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We live in a world of constant growth everywhere but some aspects of our society are growing with a slower rate. We can see this slow growth in some parts , one of them being Orissa. We all are familiar with the concept of caste system and are against it. But certain groups of people think the opposite. Lets take an example of one of these groups found in Orissa, in the village of Kantio Kateni, all the Dalits faced social boycott just because a 15 year old girl plucked a flower from the garden of a high born. They were denied ration and barred from attending social events. Is plucking a flower a crime if a Dalit does it? Orissa maybe ahead in many field but social equality is not one of them, at least for now. Orissa Government is really working hard to advance in this field too. Recently a panel for backward classes was setup, the government also removed developed castes from the OBC list so that the cast still needing extra support will be benefitted more. Due to this hard work this slow developing field will soon be developed enough so that social backwardness will be thing of the past.    

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What is Child Marriage? Child marriage means when the girl below the age of 18 is married to a boy who is below the age of 21.Child Marriage is a rampant practice in India. It is a human right violation that directly impacts the life of the girl and the boy, be it educational or social and places them at high risk of exploitation, and abuse.  Child marriage negatively affects the Indian economy and can lead to an intergenerational cycle of poverty. 27% of girls in India are married before their 18th birthday and 7% are married before the age of 15. According to UNICEF, India has the highest absolute number of child brides in the world – 15,509,000. Child Marriage rates in India are estimated to be 30 percent in 2005. Rural rates of child marriages were three times higher than urban India rates in 2009. Jharkhand is the state with highest child marriage rates in India (14.1%). In India's 2001 census report, India stated zero married girls below the age of 10, 1.4 million married girls out of 59.2 million girls aged 10–14, and 11.3 million married girls out of 46.3 million girls aged 15–19. In the last four decades, incidence of child marriage has decreased from 41% to 32% according to the Hindustan Times. It is still continued in the tribals in Andhra-Odisha border, Telangana and in other poverty stricken rural areas.

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This law was amended in 1978, wherein the legal age of marriage of girls was raised from 15 to 18 years and of boys from 18 to 21 years. The amended law was known as the Child Marriage Restraint Act, 1929.

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Girls and boys married as children more likely lack the skills, knowledge and job prospects needed to lift their families out of poverty and contribute to their country's social and economic growth.

This can be very stressful. There are also severe reproductive and health risks, abuse of victims' human rights and a high risk of contracting sexually transmitted diseases. Some experts also report an association between child marriage and poor health, teenage pregnancy, high child mortality and low agency. Early marriage makes completing education almost impossible for girls. In most developing countries, it is extremely difficult for girls to remain in school once they get married. As a result, child marriage reduces the likelihood that girls will complete their secondary education.

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The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 consolidated the anti-dowry laws which had been passed on certain states. This legislation provides for a penalty in section 3 if any person gives, takes or abets giving or receiving of dowry. The punishment could be imprisonment for minimum 5 years and a fine more than ₹15,000 or the value of the dowry received, whichever is higher.

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What is female infanticide? It is the killing of female child before even being born, imagine being killed just because of you are of a particular gender. Not getting the right to even to open your eyes to the see the world. 'Girls are an unaffordable economic burden' people say. Why? because their families have to spend everything that they have for the girl's wedding. There are laws against taking and giving of dowry, but not enough awareness. 1500 sex-tested girls are aborted in Mumbai alone! at least 1,27,71,043 sex selective abortions have taken place in India from between 2000 and 2014. Female child population in the age group of 0-6 years has declined from 78.83 million in 2001 to 75.84 million in 2011.The sex ratio is 112 males/100 females. There is a law against this,Section 315 of the penal code defines infanticide as a crime. But the weak law enforcement and easy access to ultrasonography fail to curb this practice.People would rather travel to a foreign country to check if it is a girl or not by spending a lot of money but they won't invest this money into their education! We need to change the mindset, we have to spread awareness and make India a better country for women.

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There are thousands of castes which are being discriminated for example the famous caste DALITS who have been a long victim to a caste-based system of social hierarchy that regards them as ‘untouchables’, comprise around 17 per cent of India’s total population.While caste-based discrimination was outlawed in 1955, the social phenomenon of caste persists and is imparted through birth. As a result, Dalits still face severe hardship and exclusion from mainstream society, with prejudicial attitudes and practices underlying much of Indian society today.Even though many laws have been imposed on caste discrimination by our gov but it is still practiced in many parts of India.Like in a rural area in Bihar, a woman was not allowed to sit in a panchayat meeting s she was of a lower caste. Like this there are thousands of cases of caste discrimation which are unnoticed.

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Belief in witchcraft, is considered to be around, since the beginning of human social existence. It has been well depicted, documented and believed that witchcraft has mainly been a feminine affair and had been and is still being practiced mostly by females. Alleged of causing detrimental influences, such women are trialled, branded as witches and thereafter hounded, banished, flogged, raped, burnt alive and in most of the cases, ruthlessly murdered. It has been a predominant cultural phenomenon in almost all existent communities of the globe, including India, especially those residing in the states of Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal. The death of a child, a disease outbreak, lousy weather, and a poor harvest are just a couple of reasons why women might be accused.On average, an Indian woman is “killed every other day after being accused of witchcraft, according to government statistics.”

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By Anvit