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A gladiator (Latin: gladiator, "swordsman", from gladius, "sword") was an armed combatant who entertained audiences in the Roman Republic and Roman Empire in violent confrontations with other gladiators, wild animals, and condemned criminals. ... The origin of gladiatorial combat is open to debate.

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Retiarius, Secutor, Samnite, Provocator, Murmillo, Thraex, Eques, Hoplomachus, Andabata, Dimachaerus, Essedarius, Meridiani, Gladiatrix, Cestus.

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Weapons used by some gladiators included knives and swords, shields, and helmets. The use of the weapons was taught at a professional school called a ludus.

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Calisthenics or body weight exercises were a huge part of gladiator training. Common calisthenics exercises that were also performed by gladiators include: push ups, sit-ups, lunges, jumping jacks, crunches, pull ups, squats, dips, planks…

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In ancient Rome, gladiator fights occurred as a form of entertainment (like modern day sports). Gladiators would fight to the death, sometimes accompanied by animals, to entertain the masses of Rome.

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The games were so popular that successful gladiators could become extremely rich and very famous. As a result, while most gladiators were condemned criminals, slaves or prisoners of war, some were freedmen who chose to fight, either as a way to achieve fame and fortune, or simply because they enjoyed it.

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As the two gladiators circle each other, each knows that his objective is to maim or trap his opponent rather than to kill him quickly. What's more, the fight must last long enough to please the crowd. The gladiators jab swords and swing maces. They sweat in the hot sun.

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An example

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An example of what cestus would look like