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The basic idea of copyright is that people who create things, such as movies, novels, poems, or music, own the rights to those things. Other people cannot use them without permission.

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If a creation does not have copyright protection, people are free to use it any way they see fit. They can sell the creation, make changes to it, or do anything else with it. Some people may choose to publish their creations into the public domain as soon as they make it; other creations may come into the public domain because they were created before 1923 or if the copyright expired.

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There are some circumstances in which copyrighted creations can be used without permission, such education, news reporting, or writing criticisms. In music, sampling is also allowed. Sampling is taking pieces of songs and turning them into something new.

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If someone uses another person's copyrighted creation without permission, that person had committed copyright infringement. This is a crime and can have very serious consequences.

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Usually, copyrights last for the life of the person who created the item, plus 70 years past his or her death.  The length of copyright can change due to many factors, such as when exactly the creation was published.  Also, copyright laws change frequently and may also change the length of the copyright.

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When Obama ran for president in 2008, a stylized poster of him with the word HOPE prominently displayed became very popular.  It was created by artist  Shephard Fairey.  A little over a year after the HOPE poster came out, it was discovered that the poster is based on a photograph by Associated Press freelance photographer  Mannie Garcia. The Associated Press wanted compensation for the use of the photograph; Fairey said it was fair use, because his poster did not decrease the value of the original photograph. Who was right?

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In the mid-1980s, photographer Art Rogers took a photograph of a couple holding puppies and used the image to make post cards. Artist Jeff Koons created sculptures inspired by the photograph and sold them for a large profit. Rogers sued Koons for copyright infringement; Koons claimed it was fair use by parody. Who was right?