# data[].attributes.body
Why is Jerzy Grotowski so well-known in the theatre world?

# data[].attributes.body
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerzy_Grotowski

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cTiy-wGxR34

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y1nA4HCa6zI

http://www.thedramateacher.com/poor-theatre-conventions/

# data[].attributes.headline
2nd own question(what were some of his theories) 

# data[].attributes.subject
2nd own question(what were some of his theories) 

# data[].attributes.body
1. theory of reduction or poor theatre. if we eliminate everything that was artificial, things that might be useful or helpful but which were not essential" take away every elements, then the things that the actors do or say will become the elements itself. for example, if there was no music, and the actor walks across the room back and forth, this will make the audience think that the actor is worried or thinking without putting in intense music.

# data[].attributes.headline
1st own question (how did the environment and condition around him affect him throughout his life and how did it influence his work?

# data[].attributes.subject
1st own question (how did the environment and condition around him affect him throughout his life and how did it influence his work?

# data[].attributes.body
He was born in 1939 in poland which is relatively near to Germany in which he had to go through war with his family. His father is predicted to have past away in war. he and his family moves to another village and grew up with there. he and his family were hidden by a peasant family

# data[].attributes.headline
What practical activities did he use with his actors? 

# data[].attributes.subject
What practical activities did he use with his actors? 

# data[].attributes.body
He made his actors run for many hours in a circle or sometimes NAKED in the woods.

he also made his actors do yoga everyday the yoga move was called "asana"

he also has a breathing exercise that is also done daily called "Pranayama"

# data[].attributes.headline
How did he want actors to approach performance? 

# data[].attributes.subject
How did he want actors to approach performance? 

# data[].attributes.body
regarding to his theory, the poor theory. the theory requires the actors to be more skilled and physical than other plays as elements are kept minimal, therefore the play will only be based on the skills of the actors.

aim was for acting to be authentic, akin to Stanislavski’s system (but more physical)

# data[].attributes.body
he created the poor theatre theory where the elements are taken off making a lot of plays that has not a lot of fund to create a good quality play.

# data[].attributes.body
He was a polish theatre director and a theorist which his work is know to have a huge influence on the modern theatre society.

# data[].attributes.body
"Jerzy Grotowski | Twórca." Culture.pl. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2017.

"History." History | ArtsAlive.ca Thtre Franais. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2017.

"Jerzy Grotowski | Twórca." Culture.pl. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2017.

Gaswinck. "Jerzy Grotowski Interview Wywiad Z Jerzym Grotowskim." YouTube. YouTube, 20 Feb. 2010. Web. 10 Jan. 2017.

# data[].attributes.body
People who influence Grotowski work included Stanislavski, Brecht and Meyerhold

Cash, Justin. "Poor Theatre Conventions." The Drama Teacher. N.p., 23 Nov. 2016. Web. 10 Jan. 2017.

# data[].attributes.headline
What are two element that important to his performance?  

# data[].attributes.subject
What are two element that important to his performance?  

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y1nA4HCa6zI

# data[].attributes.body
§  Who was Jerzy Grotowski?

He was a polish theater director whose theatrical approaches have influenced the theater today. He was born in Rzeszów, in South-eastern Poland in 1933 and studied acting and directing at the Ludwik Solski Academy of Dramatic Arts in Kraków and Russian Academy of Theatre Arts in Moscow.

§  What was his contribution to theatre?

He was invited to go to America and teach and direct theater there. He felt very uncomfortable in America, so he moved to Italy and stayed close by the Pisa and worked there almost in secret for 20 years and passed away due to leukemia.

§  How did he want actors to approach performance?

He wanted the actors to approach theater physically, spiritually and ritualistic aspects of theater, the nature of role and the relationship between actor and spectator.

§  What practical activities did he use with his actors?

Yoga was introduced as a part of the daily routine of Grotowski's actors. The yoga "asana" (poses or movements) was presented as a physical warm up before the work, and breathing exercises known as "Pranayama" were also added.

§  Pose 2 of your own research questions and answer them.

Where did he rehearse with the actors for a performance?

As a director, Grotowski preferred to perform works in non-traditional spaces such as buildings and rooms, instead of mainstream theater houses with traditional stages. Typically, the audience was placed on many sides of the action or in and amongst the action, itself.

What was he most famous for?

He was known for creating the poor theater; instead of using props, he employed people to act as props.

http://www.thedramateacher.com/poor-theatre-conventions/

# data[].attributes.body
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerzy_Grotowski

http://culture.pl/en/artist/jerzy-grotowski

# data[].attributes.headline
when did he started to abandon theater and start to ceased mounting theatrical production entirely? 

# data[].attributes.subject
when did he started to abandon theater and start to ceased mounting theatrical production entirely? 

# data[].attributes.body
In 1970s. he deepened his studies into Asian culture by traveling India, china and so on.

# data[].attributes.body
·     “1971 - Appointed Full Professor of the Ecole Supérieure d'Art Dramatique in Marseille

·     1972 - State Award 1st class in the realm of art for 'creative activities with the Laboratory Theatre on staging and research into the art of acting'; Diploma of Merit from the National Museum of the USA 'for exceptional contributions to the development of world theatre';

·     1973 - Creation of the American Institution for Research and Studies into the Oeuvre of Jerzy Grotowski, whose primary objective was to 'popularize Grotowski's artistic discoveries and ideas in the USA'; Honorary Doctorate of the University of Pittsburgh;

·     1975 - Winner of a Wrocław City Prize for 'his creative activities in the realm of theatre'

·     1985 - Honorary Doctorate of the University of Chicago

·     1991 - Honorary Doctorate of the University of Wrocław

·     1997 - Professor of the College de France”·     “1971 - Appointed Full Professor of the Ecole Supérieure d'Art Dramatique in Marseille

·     1972 - State Award 1st class in the realm of art for 'creative activities with the Laboratory Theatre on staging and research into the art of acting'; Diploma of Merit from the National Museum of the USA 'for exceptional contributions to the development of world theatre';

·     1973 - Creation of the American Institution for Research and Studies into the Oeuvre of Jerzy Grotowski, whose primary objective was to 'popularize Grotowski's artistic discoveries and ideas in the USA'; Honorary Doctorate of the University of Pittsburgh;

·     1975 - Winner of a Wrocław City Prize for 'his creative activities in the realm of theatre'

·     1985 - Honorary Doctorate of the University of Chicago

·     1991 - Honorary Doctorate of the University of Wrocław

·     1997 - Professor of the College de France”

# data[].attributes.headline
What practical activities that he uses with his actors  

# data[].attributes.subject
What practical activities that he uses with his actors  

# data[].attributes.body
“Physical work by actors consisted of syncretic trainings that lasted many hours and drew on East Asian techniques. Significant attention was also paid to the voice resonators. Grotowski attempted to tap into the sources of ancient expression. Fascinated with the thoughts of Carl Jung, he sought out archetypes that would prove helpful in building roles and turn his actors' efforts into an act of sacrifice”

he wants to explore the new form of theatric expression without spoken a word. This program is called Acropolis.

# data[].attributes.headline
How did he want actors to approach performance? 

# data[].attributes.subject
How did he want actors to approach performance? 

# data[].attributes.body
He want actors to seek out common, cross-culture stances and movement that can become universal that will lead to creation of arts that would be ritualistic in their nature.

# data[].attributes.headline
 Samuel:            Research on Jerzy Grotowski Complete questions on padlet to find out about the theories of Jerzy Grotowski and his context. >  Who is Jerzy Grotowski:Jerzy Grotowski was an innovative Polish theatre director and theorist. His approaches to acting, training, and theatrical production has significantly impacted and influenced the way “theatre” is today. >  What was his contribution to theatre:His idea was very unique as he rarely liked performing on traditional theatre places such as the stage, auditorium and etc. He preferred a play to be performed in a room, apartment, small spaces, because he wanted the audience to sit by surrounding the actors, which will give off different visualization and comprehension. Grotowski also changed the meaning of a certain type of theatrical category called “poor theatre.” He defined it as a style of performance that got rid of excessive materials such as, lavishing costumes and detailed props. Poor theatre centred and focused mainly on the skill of actors and just a handful of props. He brought the idea of using a prop and changing the props role from one to another. (Like the play 100)>  How did he want actors to approach performance:	He wanted actors to be more aware of the surrounding such as the audience. He also wanted actors to act in ways of not just showing props and styles but to get the message of the play/act through to the audiences. Grotowski taught the actors to use lightings and minimal props to be part of the act. >  What practical activities did he use with his actors:During the 1960s and 1970s, Jerzy was an intense actor trainer. At a place called Laboratory Theatre, in Opole, Jerzy and a group of actors experimented with the spiritual, physical, and ritualistic aspects of theatre and also contrasted the relationships between actor and spectator. Taught the use of body movements and how much it impacts. >  What was he mostly recognized for:	He was the most extensive actor trainer developed since Stanislavski. Most of his work focused on actor training. He changed the view on poor theatre and developed it to be a unique work of theatrical performance. >  Short biography:Jerzy was born in August 11 in 1933 in the city of Rzeszow, Poland. War came when he was still a child and it broke the family apart. His father went to war and never returned, and his mother, brother and himself moved to a small village in Nienadowka. In the village was where Jerzy started to learn and observe essential experiences that later on shaped his future. His mother as well was a great influence to him. He died on the 14th of January in 1999 (aged 65) by leukemia and heart problems. Video Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dRyLLTvs00c3 quotes: Actors should arouse a sense of wonder because of their ability to exceed what the spectators can envision ever being able to. I wasn’t political in order to be politicalIf you create a masterpiece, you must always avoid beautiful liesPublished article:http://www.thedramateacher.com/poor-theatre-conventions/

# data[].attributes.subject
 Samuel:            Research on Jerzy Grotowski Complete questions on padlet to find out about the theories of Jerzy Grotowski and his context. >  Who is Jerzy Grotowski:Jerzy Grotowski was an innovative Polish theatre director and theorist. His approaches to acting, training, and theatrical production has significantly impacted and influenced the way “theatre” is today. >  What was his contribution to theatre:His idea was very unique as he rarely liked performing on traditional theatre places such as the stage, auditorium and etc. He preferred a play to be performed in a room, apartment, small spaces, because he wanted the audience to sit by surrounding the actors, which will give off different visualization and comprehension. Grotowski also changed the meaning of a certain type of theatrical category called “poor theatre.” He defined it as a style of performance that got rid of excessive materials such as, lavishing costumes and detailed props. Poor theatre centred and focused mainly on the skill of actors and just a handful of props. He brought the idea of using a prop and changing the props role from one to another. (Like the play 100)>  How did he want actors to approach performance:	He wanted actors to be more aware of the surrounding such as the audience. He also wanted actors to act in ways of not just showing props and styles but to get the message of the play/act through to the audiences. Grotowski taught the actors to use lightings and minimal props to be part of the act. >  What practical activities did he use with his actors:During the 1960s and 1970s, Jerzy was an intense actor trainer. At a place called Laboratory Theatre, in Opole, Jerzy and a group of actors experimented with the spiritual, physical, and ritualistic aspects of theatre and also contrasted the relationships between actor and spectator. Taught the use of body movements and how much it impacts. >  What was he mostly recognized for:	He was the most extensive actor trainer developed since Stanislavski. Most of his work focused on actor training. He changed the view on poor theatre and developed it to be a unique work of theatrical performance. >  Short biography:Jerzy was born in August 11 in 1933 in the city of Rzeszow, Poland. War came when he was still a child and it broke the family apart. His father went to war and never returned, and his mother, brother and himself moved to a small village in Nienadowka. In the village was where Jerzy started to learn and observe essential experiences that later on shaped his future. His mother as well was a great influence to him. He died on the 14th of January in 1999 (aged 65) by leukemia and heart problems. Video Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dRyLLTvs00c3 quotes: Actors should arouse a sense of wonder because of their ability to exceed what the spectators can envision ever being able to. I wasn’t political in order to be politicalIf you create a masterpiece, you must always avoid beautiful liesPublished article:http://www.thedramateacher.com/poor-theatre-conventions/

# data[].attributes.headline
What practical activities did he use with his actors? 

# data[].attributes.subject
What practical activities did he use with his actors? 

# data[].attributes.body
https://youtu.be/kNzESIKUQhw?list=PLhrGliJqYmv8OXtm0jpVpYLNtIRGwbXcg
In this video, Jerzy showed his training to two people. He demonstrated first, then he gave advise. Their bodies need to the move to the front extremely fast and firm, meanwhile relax your whole body. Then pause for a second. After that, immediately go back to his original middle position and lastly move their upper bodies to their back with the same speed and pause with the same time. This was only one out of many exercise he showed.
I think the main goal is to make the actor relax and then be extremely focus on one of his/her body parts.
They are a warm up and are useful in increasing an actors awareness, but that's not seperate from the actor work itself. Not only awareness, but also the physical qualities explored in the exercise are ingraned into the actors senses so they can compose and explore with alive physical sensations while the play itself is being created

# data[].attributes.body
He was an assistant when he started to teach theater and soon after he became a director. He also contributes in the play production called “chairs”. He also creates radio plays for polish theater.

# data[].attributes.body
He is a theater director, creator of acting methods and educator. Born is 1933 in Poland. Died in 1999 in Italy. He is considered the greatest activists of the 20th century.

# data[].attributes.headline
How old was Jerzy Grotowski when he died?

# data[].attributes.subject
How old was Jerzy Grotowski when he died?

# data[].attributes.body
He was born in 1933 and died in 1999.
So he was 66 when he died.

# data[].attributes.body
Poor theatre - “defining a performance style that rid itself of the excesses of theatre, such as lavish costumes and detailed sets (hence ‘poor’). Poor Theatre pieces centre on the skill of the actor and are often performed with only a handful of props.”

# data[].attributes.body
http://www.thedramateacher.com/poor-theatre-conventions/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerzy_Grotowski

https://prezi.com/chds28h4d_y8/jerzy-grotowski-acting-exercises/

https://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/staffhome/siryan/academy/theatres/grotowski,%20jerzy.htm

# data[].attributes.headline
What are the process of Jerzy Grotowski's theoretical theater? 

# data[].attributes.subject
What are the process of Jerzy Grotowski's theoretical theater? 

# data[].attributes.body
"The entire theoretical theater is based on two process. Firstly a reduction to what is the essence of theater, and secondly breaking down the walls of theater." - Jerzy Grotowski

Jerzy Grotowski Interview Wywiad Z Jerzym Grotowskim. Perf. Jerzy Grotowski. Youtube. TVP POLONIA, n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2017.
https://youtu.be/y1nA4HCa6zI

# data[].attributes.headline
What practical activities did he use with his actors? Grotoski’s goal in his teachings was to help “the actor achieve authentic self-hood”. He did this through exercise he would tell his actors to jog or run for hours, sometimes in a circle, yoga, and even naked through the woods. The exercise was designed to force the actor to eliminate any: “preconceptions, clinched habits, mimetic reproductions of banal realistic behavior, and all the ‘proper’ techniques of breathing, speaking, and moving taught in conventional action schools. 

# data[].attributes.subject
What practical activities did he use with his actors? Grotoski’s goal in his teachings was to help “the actor achieve authentic self-hood”. He did this through exercise he would tell his actors to jog or run for hours, sometimes in a circle, yoga, and even naked through the woods. The exercise was designed to force the actor to eliminate any: “preconceptions, clinched habits, mimetic reproductions of banal realistic behavior, and all the ‘proper’ techniques of breathing, speaking, and moving taught in conventional action schools. 

# data[].attributes.headline
How did he want actors to approach performance? His experiments investigated the suggestion that the actor is the core of theatre art and he used the term ‘poor theatre' to explain his desire to explore and utilise basic dramatic elements that could enhance communication between actors and audiences.

# data[].attributes.subject
How did he want actors to approach performance? His experiments investigated the suggestion that the actor is the core of theatre art and he used the term ‘poor theatre' to explain his desire to explore and utilise basic dramatic elements that could enhance communication between actors and audiences.

# data[].attributes.headline
3. How did he want actors to approach performance?

# data[].attributes.subject
3. How did he want actors to approach performance?

# data[].attributes.headline
What was his contribution to theatre? Laboratory theatre, poor theatre, theatre of sources and objective drama.	

# data[].attributes.subject
What was his contribution to theatre? Laboratory theatre, poor theatre, theatre of sources and objective drama.	

# data[].attributes.headline
2. What was his contribution to theater? 

# data[].attributes.subject
2. What was his contribution to theater? 

# data[].attributes.headline
4. What practical activities did he use with his actors? 

# data[].attributes.subject
4. What practical activities did he use with his actors? 

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-wcz82T9kVc

Grotowski Movement Project. N.p., 30 Sept. 2009. Web. 11 Jan. 2017.

# data[].attributes.headline
How did he want actors to approach performance?

# data[].attributes.subject
How did he want actors to approach performance?

# data[].attributes.body
"It seems to me," Brook said, "that Grotowski is showing us something which existed in the past but has been forgotten over the centuries; that is that one of the vehicles which allows man to have access to another level of perception is to be found in the art of performance.

# data[].attributes.body
The ways that he approached theater acting, training, and theatrical production had a great impact on today's theater.

Jerzy began to experiment with approaches to performance training which enabled him to shape the young actors - initially allocated to his provincial theater - into the transformation artists they eventually became.

# data[].attributes.body
What practical activities did he use with his actors?

By the 1960s and 70s, Grotowski had become an intense actor instructor and trainer. He would make his acting students go through specific, challenging and sometimes strange types if training. Yoga and breathing exercises were often part of the actors' training to help the actors be aware of their movements and the impact that they can have as well as attempting to connect to theatre spiritually. Grotowski would experiment with the physical, spiritual and even ritualistic aspects of theatre in Opole, Laboratory Theatre.

# data[].attributes.body
Who was Jerzy Grotowski?

Jerzy Grotowski was a polish theatre directer and theorist, educator and creator of acting method.

What was his contribution to theatre?

How did he want actors to approach performance?

He experimented theatre techniques by focusing on the actor physically, vocally and psychically, so that during performances they might transform themselves as demanded by the play. Actors had to learn to give of themselves freely, and expose themselves psychically when necessary, abandoning all notions of narcissism or exhibitionism.

What practical activities did he use with his actors?

What are the significant awards and distinctions he received?

1971 - Appointed Full Professor of the Ecole Supérieure d'Art Dramatique in Marseille

1972 - State Award 1st class in the realm of art for 'creative activities with the Laboratory Theatre on staging and research into the art of acting'; Diploma of Merit from the National Museum of the USA 'for exceptional contributions to the development of world theatre';

1973 - Creation of the American Institution for Research and Studies into the Oeuvre of Jerzy Grotowski, whose primary objective was to 'popularize Grotowski's artistic discoveries and ideas in the USA'; Honorary Doctorate of the University of Pittsburgh;

1975 - Winner of a Wrocław City Prize for 'his creative activities in the realm of theatre'

1985 - Honorary Doctorate of the University of Chicago

1991 - Honorary Doctorate of the University of Wrocław

1997 - Professor of the College de France

# data[].attributes.body
How did he want actors to approach performance?

Grotowski wanted actors to be able to become more aware of their surroundings while on stage; not the props or the set itself, but the audience, for them to be aware that they were there to create an impact on the audience, to make them feel something and to be able to successfully deliver a message to the audience through their acting skills and method(s). He would teach his theatre/acting students to approach theatre physically as well as spiritually and he wanted them to be able to develop a kind of bond between them (the actors) and the audience. Grotowski would also teach them to use a minimal amount of props, lighting and costume so that they wouldn't be distracted from acting.

# data[].attributes.body
What was his contribution to theatre?

Grotowski had a very different and unique idea of what theatre was about compared to other directors/actors at the time. He often didn't like/disagreed with performing and acting where a play would normally take place; stages, auditoriums, opera houses, etc. He highly preferred for plays to take place in more common areas like apartments and simple rooms where the audience could make themselves comfortable in a familiar space by surrounding the performers, therefore gaining a new point of view and comprehension of the performance as a whole; you could say that his approach to theatre was minimalist. He then developed the idea/theme of "poor theatre", a type of theatre where he would get rid of unnecessary props and luxurious costumes. Grotowski's "poor theatre" was created to focus on method acting and developing acting skills.

Cash, Justin. "Poor Theatre Conventions." The Drama Teacher. N.p., 23 Nov. 2016. Web. 12 Jan. 2017.

# data[].attributes.body
Jerzy Grotowski was a  polish theater director and theorist whose approaches to acting, training and theatrical production.

Cash, Justin. "Poor Theatre Conventions." The Drama Teacher. N.p., 23 Nov. 2016. Web. 10 Jan. 2017.

# data[].attributes.body
Who was Jerzy Grotowski?

Jerzy Marian Grotowski, who was born in 1933 and died in 1999, was a Polish theatre director and theoretician, educator as well as a creator of acting methods. Graduating from the State Higher School of Theatre with a degree in acting, he would then go to study directing and acting at the Ludwik Solski Academy of Dramatic Arts in Kraków, then the Russian Academy of Theatre Arts in Moscow. Grotowski went on collecting numerous awards and distinctions throughout his life.

"Jerzy Grotowski | Twórca." Culture.pl. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Jan. 2017.

# data[].attributes.body
He was a polish theater director and theorist. He founded a company and it went extremely well that he got invited to work in America. He also won the Drama Desk Award in 1970. However, he felt uncomfortable working in North America so he went to Italy and did what he does like usually but secretly for almost his last 25 years on Earth.

"Jerzy Grotowski." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2017.

League, The Broadway. "IBDB.com." – Broadway Cast & Staff | IBDB. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2017.

# data[].attributes.body
Who was Jerzy Grotowski?

He was an innovative polish theater director and theorist who has significantly influenced theater today. He is best known for his intense actor training processes.

# data[].attributes.body
Who was Jerzy Grotowski?

What was his contribution to theatre?

How did he want actors to approach performance?

What practical activities did he use with his actors?

Pose 2 of your own research questions and answer them.

As evidence to your answers above, each student must include:
- at least 1 video in your research.
- at least 3 quotes (1 from a primary and 2 from secondary sources)
- a link to a published article

Cite your sources for each answer.
Each answer needs to be completed in a separate box.
Every student must answer all questions plus their own.