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The Fourteenth Amendment is being violated because the African Americans are being treated unfair. The amendment says we are basically supposed to be treated equally and that is not happening.

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Challenged the local laws or individuals that enforced segregation by riding interstate buses in the South in mixed racial groups, sit-ins, peaceful protests, etc. which provoked the credibility of the Civil Rights Movement.

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It held that bus transportation was sufficiently related to interstate commerce to allow the US federal government to regulate it to forbid racial discrimination in the industry.
https://www.oyez.org/cases/1960/7

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Sit-ins against segregated lunch counters, conducted by youth throughout the south.

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The Congress of Racial Equality, founded in 1942. This organization was one of the leading activist organizations in the early years of the American Civil Rights movement. Initially it embraced a nonviolent approach of fighting racial segregation.
https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/congress-of-racial-equality

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A Baptist minister who co-funded the SCLC and was a close adviser to Martin Luther King Jr.

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https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/freedom-rides
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_Riders

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A Baptist Minister who was on of the top leaders of the Civil Right Movement, working with Martin Luther King Jr. and SCLC.

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Freedom Riders were groups of white and African Americans civil right activist who participated in Freedom Rides, bus trips through the American South in 1961 to protest segregated bus terminals. Freedom Riders tried to use ¨whites-only¨ restrooms and lunch counters at bus stations in Alabama, South Carolina and other Southern states. The groups were confronted by arresting police officers-as well as horrific violence from white protesters- along their routes, but also drew international attention to their cause