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Irish-born American schoolteacher and dressmaker who became a prominent organized labor representative and community organizer. She helped coordinate major strikes and co-founded the Industrial Workers of the World

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Colonel Drake, was the first American to successfully drill for oil

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Patented the telephone, evev though he wasn't the first person to make the telephone. Because he patented it, he got the recognition and the money

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The center of the music publishing industry and the name of the style of popular music developed there.

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a type of entertainment popular chiefly in the US in the early 20th century, featuring a mixture of specialty acts such as burlesque comedy and song and dance

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prolific 19th-century American writer, best known for his many young adult novels about impoverished boys and their rise from humble backgrounds to lives of middle-class security and comfort through hard work, determination, courage, and honesty

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an American newspaper publisher who built the nation's largest newspaper chain and media company Hearst Communications. Competitor was Joseph Pulitzer

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Joseph Pulitzer was a Hungarian-American newspaper publisher of the St. Louis Post Dispatch and the New York World, fought in the Civil War. In competition with William Randolph Hearst

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the set of ideas and values that develop from a common exposure to the same media, news sources, music, and art. Instagram and Snapchat are some example of Mass Culture

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the spending of money on and the acquiring of luxury goods and services to publicly display economic power—of the income or of the accumulated wealth of the buyer

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the last decades of the nineteenth century were glittering on the surface but corrupt underneath. Mark Twain thought of the idea. He claims that Americans act like life is good, but really, it is unfair and bad

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Real name Samuel Clemens was n American writer, humorist, entrepreneur, publisher, and lecturer. He wrote the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

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an infectious and often fatal bacterial disease of the small intestine, typically contracted from infected water supplies and causing severe vomiting and diarrhea.

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a large building divided into apartments, usually in a poor area of a city. Factory workers would live there because of how cheap it was, but the occupants often got sick

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landscape engineer, designed Fairmount Park and Central Park

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a district lying immediately outside a city or town, especially a smaller residential community

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the transportation of large numbers of people by means of buses, subway trains, etc., especially within urban areas

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American inventor of the safety elevator that would not fall if the lifting rope broke

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a relatively tall building of many stories, especially one for office or commercial use

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People moving from the country to the city

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the process of making an area more urban

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prohibited immigration by Chinese laborers, limited the civil rights of Chinese immigrants already in the United States, and forbade the naturalization of Chinese residents

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a tendency towards preferring native-born, white Americans over "new" immigrants

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a place where different people or different cultures all come together and begin to merge and mix. this is controversial because some people believe America is more like a tossed salad, where all different types of people compliment each other but are still unique, as opposed to a melting pot where everyone fits in and blends in

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the action of making a person or thing American in character or nationality

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immigration station located in San Francisco Bay, California where immigrants entering the United States were detained and interrogated

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served as the prime immigration station of the country located in New York City

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Lower part of a ship providing accommodations for passengers with the cheapest tickets. no privacy, and very dirty conditions. many people got sick before they could start a new life in America

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Unlike earlier immigrants, who mainly came from northern and western Europe, the "new immigrants" came largely from southern and eastern Europe. Largely Catholic and Jewish in religion, the new immigrants came from the Balkans, Italy, Poland, and Russia

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a nationwide railroad strike in the United States on May 11, 1894, and a turning point for US labor law

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American union leader and one of the founding members of the Industrial Workers of the World

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Workers sought to keep Carnegie Steel from disbanding the union, cutting wages, and scaling back workers' control in the workplace

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violent confrontation between police and labor protesters in Chicago on May 4, 1886 after someone threw a bomb at police

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organize skilled workers into national unions consisting of others in the same trade for shorter hours, higher wages, and better working conditions for all

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founded the American Federation of Labor and was their president

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Leader of the Knights of Labor

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Labor union that included all workers, that worked to replace capitalism with workers' cooperatives. in other words, they were Socialists

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a political and economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole

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negotiation of wages and other conditions of employment by an organized body of employees

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town whose inhabitants are mainly dependent on one company for employment, housing, supplies

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a shop or factory in which employees work for long hours at low wages and under unhealthy conditions

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outlawed any trust that operated in restraint of trade or commerce among the several states

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monitored railroad shipping rates that crossed state lines

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life of humans in society was a struggle for existence ruled by “survival of the fittest" and the most fit has the most wealth

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steel tycoon and one of the wealthiest businessmen of 19th century because of vertical integration

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a group of separate companies that are placed under the control of a single managing board in order to form a monopoly

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the exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a commodity or service. For example, if Walmart grew so big and bought target, price chopper and all the other big grocery stores, they could control all prices because they don't have any competition

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companies that acquire a company that operates either before or after the acquiring company in the production process

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companies that acquire a similar company in the same industry

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Ohio oil tycoon who made agreements with railroads that made it difficult for his competitors to ship their products

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an association of manufacturers or suppliers with the purpose of maintaining prices at a high level and restricting competition (drug cartel)

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A number of people share the ownership of a business

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A crop produced for its commercial value rather than for use by the grower.

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Using machines to develop large amount of products quickly and inexpensively

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a range of longitudes where a common standard time is used.

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bridges in which the railway is suspended by steel cables

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Purifying iron to make strong, light weight steel

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Inventor of the light bulb who established a research lab in Menlo Park NJ

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A grant by the Federal Government giving an inventor the exclusive right to develop, use and sell an invention for a set period of time

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Taxes that made imported good more costly than those made in the United States

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Abstention by governments from interfering in the workings of the free market

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The freedom to run a business for profit with minimal regulation beyond what is necessary to protect the public interest

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People who build and manage businesses or enterprises to make a profit