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Providing a rich literacy environment for students with cognitive disabilities is essential for literacy acquisition . Educators can model and engage students in rich conversations during  large group, small group, and one-to-one settings. Educator must expand children’s language in a more descriptive form. Such as, “That is a big red ballon,” instead of “That is a balloon”

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Level books is another issue educadores should stay away from. Students confidence maybe affected as they see other students move up from levels while they stay behind. This transmits a sense of inferiority to students who remain in the same level.

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There is equity issue in reading programs conducted in the classroom. The use of flashcards as a means to teach reading is not not useful tools for student develop literacy skills. Educators must consider the diverse learning styles of each student and modify the curriculum  to tailor the students learning needs.

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educatores must consider that the way student approach literacy in school, is based on the models of literacy they bring from home.

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Mayra Isla

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Mayra Isla

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Mayra Isla
Semantics: Meaning
Syntax: Grammar
Graphophonemics: Sounds
Pragmatics: Social Practices

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Mayra Isla
Theoretical model states that reading happens when semantics, Syntax, graphophonemics, and pragmatics work together in coordination.

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Mayra Isla
These activities are based on the letters of the alphabet to promote their identification. Children start to feel identify with the first letter of their names. Educators can use magnetic letters, ABC books, alphabet blocks, puzzles, and charts.

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Mayra Isla
Playing games and listening to stories, poems,and songs that involve rhyming, alliteration, and sound matching help to increase children's phonological awareness. the book Fox in Socks is a great book that make children be aware of the many words that rhyme and words that sound the same.

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Mayra Isla
Phonological awareness is defined as the ability to understand that spoken words are made up of a series of sound. Phonological awareness helps students to understand the connections between spoken and written language, but the main focus is on the sounds of our language.

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Reutzel and Clark (2011) explain that the physical arrangement and organization of a classroom can be powerful and supportive of effective
literacy instruction.

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physical arrangement and organization of a classroom can be powerful and supportive of effective literacy instruction. Literate environments should motivate students and emphasize the importance of speaking, reading, and writing 

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-Maria Mendez
As students participate in in a rich literacy activity they learn that words have meanings. Reading books are an excellent tool to enhance writing skills. After reading a text, students can express their understanding through writing. For ELL's this can be done in their native language. Therefore, they will be enhancing their writing skills in their reflections.

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How teachers can help children from diverse communities?

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How teachers can help children from diverse communities?

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-Maria Mendez
The first thing teacher need to do is learn about the student's cultural background. Knowing their patterns of interactions with literacy, they will be able to integrate them during literacy activities. Therefore, students will be encourage to construct their own knowledge of literacy using their own cultural practices.

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-Maria Mendez
Helping students to create a culture of reading by selecting books of their interest and sharing with others their understandings. Making reading something enjoyable and worth doing.

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How reading influences diverse communities? 

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How reading influences diverse communities? 

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-Maria Mendez
The children's response to literature in schools relates to their cultural experiences with literacy at home. Every community has it's own unique way of reading books and the role that the participants play during the readings. Some teachers in school consider that when student constantly interrupt during the reading or can stay still they are not taking part in the reading. For some communities such behavior means that they are actively listening and they are interested and making connections with the reading. Therefore, there are many ways of how children from different communities (African-American, Hispanic, Native-Americans) interact during reading activities.

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How  can educators teach Reading with Literature?

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How  can educators teach Reading with Literature?

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-Maria Mendez
Educators can analyze the illustrations on the books, make predictions of what they think will happen in the book and discuss vocabulary words throughout the reading.