such as those that occur in deserts, forests, wetlands, mountains, lakes, rivers, and agricultural landscapes. In each ecosystem, living creatures, including humans, form a community, interacting with one another and with the air, water, and soil around them. Biological diversity is of fundamental importance to the functioning of all natural and human-engineered ecosystems, and by extension to the ecosystem services that nature provides free of charge to human society.

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Paul- Bees are natural medicine providers of honey

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Paul- Bees are natural medicine providers of honey

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When it comes to their diet,the honey bee's diet consists of various ingredients which together help the honey bee grow and develop so that eventually it can produce honey.For the first 5 or 6 days of a honey bee's adult life, it consumes great amounts of pollen in order to obtain lipids, vitamins, minerals and protein necessary for completing its development and growth. Nectar is also part of the honey bee diet and between the tenth and the fourteenth day of their adult life, the main dietary source of worker bees is made up of carbohydrates.Carbohydrates are gathered as necture from plants, trees and flowers and they serve as an important source of nutrition.The nectar is actually the sweet water that collects on plants such as flowers, while pollen is a powder that is very rich in proteins. The bees' diet consists of a lot of nectar, but at the end of the day they are not gorging themselves. The nectar is taken to the hive where it's used extensively for the production of honey. Together, pollen and necture give honey bees the necessary ingredients for producing the various types of honey required for the survival of the colony.

sources: http://www.hiveandhoneyapiary.com/HoneyBeesDiet.html http://beekeeping.wikia.com/wiki/Beekeeping_in_Romania

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Beekeeping is an important sector contributing to the increase of agricultural production and keepers income, to the reduction of unemployment among rural population, to a better coverage ofconsumption and a better trade balance.Romania comes on the 19th position in the world for honey production and 11th position for honey export. Honey bees are quite the unique in the sense that they have the ability to produce enough honey - the only known food substance that does not spoil - on a large quantity, large enough to be harvested by us humans for our own consumption, thus the name honey bee. Honey bees also differ from one another basing on a lot of factors.

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Biological diversity - or biodiversity - is the term given to the variety of life on Earth and the natural patterns it forms. The biodiversity we see today is the fruit of billions of years of evolution, shaped by natural processes and, increasingly, by the influence of humans. It forms the web of life of which we are an integral part and upon which we so fully depend. This diversity is often understood in terms of the wide variety of plants, animals and microorganisms. So far, about 1.75 million species have been identified, mostly small creatures such as insects. Scientists reckon that there are actually about 13 million species, though estimates range from three to 100 million. Biodiversity also includes genetic differences within each species - for example, between varieties of crops and breeds of livestock.

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SAVE THE BELUGA WHALE!

The "Dephinapterus leucas," better known as the "Beluga" or "white dolphin", is an interesting ,famous whale that lives in the cold polar Arctic seas and in the northern Europe. The name comes from the Russian "Beloye" which means "white", for its shiny white color that differentiates it from other species of whales. The beluga is a social animal that lives in herds made up of thousands of individuals. It is a very playful ,curious animal that has fun with anything that comes its way: a piece of wood, a plant, etc…It also differs from other cetaceans for his way of communicating. In fact, it is called "the canary of the deep", because it emits high-pitched squeaks, whistles and other sweet sounds very similar to our voices. Unfortunately the Beluga whale is just one more species that appears to be in danger of extinction within 100 years. Also nowadays the species is threatened by oil and gas exploration, over-fishing, vessel traffic, industrial development and, above all, pollution. Global warming is having an effect as well, because it changes the movements of the pack ice in the artic, and this dictates the range of the whales. Many associations for the protection of the environment and animals have intervened in defense of beluga whales and other animals in the Arctic  areas. But if everyone’s mentality does not change each , man will gradually destroy the entire earth's ecosystem and much of the beauty of nature will be completely lost.

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Let's save our world!
Nature is all around us. Its beauteous forms are obvious for all of us. Forests, rivers, seas seem to be unchangeable under our sky. Unfortunately it is not so; if we looked in a better way, we would be able to see that trees are withering, rivers are drying up, animals are dying under our absent look.....

www.google.it

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The Natural Reserve of the Trapani and Paceco Salt Pans
This park was recognized in 1995 the most important natural reserve of salt pans in Europe. WWF also preserves it because of the presence of many rare grasses and animals: in this territory, it is possible to see 170 different species of birds including flamingos, storks, cranes and herons. These 1000 hectare salt pans reach Marsala Stagnone.
http://www.goingthroughitaly.com/1032/the-natural-reserve-of-the-trapani-and-paceco-salt-pans/

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The Reserve is also known for its fauna (in the Zingaro there nest and mate at least 39 birds species, mainly birds of prey including: the Pilgrim falcon, the Windhever, the Buzzard).
Source: https://www.google.it

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The flora in the Natural Reserve of the Zingaro is quite impressive as well: you can observe more than 650 plant species – some are very rare, just like the Limonium todaroanum, that can reach 750 mt. above the sea level on the rocks of Mount Passo del Lupo.

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In the Natural Reserve of the Zingaro, the dwarf palm garigue is very typical. It can be 2-3 meters high.

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The Natural Reserve of the Zingaro, in the province of Trapani, is rich in endemic and rare plants that make it a true oasis of biodiversity.

http: //pti.regione.sicilia.it/portal/page/portal/SIT_PORTALE/SIT_EnglishVersion/Timeless%20island

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The connections between biodiversity and our sustainable future appear closer and closer the more we look. We literally need to conserve biodiversity like our lives depend on it!

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Biodiversity is the incredible, dizzying variety of life that surrounds us, including all of the earth’s plants, animals, their habitats, and the natural processes that they are a part of.

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Biodiversity is the life support system of our planet- we depend on it for the air we breathe, the food we eat, and the water we drink.

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It has been empirically shown that native species richness is linked to the health of ecosystems, as is the quality of life for humans.

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We need biodiversity to satisfy basic needs like food, drinking water, fuel, shelter, and medicine.

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While the Earth has always experienced changes and extinctions, the current changes are occurring at an unprecendented rate. Still more sobering, most threats to biodiversity are caused by human activity.

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it is within our power to change our actions to help ensure the survivial of species and natural systems — and ultimately, ourselves.

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Everyone has a role to play in meeting the challenges of the biodiversity crisis, i.e., the accelerated loss of animals, plants, and habitats caused primarily by human activities.

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If we all commit to just one or two lifestyle choices that are more sustainable, over time this will have a cumulative and positive impact on the Earth’s biodiversity.

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Freshwater is a precious, finite resource. Conserving water not only helps to preserve this irreplaceable natural resource, but also helps reduce the strain on urban wastewater management systems, saving money and energy. There are many, easy ways to conserve our water resources into the future.

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Biodiversity is the life support system of our planet- we depend on it for the air we breathe, the food we eat, and the water we drink. Wetlands filter pollutants from water, trees and plants reduce global warming by absorbing carbon, and bacteria and fungi break down organic material and fertilize the soil. It has been empirically shown that native species richness is linked to the health of ecosystems, as is the quality of life for humans.

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There are 80,000 species of edible plants known on Earth, but 90% of the world’s food comes from a mere 20 of these species. Edible plant species, both those we know of and those we don’t, offer a tremendous resource of possibilities that could greatly add to the security of our food. How many of these have high potential for commercial exploitation and for feeding the hungry? Certainly a great many.

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Medicines originating from wild species, including penicillin, aspirin, taxol, and quinine, have saved millions of lives and alleviated tremendous suffering. 40% of all prescriptions are for medicines that originated from plants and animals. No one knows how many more cures await discovery, hidden in Earth’s poorly studied species.

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It is also important to conserve biodiversity for the sake of our own curiosity and aesthetic appreciation.

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Biodiversity is the incredible, dizzying variety of life that surrounds us, including all of the earth’s plants, animals, their habitats, and the natural processes that they are a part of.