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https://youtu.be/o0neRQzudzw

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Carl Rogers (1902-1987)A humanistic psychologist who agreed with the main assumptions of Maslow, but added that for a person to "grow", they need an environment that provides them with genuineness (openness and self-disclosure), acceptance (being seen with unconditional positive regard), and empathy (being listened to and understood).  

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Carl Rogers (1902-1987)A humanistic psychologist who agreed with the main assumptions of Maslow, but added that for a person to "grow", they need an environment that provides them with genuineness (openness and self-disclosure), acceptance (being seen with unconditional positive regard), and empathy (being listened to and understood).  

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- Self Actualization
- The Fully Functioning Person
- Personality Development
- Congruence

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Maslow's (1943, 1954) hierarchy of needs is a motivational theory in psychology comprising a five tier model of human needs, often depicted as hierarchical levels within a pyramid.

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Maslow's (1943, 1954) hierarchy of needs is a motivational theory in psychology comprising a five tier model of human needs, often depicted as hierarchical levels within a pyramid.

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It is important to note that Maslow's (1943, 1954) five stage model has been expanded to include cognitive and aesthetic needs (Maslow, 1970a) and later transcendence needs (Maslow, 1970b). This new needs have been highlighted below.

1. Biological and Physiological needs - air, food, drink, shelter, warmth, sex, sleep, etc.

2. Safety needs - protection from elements, security, order, law, stability, etc.

3. Love and belongingness needs - friendship, intimacy, trust and acceptance, receiving and giving affection and love. Affiliating, being part of a group (family, friends, work).

4. Esteem needs - self-esteem, achievement, mastery, independence, status, dominance, prestige, managerial responsibility, etc.

5. Cognitive needs - knowledge and understanding, curiosity, exploration, need for meaning and predictability.

6. Aesthetic needs - appreciation and search for beauty, balance, form, etc.

7. Self-Actualization needs - realizing personal potential, self-fulfillment, seeking personal growth and peak experiences.

8. Transcendence needs - helping others to achieve self actualization.

Link and video:

http://www.simplypsychology.org/maslow.html

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Carol Dweck is responsible for promoting the psychological mindset approach to learning. 

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Carol Dweck is responsible for promoting the psychological mindset approach to learning. 

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There are two basic mindsets. The 'fixed' mindset and the 'growth mindset'.  A fixed mindset prevents  development and change whereas the growth mindset is the starting point for change.

1.A fixed mindset is something a student will feel is fixed and that they can’t change. This can be true for those who are labelled as a genius but then don’t follow up with that designation. Example cited of a ‘Fixed Mindset’ is John McEnroe who only played to win and would then provide excuses if he didn’t. This is a pessimistic view of human development.  A fixed mindset encourages a student to prove themselves over and over again, that you only have a certain intelligence of moral character.

Every situation therefore is evaluated by the fixed mindset whether they will succeed or fail.  Will they look good or dumb. It is too fixed on success.

2. A growth mindset is not the opposite of this but a starting point. This doesn’t mean that anyone could become a Mozart, Einstein or a Muhammed Ali but that should not be a barrier as there is no knowing where you can go with a learning mindset.

Therefore the growth mindset is based on the belief that you basic qualities can be cultivated through your own efforts. Nothing ventured, nothing gained. People misestimate their abilities.

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Carol Dweck
Growth Mindset

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Abraham Maslow
Hierarchy of Needs & Self-actualisation

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Carl Rogers
Person centred and Core Conditions