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They provide and estimated count of fish stock size in bodies of water- Marine Institute (2019)

3 counter types- resistivity and infrared and optical

CCTV or image capturing technology are often partnered with counters Hernandez-Ontiveros, J. M. (2018)

Necessary in aquaculture farming- provide inventory, count, production  Hernandez-Ontiveros, J. M. (2018)

One of the most fundamental tools for hatchery/fish farm success Fan, L. (2013)

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94-98% accurate counting according to some studies when checked with digital image processing to help ID species and size. Hernandez-Ontiveros, J. M. (2018)

Efficient counting method

Decrease human error in counts

Increase counting success when fish overlap. Fan, L. (2013)

Decrease stress on fish during count Karplus, I. (2005)

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A short video showing how they work

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Fisheries

Departments performing biological studies- ie DNR, USFWS, forest preserves

Aquaculture farming

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Dunkley, D. A. & Shearer, W. M. (1982). An assessment of the performance of a resistivity fish counter. Journal of Fish Biology, 20, 717-737.

Fan, L. & Liu, Y. (2013). Automate fry counting using computer vision and multi-class least squares support vector machine. Aquaculture, 380, 91-98.

Hernandez-Ontiveros, J. M., Inzunza-Gonzalez, E., Garcia-Guerrero, E. E., Lopez-Bonilla, O. R., Infante-Prieto, S. O., Cardenas-Valdez, J. R., & Tlelo-Cuautle, E. (2018). Development and implementation of a fish counter by using an embedded system. Computer and Electronics in Agriculture, 145, 53-62.

Karplus, I., Alchanatis, V., & Zion, B. (2005). Guidance of groups of guppies (Poecilia reticulata) to allow sorting by computer vision. Aquacultural Engineering, 32, 509-520. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2004.09.009

Kindschi, G. A. & Barrows, F. T. (1991). Evaluation of an Electronic Counter for Walleye Fry. The Progressive Fish-Culturist, 53, 180-183.

Marine Institute. 2019. Retrieved from https://www.marine.ie/Home/site-area/areas-activity/fisheries-ecosystems/fish-counters

Sheppard, J. J. & Bednarski, M. S. (2015). Utility of Single-Channel Electronic Resistivity Counters for Monitoring River Herring Populations. North American Journal of Fisheries Management, 35, 1144-1151.

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Simultaneous passage of fish decreases the accuracy of the counter. Single channel counters increase count accuracy. Sheppard, J. J. (2015)

Documentation that the counter counted even when no fish went through  or only counted 1 when multiple fish went through Dunkley, D. A. (1982)

"The sensitivity of the counter varied inversely with water conductivity which varied inversely with discharge" Dunkley, D. A. (1982)

Water must be clear or debris could be counted Kindschi, G. A. (1991)