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Food allergies are an adverse immune response to a food that has been eaten.
The immune system tries to protect the body by producing antibodies to that food.

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Symptoms of an alergic reaction can vary from:
-digestive problems
-skin rashes
-hives
-swollen airways
-breathing difictulties

A serious and potentially life threatning allergic reaction is known as anaphylaxis.
Symptoms of anaphylaxis include:
-swollen airways
-serious breathing difficulties
-a decrease in blood pressure
-loss of consciousness
-in severe cases, death

Children who expereience an anaphylactic reaction usually have an EpiPen readily available (an injection of epinephrine) to help prevent the reaction become life threatening

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Behavioral:
Breastfeeding-
Protective-

Exclusive breastfeeding in the first four to six months of a child's life can protect against the development of food allergies in early childhood (Breastfeeding).

Risk- If the child does not breast feed they are more likely in the future to develop food allergies.

Early commence of solid foods
Risk- Starting a child on solid foods earlier than recommended can increase the risk of developing food allergies in early childhood (Accidental consumption of food).
Protective- Not giving a child solids foods in the early stages of childhood will help reduce the risk of developing allergies.

Accidental consumption of foods causing an allergic response
Protective- Children must be taught not to take food from other children and consume only the foods that has been specifically prepared for them. Being educated will help prevent the risk of this happening.
Risk- If the child is not educated on their specific allergy is a risk. If they have not been taught about the risk of eating other peoples foods, the child increases their risk of having an allergic reaction.

Physical-
Availability of foods causing allergic response.

Risk- Where children have access to foods, they are allergic to there is an increased risk of an allergic response.
Protective-

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Risk- children who have access to foods they are allergic to can have a risk of suffering from an allergic reaction.

protective- Family and friends should be aware of the symptoms that allergies can cause, it is important that they accommodate to their dietary requirements in order to prevent  an allergic reaction.

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1. Education:
Protective-
Parents who do have adequate information can help prevent an allergic reaction. With parents who have a child with anaphylaxis can do so with an EpiPen.

Risk-
Parents who do not have the adequate information and the understanding of the necessary precautions of their child's allergy, especially with those with anaphylaxis, increases the risk of their child expereinceing an allergic reaction.

2. Family:
Protective-
Family who are aware of the child's food alergy can help prevent an allergic reaction by avoiding the foods when cooking and serving.

Risk-
Those who are not immediant family of the child may not be aware of the their food alergy which can increase the risk of an alergic reaction if they were to serve a dish that the child is allergic to.

3.Access to health care:
Protective- Parents with easy access to health care can require an EpiPen to help prevent an anaphylactic reaction become life threatening. Those who do have an anaphylactic reaction, are able to be monitored in a medical facilty to ensure that they have effectively recovered.

Risk-
Family who may not have the ability to access health care can put the child at risk of preventing an alergic reaction especially with those with anaphylaxis. A child who may experirence an anaphylatic reaction will need medical attention if the family does not own an EpiPen which can become life threatening to the child.

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Age at child's first food reaction, by allergen, children who have had a food reaction, B and K cohort, Wave 4

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The immune system tries to protect the body by producing antibodies to that food.
Children who have an anaphylactic reaction require to have an injection of epinephrine (EpiPen), this then helps prevent the reaction from becoming life threatening.

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Age:
Risk- As you get older the food allergies could disappear (Biological).
Protective- By learning about the importance of using the EpiPen, it could reduce the risk of preventing life threatening reactions.

Genetic Predisposition:
Risk- Children who have one family member with one or more allergic diseases, including asthma and eczema, have a 20 - 40 percent of developing a food allergy.

Protective - The family should take into consideration of there allergies due to the high percentage and should therefore check if there child has any allergies.