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According to the Development Bureau, there are at least 380 hectares of brownfield sites in the SAR, while some experts estimate there are 800 hectares or morethere is no doubt the SAR has a huge number of them. If all these are used effectively, they can help resolve the city’s severe housing shortage.

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Prioritizing the development of brownfields is the best option, theoretically, because brownfield sites have been abandoned. But the development of these sites is obviously easier said than done. The ownership and transfer of title of brownfield sites for development is a complex issue. As mentioned, the owners’ consent has to be sought before the government can work on a suitable development plan. The most difficult part of that process is compensation. If private developers want to develop brownfield sites, they can acquire the land from the landlords at whatever price is agreed on. Private developers can always afford to pay a high price, because they can pass the high land costs on to future home buyers. But this changes when it comes to the development of public housing on brownfields. Hong Kong is a society where property rights are protected. The government cannot simply seize private property without paying adequate compensation. On the other hand, the government cannot pay a high price for brownfields. This impedes brownfield development.

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租金定於介乎綜援租金津貼最高金額及公屋租金之間，同時參考房委會租金援助計劃，租金水平不超過租戶入息25%，我們認為是合適。這水平已遠低於現在的違法劏房巿值租金了，再低的水平就難以吸引小業主加入，亦會影響計劃持續提供更多社會房屋的能力。如住戶有特別情況，營運機構自會想辦法為住戶張羅合適的支援。

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To deveilop brownfield sites, the process might face challenges and barriers on areas such as land resumption and clearance, compensation and relocation arrangements. Adequate infrastructural and community facilities are also required to support the brownfield development.

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The Community Housing Movement is a sharing economy which allows property owners to make their flats available to people in need of housing, Secretary for Labour & Welfare Dr Law Chi-kwong said today.

The project, launched by the Council of Social Service, will convert idle or underutilised flats provided by landlords into temporary housing for the grassroots.

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There is currently no formal or standard definition of brownfield sites in Hong Kong.The term generally refers to agricultural or rural land in the New Territories which is deserted and has been changed for open storage, container yards, depots, rural industries, recycling yards etc., of which the uses are incompatible with the surrounding environment.

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What is it about?
When will it adopt?
How?
Where?
Any current example?

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Evaluation - Is it an effective solution? 

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Evaluation - Is it an effective solution? 

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Hints: necessity?
effectiveness?
feasibility?
fairness?
resources availability?
short term? long term?
no. of people affected?

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Refers to the completion of the city, because the early lack of urban planning or buildings in disrepair, and make a comprehensive or partial re-construction or finishing and repair plans or works.

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such as Tuen Mun, Tai Po, Sha Tin, Ma On Shan, West Kowloon, Kwun Tong and Tseung Kwan O.

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such as Tuen Mun, Tai Po, Sha Tin, Ma On Shan, West Kowloon, Kwun Tong and Tseung Kwan O.

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Also, Hong Kong Disneyland Resort, Hong Kong International Airport, and its predecessor, Kai Tak Airport, were all built on reclaimed land

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「貨櫃屋」作過渡性房屋在歐洲及鄰

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「貨櫃屋」作過渡性房屋
在歐洲及鄰近的新加坡等地均都已有採用，且成效不錯，有別於香港過往只是在鐵皮內加裝冷氣的簡陋設計。他指外國的經驗已可做到適宜居住，部分建築更可超過20層樓高。
科學園或會以新技術建造樓高18層的「創新斗室」，為科學園租戶和培育公司提供500個面積約18平方米 、配以共用工作空間等設施的可租用住屋單位供員工或研究人員居住，月租介乎8,000元至10,000元。
Where?
黃竹坑 科學園

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HK government wants to convert fringe areas in the country parks instead of the hearts of country parks would mean we avoid messing with the environment.

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Approved document B, Fire Safety, Volume 2 – Buildings other than dwellinghouses, includes classifications of purpose groups for which buildings or compartments of a building are intended to be used.It defines industrial purposes as:Factories and other premises used for manufacturing, altering, repairing, cleaning, washing, breaking-up, adapting or processing any article; generating power or slaughtering livestock.

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Approved document B, Fire Safety, Volume 2 – Buildings other than dwellinghouses, includes classifications of purpose groups for which buildings or compartments of a building are intended to be used.It defines industrial purposes as:Factories and other premises used for manufacturing, altering, repairing, cleaning, washing, breaking-up, adapting or processing any article; generating power or slaughtering livestock.

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http://www.scmp.com/comment/insight-opinion/article/2023319/why-brownfield-sites-are-greener-option-housing-developmenthttp://www.scmp.com/comment/insight-opinion/article/2023319/why-brownfield-sites-are-greener-option-housing-development

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Launched by the Council of Social Service today, the three-year Community Housing Movement will convert idle or underutilised flats provided by landlords into temporary housing for the grassroots.

Set at less than 25% of the tenant's household income, the rent level will be between the maximum rent allowance provided by the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance Scheme and public housing rental.

A total of 26 landlords have contributed 332 housing units to the programme so far.

At least 34 units will be made available by year's end.

The project aims to provide 500 units for 1,000 households.

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http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/economy/article/2025361/hong-kong-brownfield-site-saga-rolls-calls-rise-banishhttp://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/economy/article/2025361/hong-kong-brownfield-site-saga-rolls-calls-rise-banish

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-solving the long waiting time of public housing
-cheap->easier to buy a house-> spend less money on housing-> buy other daily necessities -> higher Qof(economic ,material)
-less homeless people -> better society -> Qof(social aspect

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2007

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http://www.legco.gov.hk/research-publications/english/1617fs02-brownfield-development-20170116-e.pdfhttp://www.legco.gov.hk/research-publications/english/1617fs02-brownfield-development-20170116-e.pdf

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Advantages: More land has been made available for development. More buildings and infrastructure can be built, and also for other reasons.

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重建：指拆除原有建築物，重新建築，

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1. 重建：指拆除原有建築物，重新建築，同時進行住戶安置及改進區內公共設施，並得變更土地使用性質或使用密度。

2. 整建：指改建、修建更新地區內建築物或充實其設備，並改進區內公共設施。

3. 維護：指加強更新地區內土地使用及建築管理，改進區內公共設施、以保持其良好狀況。

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Kwun Tong

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the possibility of turning sections of country parks with low ecological value into land for housing

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https://zh.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%82%E5%8D%80%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0https://zh.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%82%E5%8D%80%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0

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Disadvantages: Much greenery has been removed in order for the land needed. Land reclamation can be damaging to corals and marine life. Corals are usually moved to another place when land is to be reclaimed.

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Sha Tin and Tai Po

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http://www.hkcss.org.hk/e/cont_detail.asp?type_id=20&content_id=4127

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It is necessity to have this project as it help to prolong the age of the house and help to have a better urban planning. However, it is time consuming to rebuild a new house or even a estate. It also cause a problem on the people who live in those houses. If the project is approved more people will be affected, as the lack of houses are occuring at the same time. Apart from that the short term effect is more people are living in a poor environment but the long term effect is have a better housing planning and have a better living environment.

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How:社聯行政總裁蔡海偉表示，大半年來一直有研究在香港發展「貨櫃屋」或「組合屋」的可行性，正與發展商商借土地，初步有發展商願意以象徵式1元租出土地，為期數年作試驗。他又指，「組合屋」採用「砌積木」方式建築，故建築時間較短，但會加裝合格的隔聲及熱等設備，單位面積約160呎或320呎，可供2至5人入住。

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How:社聯行政總裁蔡海偉表示，大半年來一直有研究在香港發展「貨櫃屋」或「組合屋」的可行性，正與發展商商借土地，初步有發展商願意以象徵式1元租出土地，為期數年作試驗。他又指，「組合屋」採用「砌積木」方式建築，故建築時間較短，但會加裝合格的隔聲及熱等設備，單位面積約160呎或320呎，可供2至5人入住。

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about 170 hectares on the western fringe of Tai Lam Country Park that abuts the Tai Lam Tunnel's toll area.

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-ve impacts:        港府有意引入貨櫃組合屋作為過渡性房屋，惟現時本港未有法例規管貨櫃屋，建材誤選傳統貨櫃慣用的木板，隨時惹來火警隱患；而多層貨櫃亦未有統一的固定方法，業界往往各師各法。若要滿足《建築物條例》對走火、無障礙通道的要求，貨櫃屋建造成本將較預期大增。

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-ve impacts:        港府有意引入貨櫃組合屋作為過渡性房屋，惟現時本港未有法例規管貨櫃屋，建材誤選傳統貨櫃慣用的木板，隨時惹來火警隱患；而多層貨櫃亦未有統一的固定方法，業界往往各師各法。若要滿足《建築物條例》對走火、無障礙通道的要求，貨櫃屋建造成本將較預期大增。

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http://www.scmp.com/comment/insight-opinion/article/1842803/country-park-outskirts-can-be-developed-alleviate-hong-kongshttp://www.scmp.com/comment/insight-opinion/article/1842803/country-park-outskirts-can-be-developed-alleviate-hong-kongs

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It is a sharing economy which allows property owners to make their flats available to people in need of housing. The project, launched by the Council of Social Service, will convert idle or underutilised flats provided by landlords into temporary housing for the grassroots.

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Brownfield land is an Anglo-American term used in urban planning to describe, in Western Europe, any previously developed land that is not currently in use, whether contaminated or not, or in North America, more specifically to describe land previously used for industrial or commercial purposes with known or suspected pollution including soil contamination due to hazardous waste.

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Can ease the problem of housing shortage.
HK has limited land which is available for building flats.We hv no choice but need to sacrify the country park for residential use

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協研究郊野公園邊陲地建公屋及長者屋，並已鎖定兩大試點，涉及大㰖及馬鞍山郊野公園，即大欖隧道以西，及沙田水泉澳邨東南方，鄰近大老山隧道，2個項目各佔地20多公頃，房協將招標做研究。

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Another point is that brownfield sites are now in use. Having brownfields for development implies the current users need to move out. As mentioned above, brownfields nowadays are mainly used as open-air container yards. When users are to move out, they need alternative land parcels to relocate to. The problem is where they can find such alternative locations? Open-air container yards are not welcomed by nearby residents. It is not easy to find a place to relocate to. Current users may have specific location preferences. If the relocated place is far away from the current site, more disagreements are likely. If the current users are not properly relocated, the chance of resuming brownfields is not high.

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Will seriously destroy the environment and also the natural habitats of the animals during construction
HK will become concrete jungle
People will have less place to get close to the nature

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社會房屋共享計劃(Community Housing Movement)是為基層人士提供過渡性可負擔房屋的社會項目，由香港社會服務聯會作為中介平台，通過募集、承租及翻新閒置的房屋，再分租給社福機構營運。大部份租戶會被安排以共享模式租住單位，從而互相支援。計劃是為基層人士改善短期的居住環境，但有意見指計劃對龐大的公屋需求是杯水車薪。

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【新聞極客】葵涌工廈劏房普遍

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【Now新聞台】葵涌美適工業大廈致命火警，再次揭示工廈劏房問題。《新聞極客》發現，葵涌區工廈劏房甚為普遍，地產代理向客人聲稱可以留宿。政府早前提出修例，對經營工廈劏房的人施加刑事制裁；而教唆他人入住的經紀也可能要負上刑責。

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又指單位商住皆宜，「好過住劏房」。記者跟着網上提供的資料，聯絡地產經紀看樓。一入電梯就需要拍卡，租戶的卡只能到所租住的樓層，而樓層的走廊、升降機裝修豪華。其中一間房間只有180呎，有網頁所介紹的「寫字檯搖身變床」，租3800元；另一個650呎的單位有冷氣和獨立洗手間，熱水爐、淋浴設備、坐廁一應俱全；有單位更有一張上手租戶留下的雙人床；亦有單位間成一房一廳。從窗外看出去，就可看到住戶專用的泳池，經紀承認這棟工廈用來住是「走法律罅」。記者再去到觀塘看看，開源道和巧明街一帶是工廠大廈集中地。街有地產代理表示，這類小型單位在市場十分搶手。而工廈單位愈劏愈細，亦愈劏愈豪華。他說市場需求大，不少業主會買入工廈單位，劏開放租用作投資。地產代理所屬的公司在網上亦有工廈賣盤，說是「可24小時休息」。他就回應指休息和住是兩回事，需界定清楚。但他承認，工廈劏房是利用法例的灰色地帶。政府曾經打擊工廈劏房，但執法力度有限，無以為繼，工廈劏房遍地開花。最多放盤集中在葵涌區，呎價比同區住宅便宜，工廈單位最便宜呎租10元，相比住宅呎租要22.8元，足足便宜超過一倍。屯門亦一樣，一個400呎單位工廈劏房比住宅租金便宜五成半。而不同地區的劏房租金比住宅便宜兩成半至五成不等。有律師表示，即使有法例，但礙於執法困難，亦無法處理工廈劏房問題。全港有約1800幢工廈。政府曾經表示，要每幢巡查，涉及大量人手和資源，有實際困難，亦沒有工廈劏房的具體數字。屋宇署去年巡查了38幢工廈，其中8個單位被用作住宅用途，屋宇署發出13張清拆令及中止更改用途命令，而去年有兩宗因業主未有遵從清拆令的檢控。

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又指單位商住皆宜，「好過住劏房」。記者跟着網上提供的資料，聯絡地產經紀看樓。一入電梯就需要拍卡，租戶的卡只能到所租住的樓層，而樓層的走廊、升降機裝修豪華。其中一間房間只有180呎，有網頁所介紹的「寫字檯搖身變床」，租3800元；另一個650呎的單位有冷氣和獨立洗手間，熱水爐、淋浴設備、坐廁一應俱全；有單位更有一張上手租戶留下的雙人床；亦有單位間成一房一廳。從窗外看出去，就可看到住戶專用的泳池，經紀承認這棟工廈用來住是「走法律罅」。記者再去到觀塘看看，開源道和巧明街一帶是工廠大廈集中地。街有地產代理表示，這類小型單位在市場十分搶手。而工廈單位愈劏愈細，亦愈劏愈豪華。他說市場需求大，不少業主會買入工廈單位，劏開放租用作投資。地產代理所屬的公司在網上亦有工廈賣盤，說是「可24小時休息」。他就回應指休息和住是兩回事，需界定清楚。但他承認，工廈劏房是利用法例的灰色地帶。政府曾經打擊工廈劏房，但執法力度有限，無以為繼，工廈劏房遍地開花。最多放盤集中在葵涌區，呎價比同區住宅便宜，工廈單位最便宜呎租10元，相比住宅呎租要22.8元，足足便宜超過一倍。屯門亦一樣，一個400呎單位工廈劏房比住宅租金便宜五成半。而不同地區的劏房租金比住宅便宜兩成半至五成不等。有律師表示，即使有法例，但礙於執法困難，亦無法處理工廈劏房問題。全港有約1800幢工廈。政府曾經表示，要每幢巡查，涉及大量人手和資源，有實際困難，亦沒有工廈劏房的具體數字。屋宇署去年巡查了38幢工廈，其中8個單位被用作住宅用途，屋宇署發出13張清拆令及中止更改用途命令，而去年有兩宗因業主未有遵從清拆令的檢控。

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As there is still a lot of space for reclamation
Also， hk has a lot of reclaming experience before. It can ensure the process of reclamation successfully.

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Is it an effective solution?
No
-Feasible?
No, this is because there are conflicts in this solution. Country parks are important natural resources in HK. Environmentalists oppose this solution as building houses in country parks may damage the biodiversity in hk and cause pollution in hk. Moreover, hikers also oppose this solution because this solution reduce the recreational areas for them.
-short term solution
The solution cannot completely solve the housing problem. It can only reduce the small part of housing demand,but doesn't targeting root cause

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視乎單位的面積、規格，以人均最低居住面積為75平方呎作基礎。如以450呎的兩房單位而言，預計兩戶合共4至6人共住，共用廚廁和客廳。

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八成以上單位將分配予輪候公屋最少三年的住

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八成以上單位將分配予輪候公屋最少三年的住戶，但為了更有彈性服務有急切需要的基層人士，計劃將預留部分單位讓急需支援的住戶入住。

「社會房屋共享計劃」嘗試創造一種新的可負擔房屋類型，讓輪候公屋或有其他過渡住屋需要的基層人士可以有多一個選擇。雖然三年計劃目標募集及提供500個單位，讓1,000個住戶受惠，但這只是開端，如果期內單位數目超過目標，社聯與公益金也會盡力籌募資源以增加供應。

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Pros:1.Limited hours of operation. Businesses usually go home at night. In other words, you work when they work. Barring emergency calls at night for break-ins or fire alarms, you should be able to rest at night without having to worry about receiving a midnight call because a tenant wants repairs or has lost a key. For commercial properties it is also more likely you will have an alarm monitoring service so that if anything does happen at night, your alarm company will notify the proper authorities.

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Pros:1.Limited hours of operation. Businesses usually go home at night. In other words, you work when they work. Barring emergency calls at night for break-ins or fire alarms, you should be able to rest at night without having to worry about receiving a midnight call because a tenant wants repairs or has lost a key. For commercial properties it is also more likely you will have an alarm monitoring service so that if anything does happen at night, your alarm company will notify the proper authorities.

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Short term effect:can alleviate the problem of insufficient housing units and long waiting time for public rental housing. Furthermore, people who live in subdivided flats/cage homes can can have a better living environment

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The other country (e.g. Netherland) has introduced this type of housing.
Moreover,it is easy to establish this type of housing in Hong Kong, just rent a flat land and put the containers there without any complicated process .

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2.Income potential. The best reason to invest in commercial over residential rentals is the earning potential. Commercial properties generally have an annual return off the purchase price between 6% and 12%, depending on the area, which is a much higher range than typically exists for single family home properties (1% to 4% at best).

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預料年底前可率先推出34個單位，當中14

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預料年底前可率先推出34個單位，當中14個市建局提供的單位，共有8個機構申請營運，將會選出1個機構擔任營運角色；另外20個單位則由九龍樂善堂負責營運，預計裝修需時1至2個月，隨後便可開始招收租戶，希望年底前可以入伙。

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Cons:1.Bigger initial investment. Acquiring a commercial property typically requires more capital up front than acquiring a residential rental in the same area, so it’s often more difficult to get your foot in the door. Once you’ve acquired a commercial property, you can expect some large capital expenditures to follow. Your property might be humming along for a few months and wham, here comes a $10,000 bill to address roofing repairs or a new furnace. With more customers there are more facilities to maintain and therefore more costs. What you hope is that the gains in revenue outweigh the gains in costs, to support purchasing a commercial property over a residential one.

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1. It doesnt harm the environment
2. It can provide a large amount of flat land.

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Good👍🏿

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富戶政策(Well-off Tenants Policies)是房委會為確保公屋資源合理分配而實施的政策，以入息和資產作為因素，決定對租戶的資助，超逾上限的富戶，須繳交更高的租金，甚至須遷出單位。

房委會決定收緊公屋富戶政策，明年10月開始實施。如租戶超出申請公屋入息限額5倍、資產超出限額100倍或有家庭成員擁本港住宅物業，就要遷出。主席黃遠輝指未知新政策可回收多少公屋，但強調是要傳遞善用公屋資源的訊息。公屋聯會主席王坤認為，收緊政策是政府未能解決輪候冊輪候人數過多而轉移視線。

Pros: 富戶政策有助加快公屋單位的流轉，騰出更多單位給有需要的家庭。

Cons: 可騰空的單位有限，未能解決輪候時間過長的問題。

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Aim:  To ensure that the Public Rental Housing (PRH) resources are properly used.

Under the new policy, PRH tenants will be regarded as "super-rich" and have to vacate their units if the household's income exceeds the income limit four times, or if the household's total assets exceed the asset limits 91 times. Tenants who own a private residential unit in Hong Kong have to move out no matter whether their incomes or assets exceed the limits or not.

Supportive view: The PRH policy is aimed at supporting the underprivileged who have special needs. It is completely justified to demand the super-rich tenants not occupy PRH resources any longer. Political parties should follow their conscience and adhere to their principles instead of shielding vested interests.

The Waiting List for PRH has now accumulated nearly 290,000 applications. The waiting time has been further extended to 4.5 years, which far exceeds the policy objective of 3 years on average.