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The final case followed the effect of genetic drift. Genetic drift is the process by which gene frequencies are changed by the chances of random sampling in small portions. As result of genetic drift, the differences in allele frequencies were much more significant. The initial class frequencies were 0.57 and 0.43, as collected from the previous case (heterozygote advantage). At the end of the genetic drift process, the dominant allele frequency was 0.25, and the recessive allele frequency was 0.75.

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Following the first case study, the second and third case studies revealed the effects of a heterozygote population as allele frequencies altered. The second case saw an increase in the "p" alleles and a corresponding decrease in the "q" alleles. Therefore, the dominant allele had a frequency of 0.62 while the recessive allele frequency was 0.38. The third case study revealed a closer difference in allele frequencies as the dominant allele was 0.57 and the recessive was 0.43.

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This shows the outcome of the allele frequency of an ideal population with given initial class frequencies. Students had two "A" and two "a" cards to mix with everyone else. After breeding five generations, the class put together their frequencies and collectively we came up with the dominant allele frequency of 0.6 and the recessive allele frequency of 0.4.

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Homozygous dominant and heterozygous individuals can taste PTC, while homozygous recessive cannot. This shows that 80% of our classroom population can taste PTC and therefore are AA or Aa, and 20% of our classroom population cannot taste PTC and are aa for this trait. In regards to Hardy-Weinburg, the allele frequency of dominant was 0.30 and of recessive was 0.20. For heterozygous, it was 0.50.

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Effects of Selection an Heterozygote Advantage on a Population

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Effects of Selection an Heterozygote Advantage on a Population

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As allele or gene frequencies change, the population evolves. This claim is justified due to genetic drift and selection. In selection, those that are the "fittest" for survival reproduce and pass their traits on to the next generation, exhibited through the new-found frequencies of the dominant allele (0.62) and recessive allele (0.39), and later a closer difference with the frequencies of the dominant allele (0.57) and the recessive allele (0.43) in the evidence determining heterozygote advantage in a population. Genetic drift also affected the initial ideal population, as there were random samplings of organisms. This claim was justified through the evidence regarding the effect of genetic drift on a population, as the dominant allele frequency was 0.25 and the recessive was 0.75 after the process was completed. These numbers varied extremely, contrasting the allele frequencies of the initial class with the dominant being 0.57 and the recessive being 0.43. Because of the changing of allele frequencies, natural selection occurs and is the most dominant force in evolutionary change. These allele frequencies may increase or decrease depending on whether or not traits are selected for or against in one's environment.

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As allele, or gene, frequencies change, the population evolves.

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Is the population evolving with respect to these particular alleles?