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Countries from Europe such as Austria, Prussia, Russia, England and France met at the Congress of Vienna to set up rules and borders for countries In Europe.

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Franco war was defeated by Prussia. France lost a lot of their lands and were forced to pay money to Prussia. Because of this Prussia grab of land, economic gain, and victory Prussia grew stronger and became the German Empire, France felt weak and in need of a partner,  so Russia agreed to be Frances ally in 1892, 21- 22 years after the Franco Prussian war. Other countries such as England were also worried that Germany was getting too strong, which as a result of this England also became allies with France and Russia.

Allies: France, Russia and England.

Date of when they became Alliances: 1892, 21-22 years after Franco Prussian War

Result of Franco Prussian war:  Prussia becoming stronger and becoming the German Empire, France losing lands and money but leading to the alliance with Russia, and England.

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1908 Alliance between German Empire and Austria-Hungary, 

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1908 Alliance between German Empire and Austria-Hungary, 

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Austria and Russia wanted control of lands in the balkans. Balkans included several countries like Serbia, Greece, Montenegro,Bulgaria, and Bosnia- Herzegovina. Austria wanted to show the Balkan countries it was strong and would respond to the crime of the murdered Emperor and his wive. But unfortunately Russia also wanted Balkan lands and Austria was not prepared for a war with Russia, So the emperor of Austria named as Franz  Josef, wrote a personal letter to Kaiser Wilhelm of Germany asking for his support. Wilhelm wrote back promising Germanys full support.

New allies: German Empire and Austria-Hungary

Countries objective: obtain Balkan lands

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1912 to 1913 Balkan league vs Ottoman Turks war

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1912 to 1913 Balkan league vs Ottoman Turks war

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Balkan league, The Balkan league was a league of countries which worked together which were Serbia, Greece, Montenegro, and Bulgaria. The Balkan league went in back to back Balkan wars with the Ottoman Turks (1912 and 1913), they (referring to the ottoman Turks) got control of more Balkan lands located  from the Ottoman Empire.

Balkan league: Serbia, Greece, Montenegro, and Bulgaria

Balkan league vs ottoman Turks war: started 1912 and ended 1913 ottoman Turks won and which gave the Ottoman Empire more Balkan lands located far away from their empire.

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1914 Beginning of WW1(World War 1) and Death of the Emperor of the Austria-Hungary

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1914 Beginning of WW1(World War 1) and Death of the Emperor of the Austria-Hungary

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On June 28,1914 a 19 year old Serbian named Gavrilo Princip killed Archduke Franz Ferdinand who was the Emperor of the Austria- Hungary Empire. This assassination set off a chain of events that would lead to the start of WW1.

How Franz Ferdinand died: Franz was a great friend of Kaiser Wilhelm ( The emperor of Germany.) He met with him in June 1914 to discuss about the tense situation in the balkans. Weeks later on June 28th  Franz and his wife named Sophie came to inspect the army in Bosnia- Herzegovina. A young 19 year old Serbian named Gavrilo Princip was part of the young Bosnia movement but hated Austria-Hungary and wanted to join Serbia. The royal couple was touring the city in an open car. One Serb threw a bomb at their car, but it rolled of the back of the vehicle thus wounding an army officer and some bystanders. Later, Franz car took a wrong near where princip occasionally happened to be. Princip seeing his chance and opportunity he couldn’t just let it pass so he fired at the car assassinating Franz and Sophie. He tried then to kill himself but couldn’t after he was tackled and held until the police arrived. Because of that Franz archduke and his wive Sophie died within an hour.

Allies: As 1914 began, the German Empire and Austria- Hungary were allies. France, England and Russia had their own alliance, so this meant any conflict in Europe could lead to the start of the war.

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1914 Military Alliances, Triple Entente/Allied Powers

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1914 Military Alliances, Triple Entente/Allied Powers

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Allies: German and Austria- Hungary

France, Russia and England had their own separate alliance

Triple alliance: Italy, Austria-Hungary, and the German Empire.

Triple Entente: Russia, France, Algeria, United Kingdom, Morocco,

Slavic allies of Russia: Serbia, Montenegro

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Over the next 4 years, the Great War more commonly known now as WW1 would grow to involve more countries like, Italy, japan, Middle East, And United States. 20 million soldiers died or went missing, 21 million more were wounded, millions of which fell victim to the flu epidemic that the war helped spread. The war ended the reigns of royal leaders in Germany, Austria and Turkey and also led to the Russian Revolution that ended the rule of the czar. At the end an uneasy peace was signed in Versailles, France in 1919. Tensions began to grow. Over the next 20 years and who knew tat it would lead to another devastating and appealing world war in 1939.

Treaty signed date: 1919

Deaths of soldiers: 20 million
Wounded soldiers: 21 million
Infected flu soldiers: Millions but exact number is unknown

Result of WW1: A lot of deaths, terminating reigns of royal leaders in Germany, Austria-Hungary and turkey, Led to Russian revolution which ended the rule of czar and an uneasy peace treaty.

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I learned about some sorts of events that broke the chain to start WW1. I learned about the Balkan league, and their battles against the ottoman Turks, I also learned about the Franco Prussian war which converted Prussia into the German Empire leading to France having an alliance with Russia and England. I also learned what the congress of Vienna was. And I learned about the Great War (WW1)  and what was the result of it and about the Treaty of Versailles.