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The silhouette or overall form of outline of an outfit

Results from the cut & construction of a garment

The most flattering silhouettes emphasize and accent good features and hide the less attractive ones

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Fashion Design Fundamentals - Element of Shape

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This book has been designed to introduce and demonstrate the use of the Element of Shape or Silhouette in Fashion Design. Illustrated examples can be printed up poster size for use and discussion in the classroom environment by students and lecturers alike.

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A distinct, elongated mark as if drawn by a pen

Lead the path of eye movement: up & down, side to side, around the object

Decorative line- created by adding details to the surface of clothing

Line types & directions- Straight, curved, or jagged.

Different directions: vertical, horizontal, diagonal.

Straight lines- bold & severe. All clothes have some straight lines(edges of pant legs, or bottom of hemmed skirt of pants)

Curved lines- rounded and circular or flatter with a gentle curve. Appear to be soft, gentle, and youthful. Accent natural of the body.

Jagged lines- change direction abruptly in zigzag patterns.

Vertical lines- up & down. Impression of added height and slimness.

Horizontal lines- side to side. impression of less height and more width.

Diagonal lines- on a slant

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There are many instances of lines in fashion design. The creation of a garment means that there will be seam lines to hold fabric sections together, the outline of a garment's silhouette is another line, and lines in the fabric, which make up various patterns, must also be considered. Lines in any of these cases can be straight or curved. Seam lines and lines in patterns that run vertically will flatter a petite woman more than horizontal lines. Asymmetrical lines, such as chevron-striped fabric in a garment can also be flattering to a short woman, depending on their placement.

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The Four Basic Elements of Fashion Design

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There are many instances of lines in fashion design. The creation of a garment means that there will be seam lines to hold fabric sections together, the outline of a garment's silhouette is another line, and lines in the fabric, which make up various patterns, must also be considered.

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The tactile quality of goods, or how the surface of a material feels and looks

Can be described as: smooth, rough, dull, shiny, soft, or lightweight

Partially determines by the fibers, yarns, & method of construction of fabric- called structural texture

Finishes & designs applied to the surface are added visual texture.

One main texture is often used with trim or an accessory having an accent texture

Added visual texture is often more noticeable than structural texture.

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Produces equality among the parts of a design or outfit.

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Symmetrical- one side just like the other

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Created balance with an asymmetrical arrangement of design details

Parts are placed unequally from the center

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Balance is the concept of visual equilibrium, and relates to our physical sense of balance. It is a reconciliation of opposing forces in a composition that results in visual stability. Most successful compositions achieve balance in one of two ways: symmetrically or asymmetrically .

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The spatial or size relationship of all the parts in a design to each other & to the whole

Most pleasing when divided unevenly

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There are a number of techniques that a fashion designer may use to place emphasis on a feature of a garment or a fashion accessory. Such techniques may include the addition of embellishment, cut-outs, ruffles, peplums, and so on. Use of color and its placement is another way to create emphasis, making some areas stand out more than others.

Exaggerated or unusual designs, such as the leg-o-mutton sleeves that were popular on 1980s wedding gowns, also create emphasis, highlighting a particular area. Knowing about emphasis, which can be part of the design itself or emphasis on the body because of the way a garment is designed, can help any woman when she is selecting a garment or fashion accessory. For example, if a woman wants to showcase her shoulders, she may select a strapless top or dress. If she wants to highlight her cleavage, she may select a gown with a deep V-neckline.

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The Four Basic Principles of Fashion Design

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There are a number of techniques that a fashion designer may use to place emphasis on a feature of a garment or a fashion accessory. Such techniques may include the addition of embellishment, cut-outs, ruffles, peplums, and so on. Use of color and its placement is another way to create emphasis, making some areas stand out more than others.

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Concentration of interest in a particular part or area of a design

The center of interest or what is seen first

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Every garment is uniquely designed keeping the wearer in mind. But there are few fundamentals that set specific directions when it comes to designing. As a designer, you have to visualise on how to apply these principles. The principles of fashion design include Unity, Balance, Proportion, Emphasis, and Rhythm.

Therefore, when it comes to fashion designing, every designer has to smartly combine these principles and use them to enhance the look of a garment. For example, the actual beauty of dress comes out only when it has beautiful work, eye-catching colour, perfect pattern, etc. All these elements can be achieved only when these principles are applied in a creative manner.

Let us understand each of these principles in detail:
Proportion
Proportion is one of the most important principles of design, especially when applied to a garment. It relates to different elements of a garment such as a number, size, and amount. For example, in fashion design classes, students are taught to sketch a body form keeping various body proportions in mind. The measurement of the head is small as compared to other parts of the body. Similarly, this concept is applied when designing a garment. Elements such as a collar, pocket, placket, hemline, etc. are designed in such a way that it is proportionate to one another.
Balance
Balance is another important principle of design. Balance again can be split into two- symmetrical and asymmetrical balance. Symmetrical balance is when you divide a garment horizontally or vertically, it appears the same. On the other hand, asymmetrical balance can be defined when a garment has unequal sides or does not appear the same.

Most designers apply asymmetrical balance on formal clothing such as evening gowns. This style adds a chic look and lots of drama to the attire.

In popular fashion designing institutes such as Hamstech, students get to showcase their collections on the ramp. As they prepare for the big event, they are closely monitored and mentored by experts on how to apply these principles creatively in each of their collection.
Unity
Unity, as the name says it, is the harmony between all the principles. Unity refers to the overall look in a garment. For example, take a blue skirt detailing like a pocket. Here unity would refer to the colour, size and detail which create a sense of harmony. At a glance, the skirt appears complete.
Emphasis
Emphasis refers to one particular element in a garment that is exaggerated. An example here would be an evening gown that has a huge flower or a bow on it. Here, the prominent element is the huge flower or bow which is emphasised on the gown. This is something that stands out from the rest of the elements used in the gown. This element instantly grabs your attention.

In fashion designing courses, topics such as elements and principles of design help students understand and implement these elements in their collection.
Rhythm
The last principle is rhythm. The smooth flow of lines, texture, colour, shape, pattern, etc. in a garment is referred as rhythm. When you take a look at a garment that has horizontal or vertical lines artistically arranged, it creates a flow. Similarly, this principle can be applied to a colour, print, etc.

Very often people face problems when it comes to dressing. You can take advantage of these principles in your daily styling.

These principles when applied smartly, can enhance the look of a person. For example, a petite woman must choose garments that are proportionate to her height and weight. She must avoid wearing garments that are loose as they appear unflattering. Instead, she must choose patterns and designs that balance her upper and lower body. Similarly, a woman with a heavy upper body must avoid garments that lay emphasis on the shoulder, bust or neckline. Emphasis like a heavy embroidery or a design would make her look heavier. She can choose tiny prints or dark colours that take the attention away from her upper body.

As you get to understand each of these principles, you'll enjoy designing every element of a garment. As a fun assignment, you can do a quick run through your own closet. You'll be amazed to know how well you can identify the principles.

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A New Light on Principles of Fashion Design - Hamstech Blog

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Every garment is uniquely designed keeping the wearer in mind. But there are few fundamentals that set specific directions when it comes to designing. As a designer, you have to visualise on how to apply these principles. The principles of fashion design include Unity, Balance, Proportion, Emphasis, and Rhythm.

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Encourages the viewer's eye to move steadily and smoothly through the lines and spaces of the design from one part to another