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The Roman consul Cicero charging the aristocrat Catiline with plotting to overthrow the government.

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The earliest settlers arrives in Italy in the prehistoric times and three groups fought for control of the land.

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Myth - Romulus and Remus founded this area but it's actually human who found it.

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An Etruscan became the King of Rome and Rome grew from villages into a city.

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A tyrant, Tarquin the Proud, was driven from power, marking the last king of Rome.

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Tarquin the Proud: The Last King of the Romans

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A group of ten officials wrote Rome's law on the Twelves Tables.

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Romans dominated central Italy and defeated the Etruscan to the north and the south.

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Romans owned almost all of Italy.

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Punic wars (Rome vs Carthage)
First war (264 - 241 B.C.E) <23 years> = Rome won.
Second war (218 B.C.E.) = Carthage won (216 B.C.E)
Third war = Rome won.

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Carthage was set on fire and 50,000 citizens were sold as slaves. The area was made a part of Roman.

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Rome’s Mediterranean empire stretched from Anatolia in the east to Spain in the west.

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Detail from The Course of Empire: Consummation of Empire by Thomas Cole, 1836. Photograph

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Two brothers Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus attempted to help Rome’s slaves. The senators despise the idea + eliminate the brothers in a violent deaths—Tiberius in 133 B.C. and Gaius in 121 B.C.

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Julius Caesar joined force with Crassus and Pompey.

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Caesar was elected consul and dominate Rome with Pompey and Crassus for the next 10 years. Caesar led his legions to conquer all of Gaul and won his men's loyalty and devotion.

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The senate ordered Caesar to disband his legion but was refused.

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His army march across the Rubicon River in Italy and defeated Pompey's armies in Greece, Asia, Spain and Egypt.

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10th January 49 BCE: Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon River on his march to Rome

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Caesar returned to Rome. Supported by the army and the citizens, he was appointed dictator.

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Caesar was stabbed to death in the senate chamber and civil war broke out and destroyed the Roman Republic.

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Caesar's grandnephew, Octavian, and Mark Anthony, a powerful politician, took control of Rome.

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Antony and Cleopatra commit suicide.

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Peace spread across the nation and Empire Rome was at its peak of their power.

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Ancient Rome was at its apex from the second century BC through the second century AD. During the Pax Romana of the first and second centuries AD, Rome benefited from the expansion of its empire, with vast amounts of wealth and diverse cultural influences flooding into its borders.

What was Ancient Rome like? It had a little bit of everything.

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What It Was Like To Live In Ancient Rome During Its Golden Age

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Ancient Rome was at its apex from the second century BC through the second century AD. During the Pax Romana of the first and second centuries AD, Rome benefited from the expansion of its empire, with vast amounts of wealth and diverse cultural influences flooding into its borders.

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After Augustus death, a system of government that he made maintained the empire's stability even without his presence.

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Pompey and Herculaneum were buried in volcanic ash by Mount Vesuvius.

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There were 150 holidays a year!
One of the celebration day, the colosseum would be filled with rich and poor alike.

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Augustus was the most powerful ruler of the ancient world.

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The fall of the Roman Empire is depicted in this painting from the New York Historical Society. 

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The region of the emperor Marcus Aurelius - people in two centuries live in peace => the Pax Romana.

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Roman soldiers become less loyal and quality of army

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Roman's soldiers + economy = went down from being disturbed trading by the boundaries of pirate and empire

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Diocletian become the new emperor, his rule limited people personal freedom

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Diocletian retired

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First appear of Constantin who is the ambitious young commander that will stop a persecution of Christians later.

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Constantin gain all power of western part of the empire

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Constantin move the capital from Rome to Byzantium. This city is located for trading and defend purpose

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Why Romans transfer the Capital from Rome to Constantinople ?

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The hun, a group of fierce of Mongol move into the region and destroy wherever they go

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Roman survived 200 year and be divided into two part

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German come over Rome

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Attia is the first chieftain who unit the hun

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Rome was attacked by Attia's force but because of the lack of food and disease made them not succeed to conquer the city.

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No longer the attack by Attia's force because Attia was dead but the German keep invasion Rome.

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Romulus Augustulus , last roman emperor was ousted by German

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The empire fell to Ottoman Turks