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All images used in this presentation have been supplied by Padlet!

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Check the scene for safety and have a bystander contact EMS. Assess the victim for airway, breathing, and circulation. If the victim is not breathing then begin CPR, taking precautions to minimize movement of the spine-especially if the victim is rolled over. If the patient is breathing, immobilize the spine in the position in it was found using sandbagging. Continue monitoring the victim until EMS arrives. Victims with a head injury require assessment for a potential spinal injury.

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A sprain is the stretching and tearing of ligaments and other soft tissue structures at a joint. To treat a sprain use the steps of RICE. Rest by abstaining from activities that cause pain, swelling or discomfort. Ice the injury for 20 minutes. Compress the injury, and elevate it.

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First check for other obvious injuries from the victim. When treating a musculoskeletal injury such as a bone fracture, you can follow the steps of RICE. This stands for Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation. A splint can be used to provide pressure until the victim receives professional medical help. It is important to support the broken area in the position in which it was found to avoid further injury.

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Burns are soft tissue injuries that damage skin and sometimes the layers of fat and muscle beneath the skin. Treatment for burns depends on the severity. After assessing the scene for the safety of you and the victim, its important to remove the victim from the burn source and check for life-threatening conditions. If the burn is a small first degree burn then run cold water over it to cool it and cover it loosely with a sterile dressing. After taking steps to minimize infection and prevent shock, keep the victim from becoming chilled or overheated. Never try to remove adhered clothing, attempt to clean a severe burn, or use any kind of ointment on a severe burn.

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Protect yourself by applying gloves before treating the victim. Cleanse the area thoroughly with soap and water and wash away any dirt. Then apply direct pressure to the wound to control bleeding. The next step is to place a sterile dressing on the wound to stop bleeding and reduce the chances of infection. Continue adding dressings as needed. For severe wounds, follow the steps for treating severe bleeding. Contact EMS, apply dressings, add a pressure bandage, etc.

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Closed wounds, most commonly seen being contusion, are injuries that do not break the skin and damage occurs beneath the skin. A closed wound occurs as a result of a blunt trauma damaging tissue and vessels under the surface of the skin. In order to treat this, it is important to apply an ice pack to the affected area to combat bleeding and swelling for about 20 mins. Make sure to use some sort of barrier such as a cloth or paper towel, between the ice pack and skin. I would then help the victim become more comfortable by helping them move into a better position to rest.